IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


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1.25 


liijiy    §2.5 

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12.2 


1.4 


2.0 


1.6 


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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

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Q>< 


i- 


CIHM/ICMH 
Microfiche 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 

1980 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  availahie  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


□ 
D 
D 
D 
D 
G 
D 
D 
□ 


□ 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagSe 

Covers  restored  and/or  lammated/ 
Couverture  restaurde  et/ou  pelliculde 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  map??/ 

Cartes  g^ographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Cole  '.'rod  p'-tes  and/or  illustrations/ 
Plar.ches  et/  -"j  illu  ..rations  en  coulacr 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli^  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serree  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
^v'r>ear  within  the  text.  Whene'/er  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais.  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  film6es. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
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une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m^thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


I      I    Coloured  pages/ 


D 


□ 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 


I      I    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


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Pages  d^tach^es 


I      I    Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
I      I    Pages  detached/ 


nShowthrough/ 
Transparence 

I      I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 


Quality  in^gale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  material  supplementaire 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

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obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t^  filmdes  d  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


D 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl^mentaires: 


0 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqud  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

7 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

National  Library  of  Canada 


L'exemplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
g6n6rosit6  de: 

Bibliothdque  nationale  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6X6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet^  de  Texemplaire  filmd,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  -^^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  jpplies. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim6e  sont  film6s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  oomporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film^s  en  commengant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ♦-  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ".  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps   p'^tes,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  inciuc^ed  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  vh»  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
requited.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Stre 
filmds  d  des  taux  de  r6duction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  etre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  sup^rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

r*^ 


n  n  %l^ 


OF 


CALAIS,  MAINE 


AND 


ST.  STEPHEN,  NEW  BRUNSWICK; 


INCLUI)IN(i     THE     VILLA(;K     ()1      mili/iown.     mk., 
AND  TIIK   I'KK.SKNT  TOWN  OF   MFM/IOWN,    N.   I!. 


HY  UKY.  r.  c.  KNowi/rox 


CALAIS  : 
.1.   A.  SKARS.   PKINTKk, 

1.S7'). 


5358 


piiej:a.ce. 


Ii.     -JO,  the  population  of  Calais  i,,  s„i,l   to   |,„ve 
l.eon  only  s,x-,oon  :  in  ,m>,  it  was  al,ont  Um  ■   in  LSI o 
Homo  20(1 ;  in  1«20,  41H;  in  l«;..„.  „;«,; ;  ;„  igV,,,    .' 

at^on  oftnxal,lo  p,..,p..,,y  i„  Calais  in   mi.  was  S,s->    ." 

I'K  put, .  Calais  was  ,nc-orp»rato,l  as  a  town,  i„  mn  ■ 
«■'«!««  a  ejty,  in  IH.M.  Tho  pansl,  of  St.  St,.nl„.n  in- 
eo.-po,-ato,lasatow„inl871,    an,l   ,livi,|..,|    \SZ 

the  h,st  ha,l  a   largo,-  i.opniation  an,l  more  wealth  th.,„ 
Calais.     At  pr..sent,  the  three  town  have  about  14  000 
"■"abitants,  an.I  possess  at  least  So.ooo.ooo     ,     ,' 
l-operty  ;   an.l  the  growth,  though  not  rapid,  is  , 

It    seemed  to    the  writer  that  a   locality  of  this     i,e 
aiKl    importance     .leserved  to    have    its    history      '^ 
c-uea    Horn   olilivion  ;    ami  this  volume  is   an   a, en,  ^ 
n  tJiat  direction.     The  task  has  been  di.llcilt    .        '« 
■■orions.  an,l  the  materials  on  record,  scanty.  t .« 

dates  given,  there  are  some  inistakos,— still  th,-«  i      i 
;vii'  keep  the  fathers  in  honored  remembra    e       d  ^d 
the  fntiire  historian  in  preparing  a  more  perfe^  work. 
Calais,  Mar.  15,  1875.  j  ^    „ 


!i. 


I  osr  r)  E  2C. 


CllAl'TKK. 
I. 

The  IJcginniiig, 

II. 

Al)()ii<iim'.s, 

HI. 

Pioneers, — Calais, 

IV. 

Pioneers, — Si.  Steplu 

V. 

Snrvey  and  Sale  of  ( 

VI. 

Primeval  Age. — 17iH 

VII. 

Oroanizntion. — 1«00 

VIII. 

'SStru<role  for  Life."- 

IX. 

W.  M.  Chnrch,  St.  S 

X. 

W.  M.  Chnreh,  Milll 

XI. 

M.  E.  Chnreh,  Calai 

XII. 

Anglican  ("hnrches, 

XIII. 

The  Bar, 

XIV. 

F.  &  A.  Masons, 

XV. 

Congi'eoationa  1  Chnr 

XVI. 

Plusieians, 

XVII. 

Unitaiian  Chnreh, 

XVIII. 

News[)ai)ers, 

XIX. 

Isi  Baptist  Chnrcl.,- 

XX. 

Hanks  and  Insnranee 

XXI. 

Universalist  Chnreh, 

XXII. 

Shipping, 

XXIII. 

Bridges, 

XXIV. 

Literatnre, 

XXV. 

Benevolent  Societies 

XXVI. 

Railways, 

XXVII. 

Koinan  Catholic, 

XXVIII. 

Presbvteiian  Chnrch, 

XXIX. 

Mills; 

XXX. 

2nd  Baptist  Church,- 

XXXI. 

Snmggling, 

XXXII. 

New  Churches, 

XXXIIT. 

Cemeteries, 

Page 


•n, 

alais, 
)  to  l.SOO', 
to  I.SIO, 
— IHIO  to  1H20, 
tephen. 


n. 


N.  B. 


and  Milltown. 


14 
17 
23 
32 
35 
40 


GO 
66 

6.S 


-  80 

-  96 
ches,         -         -       104 

-  115 
120 

-  129 
-Calais,             -       134 

-     142 

Milltow'i  &  Calais,  146 

.       -         -  160 

165 
167 
172 
175 
178 
-St.  Stephen,    180 

184 


— Calais, 


Appendix, 


187 
192 
195 

198 
200 


UK 


14 
17 
23 
:\2 


40 


^^Sjij-V  flilf  ><> 


(;o 

(IG 
68 
75 
80 
9G 
104 
115 
120 
129 
184 
142 
146 
IGO 
165 
167 
172 
175 
178 
180 
184 
187 
192 
195 
198 
200 


^  isr  lisr  ^^ 


1^^ 


<«•• 


JCl 


o 


pj  (ikfvJic 


fO 


A 


U.s 


^: 


i^= 


'53: 


-A\D  ST.  S'V 


v>v 


V\^^^ 


iuuiIb 


OF 


CALAIS  AND  8T.STE1'HHN. 


:.i 


THE  HFJUNNING. 

Two  lumdml  und  Sirventy-fivo  years    a^^o.    North 
Ani-rica  was  an  eiitirt  \\  iinbrokcn  wildcri.oss.     Except 
a  feeble  colony  at  St.  Auonstiiie,  there  were  no  eities, 
towns  or  Caueassian  homes  on  all  the  vast  domain.     Its 
tnagnifieent  forests  and  prairies,  the  hoarded  wealth  of 
its  exhaustless  mines,  Ihe  mnltifarions  pi  ivileges  of  its 
countless  harbors,  rivers  and  water-falls,  were  still  wait- 
injr  for  the  eultivatcd   mind   and   ounning   hand  of  the 
European  emigrant.     Where  the  great  vommercial  and 
manufacturing  towns   would  be  built,  no  huuian   being 
could  then  decide.     Yet  at  that  early  day,   Calais   and 
St.  Stephen  came  near  being  doomed  to  languish  forev- 
er as  the   mere  inconsequential   suburbs   of  the   great 
Capital  of  French  Acadie.     The  pages  of   History  de- 
scribe  the  danger  and  tell  how  it  quietly  passed  away. 


8  Tin:  iu.<iiNMN(;. 

ThoHtory  ho<X\uH  Nov.  M,  KiO.'i.  On  tliut  cvcntfiil 
(hiy,  Ilcnrv  IV  of  Kiaiicc,  iiilliicnctMl  by  hotli  n'!i«j:ious 
.'iiid  political  conHidcriitions,  jLiranti'd  to  Pierre  <lii  (Juast, 
Sieiir  (U»  Moiits,  a  Tatent  of  all  the  territory  in  Ameri- 
ca lyiiijif  hutwocn  the  fortieth  and  forty-si xth  parallels 
of  north  latitnde.  The  kinjj;  also  appointed  him  Lieu- 
tenant (ieneial  of  mU  th(?  military  forces  in  this  vast 
domain,  and  in  all  respects  invested  him  with  Vice-re- 
gtil  authority. 

Thus  ennobled,  and  stimulate<l  l»y  the  hope  of  fame, 
princely  dignity,  and  a  groat  harvest  of  wealth  to  be 
reaped  in  the  fur  trade,  I)e  Monts  innnediately  began 
to  enlist  u  com[)any  to  emigrate,  and  to  make  the  need- 
ful preparations  for  their  (lei)arture  to  the  new  world. 
In  tive  months  the  arduous  task  was  accom[)lished. 
The  comi)any  included  himself.  Baron  de  Poutrincourt, 
Count  d'Or\ille,  the  scholarly  Samuel  Champlain, 
Catholic  priests,  Huguenot  ministers,  and  alxnit  a  hun- 
dred others, — sailors,  soldiers,  artizans  and  servants. 
These  intended  founders  of  a  new  empire  sailed  from 
Havre  de  Grace,  April  7,  1004,  and  safel}'  crossed  the 
Atlantic. 

Having  reached  America, the  next  care  of  De  Monts 
was  to  (ind  a  suitable  location  on  which  to  build  the 
magnificent  metropolis  of  his  new  and  great  empire. 
After  carefully  examining  the  densely  wooded  but  un- 
auspicious  coast  of  Nova  Scotia  and  New  Brunswick, 
the  adventurers  entered  Passamaquoddy   Bay.     Here, 


•NIK    llK(ilNMN(i 


Hear  llic  nioiitli  of  l.ti  Jiirurr  Ih-s  Ktirhcnnns,    tlicv    «lis- 
t'ovt'R'il  M  sinnll,  attractive  islaiKj,  wliicli  with  pioiis  cmo- 


li'His    tlu'V    tiaiin'il  St.  ('roU, — tli«'    IIolv    Cross. 


Tl 


lis 


islaiiil  now  falli'tl  NcMitial  or  Doi-lict .  is  in  I.atiludr  l.'» 
«l(Mri-(.(is,  (■»  tninnti's  N.  and  Lonuitmlr  (\x  <U'i:ri'<'s,  7 
niinntcs  \V.  ami  vi-iy  ncjir  tin*  south-eastern  l»nnn»hin 
of  Cahiis.  It  was  nt  th:it  time  al)onl  a  mih'  in  h'nj;th, 
and  thickly  eovereil    with  c('(har  trees. 

It  was  Suninier.  The  {Jienial  air  was  tVap;ranl  with 
Ihe  sweet  oijors  (jfthe  lorcSt.  The  birds  wen;  singing 
their  songs  of  love.  Tlie  river  s^  ined  alive  witli  lish 
and  water  tow!  ;  while  'noose  and  deer  in  large  nnnihers 
roamed  near  hv  in  the  woods.     Here   was  a    I'aradise; 


or  at  least  one  of  the  '■•Isles  of  rhe    Blest. 


And    here 


at  once  they  decided  to  locate  and  build  their  great 
city.  Th"*  water  around  the  island  would  be  a  safe  bar- 
rier agamst  savage  foes,  and  a  commodious  place  for 
^shi[»|)ing  Wharves  W(juld  line  the  shore, — palaces  and 
temples  would  rise  ou  the  land.  Wealth,  luxury,  art, 
science,  religion,  would  adorn  and  glorify  the  gorgeous 
Capital  of  the  n(?w  Uealni.  Never  was  there  a  location 
more  inviting  and  i)romising. 

Accordingly  in  July.  IGOl,  they  landed  on  this 
beautiful  island  and  began  their  work.  Trees  were 
felled,  streets  and  s(juares  laid  out,  foundations  arrang- 
ed, houses  erected,  cannon  mounted,  and  even  a  small 
house  of  worship  and  a  cemetery  provided.  The  site  of 
this  resting  i)lace  for  the  dead,  is  now  unknown.     Prob- 


0 


Tin:  r.r.(;iNNiNri. 


:il)|r  it  has  hccii  ciitii'dy  wrislicd  ;i\v;iy  by  the  ciicroaoli- 
iii<i,"  tide.  This  incipient  city  was  on  l!u;  upper  or  uoith- 
vvestern  end  of  tli«!  island,  where  sonio  faint  traces  of 
its  foundations  are  still  visilile.  In  the  Autumn,  a  por- 
tion of  the  party  leturned  to  France  for  NUpplics  and 
recruits,  and  only  seventy-nine  |>ersonis  were  left  to 
<ru;ird  the  little  villa<>e  and  to  test  the  (juality  of  the 
CO  ning  Winter.  There  were  no  othei'  white  people  with- 
in a  thousand  miles  of  them  ;  hut  they  were  well  elothei? 
.•'.nd  provisioned,  destitute  of  fear  and  sanguine  in  ex- 
pectation. Hardship,  sulfering,  death,  were  not  in 
their  pleasant  p^'ooranime. 

Winter  approached.  The  fierce  winds  arose  and 
wrenched  the  fad(!d  leaves  lro:n  the frii>htened  trees.  The 
airgrew  shar[)  and  cutting  The  birds  vanished  ; — tied 
to  their  southern  homes.  The  snow  sifted  down  from  its 
exhaustless  storehouse,  and  wrappe*!  the  dead  and  froz- 
en earth  in  its  white  shroud,  (ireat  blocks  of  ice  were 
piled  on  the  shore,  or  hurried  by  in  the  black  angry 
water.  Communication  with  the  main  land  became 
dillicult,  and  fresh  ^NUter  could  not  be  easily  obtained. 
Houses  and  tires  could  not  keep  out  the  awful  cold.  It 
became  so  intense  that  the  wine  of  the  enunrants  con- 
gealed,and  had  to  be  dealt  out  by  weight.  Day  and  night 
these  poor  exiles  from  sunny  France  shivered  as  with 
ague.  I'aralyzing  scurvy  attacked  them.  Nearly  all 
were  sick,  and  before  Spring,  thirty-live  oi'  them  were 
carried  to   the  dreary  cemetery.     The  romance  ended. 


TlIK    HK(; INNING. 


u 


Every  one  oftlie  emacuited  and  frost  hittou  survivors 
was  f'nlly  eoi.viiieed  that  tl.at  Meak  island  was  not  a 
suitable  plaeo  for  a  irreat  city;  and  in  Aiigiist,  Klo,^, 
tlM'v  all  left,  never  more  to  retnrn.  Thns  Calais  and 
St.  Stephen  escaped  being  the  snburbs  <.f  the  Capital  of 
Aca.he;  an  eni;>ir<.  that  never  existed  and  a  city  that 
never  was  built.  De  Monts  not  long  after  was  depriv- 
ed of  his  l»atent  ;  and  the  French  emigrants  found  a 
more  congenial  Iioujc  at  Port  Hoval,  X    S 

The  fact  that  Doehet  Island  is  the  i>lace  where 
De  Monts  tried  to  loeate  his  colony  has  been  |)roved 
beyond  a  .loubt.  IJy  the  Treaty  of  17H3,  it  was  agreed, 
by  Great  Britain  and  the  United  States  that  the  St. 
Croix  Kiver  should  !)e  the  boundary  between  Maine  and 
New  Ihunswiek.     Subsequently  however  a  doubt  aro>e 


involving  the  question,  -which  of  the  larg 


2:er   livers  of 


Maine  is  the  St.  Croix. 


All 


admitted   tiuit  *t  was  tl 


ic 


river  near  wh()...(.    mouth    was    De  Monts'    island  •    I 


where  was  that    island?      The    fe 


W 


)Ut 


vv   white    settlers    in 


iishington  County  knew  nothing  about  it,  and  CI 


lam- 


plain's  mai)s  were  too  imperfect  to 

tiie  locality.     Tiie  changes  wrought  by  .learl 

turies  of  forest  growth  and  d 

'he 


iive  a  correct  idea  of 


Iv  two  cen- 


ecay, — of  rasping  tides  and 


chemical  decomposition,  had  of  course  obliterate.! 


visible 


vestige   of  the    old    French    setti 


search  was  made,  and  in  179S,  after  a  1 


e\ery 
ement.       iJut 


ungand  careful 


ex 


amination,  the  Commissioners  appointed  to  trace  the 


boundary  line,  discovered  bsneath  the 


underbrush,  sedge 


12  Tin:  iJKr.ixxixG. 

and  sand  on  Dochot  Island,  ilio  unniistakahlc  remains 
of  the  foundations  of  Do  iSIonts'  houses.  Tiuit  settled 
tlie  <inostion.  Here  was  the  island,  and  ''on  either  side 
of  it"  flowed  the  real  St.  Croix.  On  that  small  and 
dre.'iry  islet,  now  not  half  so  lar<ie  as  then,  within  an 
houi-'s  ride  of  the  business  centres  of  Calais  and  St. 
Stephen,  the  i)eo[)le  of  one  of  the  first  white  settlements 
on  the  Continent  north  of  Florida,  pitched  their  tents 
and  tried  to  dwell. 

One  pleasant  memorial  of  that  unfortunate  colony 
will  ever  remain.  The  ancient  Indian  i:ame  of  tlie  V)ay 
and  river  was  Pcskdddinlakkaiili,  of  as  we  sjxdl  and  [)ro- 
nouiice  it,  Passamacpioddy.     The  word  it  is  said,  means 


lead 


s  up  to  the  open   fields"  or   places.      The   "open 


places"  were  probably  the  Schoodic  lakes  and  the  in- 
terval lands  around  them  ;  for  Schoodic  means  "■oi)en- 
ed  by  fire."  Some  however  aflirni  that  PassanuKjUoddy 
means  the  "-place  of  the  Pollock  ;"  and  that  the  Bay 
was  so  named  from  the  nudtitude  of  this  kind  of  fish 
in  its  waters.  De  flouts  or  some  French  explorer  be- 
fore him,  named  the  river,  Aa  llcvicrc  Dcs  Etcchcmins, 
because  the  Indians    in   the   vicinity   had    been   called 


Etcchcniinf 


The   island  on    which  his   settlement  was 


started,  he  named  St.  Croix,  not  for  any  real  or  fancied 
resemblance  of  a  cross  in  the  branches  of  the  river,  but 
for  the  sacred  emblem  of  his  relijjjion.  Only  persons 
endoweil  with  a  very  lively  imagination  can  see  any- 
thing like  a  cross,  anywhere  in  the   natural   scenery  of 


'niK    I'.KdINMNc;, 


u 


this  ivuio,,.      In  tho  course  ofyears,  sohk-Iiow  the  uimw 
-ivcii  Mt  first  to  the  isluiKlonly.  sli,),HMl  oil  i,.to  tlu.  r]v- 
vv.     'riu.s  IVoin   tlio   unsum'ssfnl  I),.  Monts  cauie  tho 
iini.reofonr  l.cantir.il  pathway  to  the  ocoau,-Aa  Suinf, 
('ro/j-.  the  Holy  Cross. 

Forii.rther  iiilbrniMtion  on  this  sul.joct,  the  rea(U'r 
li.uy  consult  WiUianison's  History  of  Maine,  Parkn.an's 
Pioneers  of  France,  Holmes'  Annals,  Vitroniille's  His- 
tory  of  the    Almakis,  and   ('hanij)lain's  maps  an.l  writ- 


inu-.s. 


'3 


It 


AKOKKilS'IJs*. 


II 

MiOIiiaiNKH. 

A  hmidred  years  ago,  ami  durin^i"  scores  of  previous 
centuries,  all  the  territory  in  and  around  Calais  and  St, 
Stephen  was  a  sombre  wilderness.  The  lakes  sle[)t  in 
their  earthen  beds,  and  the  wide  awake  rivei's  hurried 
alon«^  their  windiuijf  paths,  as  thev  do  now  ;  but  all  the 
hills  and  valleys  were  completely  coven.'d,  and  rounded 
into  beauty  by  a  dense  forest.  Pine,  Spruce,  Fir,  (,'e- 
dar,  Hemlock,  Oak,  Ash,  Beach,  Birch,  Maple,  Pop- 
lar and  Elm  trees,  many  of  them  very  large  and  tall, 
grew  luxuriantly  where  arc  now  ourujeadows,  streets 
and  gardens.  Here  and  there  in  sum  v  openings,  the 
Hluel)erry,  Whortleberry,  Raspberry  and  Gooseberry, 
ri[)ened  their  delicious  fruits.  The  Moose  and  Deor,  the 
Bear  and  (Jaribou,  the  Wolf  and  Fox,  the  Loup-ccrvier 
and  Catamount,  the  Rabbit  and  Scjuirrel,  roamed 
througii  the  pathless  woods,  unmolested  and  happy. 
The  Beaver,  Otter,  Mink  and  Muskrat,  on  the  banks  of 

every  lake  and  river,  built  their  homes  :uid  reared  their 
offsi)ring,  in  peace.     Geese,  ducks,  partridges,  pigeons 

and  hosts  of  smaller  birds  winged  the  air  and  made  the 

Summer  joyful  with  their  melody.  In  countless  num- 
bers, Salmon.  Shad  and  Alewives  sported  in  the  water. 
The  only  human  inhabitants  were  a  few  families  of 
Etechemin  Indians  who  came  and  went  like  the  fiitting 
clouds. 


AnoUKilNKS.  1.') 

The  Trilto  of  Ucd  Men  residing:  in  tlio  St.  Croix 
Vjilk'V.  li:i(l  tlw  iiaiiu' ofUpt'iiango  or  (^iioddy.  Though 
never  imnierous,  tliey  were  scattered  along  on  eacli  side 
of  the  river  Croin  its  mouth  to  its  sources  among  tin; 
Schoodic  and  Chipctnicook  hikes.  Tlieir  origin  to  us 
is  entirely  unknown.  But  tliere  is  a  tradition  that  they 
are  the  descendants  of  a  St.  John  Indian  and  a  Penob- 
scot S(jnaw.  who  married  centiuies  ago  ;  and  neither  be- 
ing willing  to  migrate  to  the  home  of  the  otiier,  as  a 
fair  (•onii)romisethey  settled  on  the  St.  Croix  and  found- 
ed a  new  Tribe.  Their  language  is  a  dialect  of  the 
widely  spoken  AlgoiKjuin  ;  and  their  manners  and  cus- 
toms are  similar  to  all  other  Abnakis,  though  they 
seem  to  have  ever  been  a  peaceable  [)eople.  They  had 
camping  grounds  at  and  for  a  mile  or  more  above  the 
head  of  the  tide  on  each  side  of  the  river;  and  many  a 
relic  of  their  Stone  Age  has  been  found  here  in  the  soil. 
For  man}' years  after  the  first  white  settlers  came,  these 
children  of  nature,  nearly  naked  in  Sunnner  and  gro- 
tesquely clad  in  skins  and  blankets  in  Winter,  were  often 
seen,  sometimes  squatting  quieth'  in  their  rude  Wig- 
wams, sometimes  strolling  along  in  their  trails,  free, 
fearless  and  content. 

An  early  incident  illustrating  their  character  and 
giving  a  glimpse  of  frontier  life,  may  be  interesting. 
(3ne  day,  near  the  beginning  of  the  present  century,  a 
stalwart  Indian  thirsting  for  fire-water,  entered  the 
house  of  Clement  Lane  in  Milltown  and  demanded  a 


i 


1(1  .\l5n|{f(ilNKS. 

(li'iiik  of  nun.  On  INIrs.  Lima's  rcfusino  to  orMtily  lii;- 
tliirst.  lie  scizc'l  'km-  itiCMiit  mikI  st.irUM]  tor  the  dooi-. 
It  is  not  smI'c  for  ;i  had  ni;'n  to  nicildlc  with  n  oood  wo- 
nnin's  hahy.  (^)ni('l<  as  tlioniilit  she  snatolicd  the  child 
tVoni  his  hands.  phMccil  it  in  tiic  cradh' and  then  hi'avely 
far'('(l  her  cni'iny.  Atiain,  w  it li  anpry  words  and  men 
acinii'  <i08tnrc's.  he  dcniandcd  lire-water  l*ereeivin{j; 
that  remonstrance  wouM  he  \ain,  she  seized  an  iron 
poker  and  with  one  well  ainie(l  lilow  piostrated  him  on 
theflt.or.  Just  then  a  nei>4hl»or  ea.nie  in, and  the  hleed- 
inu",  IViiihtened  savau'e  tied.  The  heroic  mother  is  saicl 
to  he  still  livin«>"  in  one  of  the  Western  States. 

A  remnant  of  the  trihe  still  occupies  its  ancient 
home,  hut  its  numher  is  constanMy  diniinishin<>,  and  its 
ultimate  extinction  is  only  a  (piestion  of  time.  Mean- 
while it  is  pleasant  and  right  to  state  that  as  a  wliolo. 
these  children  of  the  foiest  have  heen  kindly  treated  by 
the  Whites,  and  have  lived  in  jM'aei!  with  all  men.  They 
have  never  eniji,a<i;ed  in  war  against  us,  nor  committed 
any  great  crime  against  our  [)ersonsoi  proi)erty.     They 

are  not  industrious,  hut  hy  hunting,  iishing;,  basket  and 
canoe  making,  a  little  farming,  and  an  occasional  job 
in  driving  logs,  they  managi'  to  get  a  subsisteu<*e  by 
them  deemed  comfortable.  They  are  Catholics,  hut 
theii'  religion  sits  lightly  on  them,  and  does  not  inter- 
fere with  their  nomadic  liabits.  Tlu'v  enjoy  a  larg*'  de- 
gre(»  of  apathetic  hap^piness,  ;ind  with  true  Stoic  indif- 
ference are  content  to  live   and  die    without   much   fear 


w 


« 


.35 


nONKKHs.— CALAIS. 


III. 

PIONEEIU%-CALAm. 
Tho  Ncttlcim'ut  uf.-i  i-ivn-  vj.llc.v  luiturally  coiniiu'ii- 
<H^s  near  its  niontli.      A  low  white  nu'ii  had    hn-atcd    «„, 
the  shores  of  PassamaciModdv  Hay  several  years  helore 

:i  sii.ole  tree  had  yiehled  to  the   axe    iu    C'ahiis    or    St. 
♦Steplieii. 

Inl7f;(),  itis  said,  Alexander  Xiehols,  Thomas 
Fleteher  and  a  Mr.  Kown,  came  up  the  St.  Croix  to 
the  head  of  its  tide  water,  to  fish  for  alewives.  Thev 
HO  <loul>t  landed  on  each  side  of  the  river;  and  they 
iiiay  have  been  the  first  white  men  that  ever  visited 
this  locality.  Prol.ahly  they  remaine.l  only  a  few 
days,  and  went  away  without  a  dream  of  the  wealth  and 
resources  they  left  hehind. 

In  170;i,  Alexander  Hodges,  Joseph  Parsons  and  a 
Mr.  Prehble  settled  at  Pleasant  Point,  an<MamesBoyd 
and  James  Chatfrey,  on  Indian  Island.     In    all    proba- 
bility these  were  the  first,  permanent,  white  settlers    in 
the  St.  Croix  valley.     Jn  1 7«J1),  James  Brown  and  Jere- 
miah  Frost  located  at  St.  Andrews,  and  William  Kiek- 
t'l-  in  1771.  built  himself  a  home  on  Moose  Island,  now 
Kastport ;  and  thus  these  towns  had    their    beoinnings. 
Tradition  alhrms  that  the  first  white  inhabitants^of 
Calais  were  William  Swain    trom    Massachusetts    and 


I« 


FMONKKKS. — (  A[.  vrs. 


I);ivi(l  F.'irrcll  from  Ii'iLmikI.  Tlicv  c'iiih'  previous  tit 
17'SO.  liiil  how  loiiii;  lu'Torc  c.'mnot  dow  lie  nsccrt.'iiiKMl. 
Mr.  Swiiiii's  '•jiltiii  \v;is  in  Alilltouii  iic.'ir  the  old 
Kimlt.'ill  tioiisc  .'ind  imt  frir  IVom  the  H;iil\v;iy  St.Mtion. 
It  is  s:ii(i.  tltoiiirli  l»,v  niMiiy  (louhtcil.  lli.-it  lie  Imilt  tlu' 
first  SMw-iiiill  oil  llw  livcr.  Tlu'  locjition  of  this  iiiill  is 
siii)|)ost'(l  to  have  hccii  nctir  (ioosc  Rociv.  ;i  few  rods  lic- 
h)\v  tlic  (';il;iis  end  oC  Milltowii  sipiKT  l>rid<j;('.  If  siicli 
;i  sti'uctiii'c  WMs  crcctcfl  or  .Mttciiiptcvl.  it  \v:is  luiriu-d  lic- 
lorc  it  went  into  operation  ;  ;ind  during"  the  last  hall* 
(•(Miturv.  no  trace  of  it  has  l»een  visible.  Mr.  Swain 
en^aii'cd  in  othei'  business,  and  ten  (»]•  lit'teen  years 
after  moved  away,  l*i'oltal»ly  he  next  located  at  some; 
point  farthei'  down  ri\er  :  as  some  of  his  descendants  are 
said  to  Ite  still  livinjj,"  on  Campolu'llo  Island. 

Ml'.  Farrell  Ituilt  his  cabin  not  far  from  llie  Metii- 
odist  Meetin<i"  House,  on  tlie  land  still  called  the  ••Far- 
rell lot."  His  occupation  is  unknown.  Pri'vious  to 
\1\)',\,  lie  was  accidentally  killed  by  a  fallinu"  tree.  His 
body  was  buried  between  his  house  and  the  river;  but 
in  excavating  for  the  Kailway  a  tew  years  ago.  his  bones 
were  unearthed  and  carried  to  the  Cemetery.  He  left 
no  children  ;  but  a  gentleman  bearing  his  name  and 
claiming  to  be  a  relative,  still  resides  on  the  Farrell  lot. 

The  first  permanent  white  resident  of  Calais,  was 
Daniel  Hill.  He  came  here  from  .lonesport  in  1779. 
A  report  had  been  circulating  in  ^fachias  and  vicinity 
for  several  years,  that  near  the  head  of  the  tide  on  the 


VIONKKIJS.— (  ALAIS. 


11) 


Ions  f(» 
rt.'iiii('(|. 

the  old 
St.'itioii. 
ni!t  till' 
s  mill  is 
rtids  !»('- 

If  siu'h 
rued  he- 
ist luill' 
S\v;iin 
II  vvjirs 
at  sonic 
smts  ail' 

Mcth- 
j  "Fjir- 

»us  to 
.      His 

;    hut 

hones 

('  left 
ic    Jind 

II  lot. 
was 

1771). 
icinity 
>n   the 


St.  Croix.  tluMV  was  an  ahnndanrc  of  i)int'  tiinher,  fish 
and  liaini'.  mid  tluit  tlir  livcr  up  to  this  point,  was 
ii:i\iii:ahh'  for  \uv<^v  vi'sscls.  Several  persons  talkiMl  of 
nii;iratin<2"  to  this  proinisin<»:  hind;  ;ind  at  leiiLi'tli  Mr. 
Hill  piloted  hy  :in  Iiidinn,  cmiiu'  throiiuli  the  w<»ods  to 
(  iilais.  On  iirrivlnii"  he  perceived  ;it  once  that  tlu' 
<*onntry  \\;is  even  l>etter  tliiin  the  report  indii-:ited. 
Deeidinu"  to  loente.  lu'  l>nilt  ;i  cMltin  where  the  (li;i\'el 
I'it  now  is.  on  I'nion  Mills  street.  iukI  cleared  a  small 
patch  of  land  on  b'erry  Point.      His  oldest  son.  Thomas 


Hill,  who  was  horn  dan.  2(*th  I 


^  i •*. 


and  who    lived    al- 


most a  centnrv.  often  said  that  when  he  was  altont  six 
years  old.  he  saw  his  father  f»'ll  the  lii'st  tree  ever  «'ut 
in  ("aliils.  He  was  j)rohal»ly  mistaken  in  i'elatit>n  to  its 
hein<>"  the  (irst  tree  felled;  Imt  he  saw  his  father  chop- 
[»inu'  down  trees  on  Ferry  Point,  and  no  douht  he  was 
i'orrect  respect in»i;  his  age  at  that  time.  His  statement 
therefore  fixes  the  date  of  the  first  permanent  settlement. 
It  was  177'J.  Other  persons  from  Macinas  and  vicinity, 
very  soon  after,  either  tiiat  year  or  the  next.  Joinctl  Mr. 
Hill  and  made  the  settlement  a  neiiihhorhood.  But  the 
permanent  hejjfinning  was  ill  1771>,  and  the  Centennial 
of  Calais  will  therefore  occur  in  the  Sumnier  of  1H7'.). 

Daniel  Hill  is  said  to  have  heen  remarkahly  stron<»', 
aijile  and  fearless.  He  had  heen  a  soldier  in  some  of 
the  old  wars  ajjainst  the  Indians ;  and  the  (Juoddys 
havino-  learned  this  fact,  alth<^u<ih  he  kindly  aided  and 
instructed  them  in  farmiiur,  alwavs  greatlv  feared   hii 


a. 


20  I'loNKKKS. — (A  LA  IS. 

A  few  yoaiNJiflcr  he  cniiic  here,  he  JoIikmI  Jjicol*  Lilfboy 
.Mild  .Icrciiiiiili  Fnjst,  in  building  ;i  Saw-inlU.  It  Htood 
oil  I'oiicr's  Strcniii.  iicjir  its  moiilli.  iiiid  was  the  lirst 
mill  ever  crt'ctcd  in  this  vicinity.  The  ihmiiIkt  of  men 
al  tlif  ••raisinii;."  was  so  small,  tlial  the  ladies  wt-re 
ohliiTi'd  to  leiul  all  their  streiiii-th  in  liftiiiiX  Ihe  henw 
timliers.  Without  their  aid,  the  rraiiie  could  not  have 
boon  sot  up.  Mr.  Hill  also  innxHted  the  lirst  oxen, 
and  lirst  engaged  in  Imiibering.  He  was  an  ingenious, 
energetic,  moral  man  ;  and  he  so  trained  his  children 
that  his  ])osterity  largely  inheiit  his  good  (inalities. 
His  chihlren  were  Daniel  of  Warwick.  Thoiiias  of  Cal- 
ais, .loscph  who  died  young.  William  still  living  in 
Calais,  Mrs.  Elizal»eth  Maxwell.  Mrs.  Charlotte  Thomp- 
son, and  Mrs.  I'olly  Millberry,  (*!' St.  Stei)lien.  'J'liom- 
as  settled  in  the  southern  part  of  Calais  and  married 
Abti^jfail.  a  sister  of  Jones  Dyer  Jr..  by  whom  he  had 
fifteen  children,  ten  of  whom  are  still  living;  viz. 
Ansel,  Abner,  Samuel,  AVilliam,  Thomas  1*.,  Stillman, 
Harrison,  Ellis  now  on  the  homestead,  James  and 
Sophia.  The  IMillberrys,  Th()mj)sons  and  Maxwells, 
descended  from  Daniel  Hill,  are  also  numerous  ;  and  all 
cherish  with  pride  the  memory  of  this  Patriarch  of  Cal- 
ais. And  it  is  worthy  of  note  that  the}'  are  uU  good 
citizens. 

Abont  1780.  Samuel,  a  son  of  Ja})het  Hill  of  Ma- 
cliias,  settled  in  the  sonthern part  of  Calais,  andengaged 
in  farming.     He  was  probably'  a  cousin  of  Daniel  Hill. 


riONKEU8. — CALAI8. 


21 


111'  appears  to  havo  Ih'cii  ;i  »|iii»'t  l)iit  woitliv  man.  llis 
rliildrcii  witc  Amos.  St('i)ln'n,  .laspcr,  Ahncr,  .lames, 
i\Iis.  Lvdia  Hmnham,  Mrs.  Kii-c  'uul  Mrs.  Kelu'cea 
Kcadinu.  Tlii'  last  named  is  still  liNinji;,  .'ind  from  lier 
retentive  mt'moiT,  manv  of  tlii'  I'aets  in  tlnshistorv  were 
obtained. 

In  1  7Hl  or  the  year  preeeedinu;. 'lames   and    .lones 


Dver  cMnic  trom  INfaehias  and  settled  in    Calais 


Their 


oii<iinal  home  ai)pt'ars  to  have  been  Providence,  K.  1. 
.lames  was  uecidentallv  drowned  in  early  manhood.  lit; 
however  lell  lour  chihh'en  ;  James,  Jr.  Samuel  now 
livinLT,  Mrs.  C'luise  and  JNIrs.  Westbrook  Knii::ht.  Jones 
had  been  a  soldier  on  the  American  side  in  the  Kevo- 
lutionary  war.  His  iarm  was  near  that  now  occupied 
by  William  Kni<j,ht.  He  was  u  prominent  member  of 
society,  and  was  t'reiiuently  elected  to  olllce  in  town 
allairs.  His  son.  Jones  Dyer  Jr.,  married  Lydia,  a 
daughter  of  C'a})t.  Jonathan  Knight,  by  whom  he  had 
fifteen  children.  (Vid.  Appendix.)  His  iirst  home  was 
where  the  Alms  Hous<'  now'  stands;  his  second,  on 
Main  St.,  near  the  foot  of  Church  Aveiuu'.  Being  a 
mail  of  energy  and  decided  a])ility,  he  took  an  active 
part  in  all  public  alfairs,  and  was  for  many  years  the 
wealthiest  man  in  town. 

Thus  Calais  began.  From  time  to  time,  other 
families  came  ;  Bohanon,  Noble.  IVttigrove,  Sprague, 
Bailey,  Lane,  etc.,  of  whom  some  mention  will  be  made 
in  another  chapter.     The  settlement  was  made    not   by 


')'} 


I'lOXEKKS. — <  ALAIS. 

NVJir  nor  witli  roiiiiuu'c,  hut  in  soIht  r(»Mlit_v.  Its  pio- 
iH'crs  were  not  IcjuikmI  men  mikI  womcp.  luit  ImIioiith 
trvin}jj  to  ^('t  an  honest  livin*;.  Tlu'v  U-\'\  ii<>  letters  or 
uinniiscriptH  to  disclose  tlie  story  of  their  trials  or  tri- 
innplis.  Hut  they  left  what  is  Car  Itetter,  the  reputa- 
tion of  heiu}:!:  kind,  just  and  i  N'llijxent  people.  'I'heir 
deseendants  to  the  third  and  loiu'th  generation,  haye 
arisen  and  l)lesse(l  their  memory.  We  <'annot  trace  the 
intluenc  e,  hut  there  is  no  doubt  that  much  that  Ih  good 
and  ri<i:ht  in  our  midst,  came  from  these  hardy,  worthy 
woodsmen. 


^ 


PIOXKKUS. ST.    STKl'IIKN. 


'21) 


IV. 

PIOiVEEIiS—ST.  STEVIIKN. 

All  tlic  !1U(m1  people  mikI  the  oM  Iniditioiis  in  Ciilnis 
anil  St.  Stephen,  eoncin-  in  the  statement  tliiil  the  lirst 
white  settlers  in  each  town  eanie  IVoni  Maehi;is  oi-  some 
plaee  in  thiit  vicinity.  .A  few  of  the  liist  c:ime  thronnii 
the  woods,  guided  I ly  an  Indi.Mn;tiie  others  came  l>y 
water.  For  a  time,  they  occupied  perluips  in  e(|ual 
numhers,  each  Hide  of  the  river;  hut  eventually  oidy 
two  men,  Daniel  and  Sauniel  Hill,  with  theii-  fiimilies 
remained  in  Calais.  The  others, — .lames  ;ind  .h-remiMh 
Frost,  Jacob  Libhey  and  his  sons,  Kbenezer  and  Jacob 
Jr.,  John  Kolfe,  Dr.  McDonald,  HeuJMinip  (letchell 
and  Sanniel  IVIillberry,  with  their  families, located  in  St. 
Stephen.  They  came  in  1770  and  HO,  j»n<l  occupied  the 
land  adjoining  the  river,  from  Ferry  l*oint  to  Porter's 
Stream.  Lib])ey's  lot  was  at  the  Cove.  Their  object 
in  settling  on  the  St.  Croix,  was  to  engage  in  lumber- 
ing. Soon  after  their  arrival,  Daniel  Ilill,  Jacob  Lib- 
bey  and  Jeremiah  Frost  built  a  Saw-mill  on  Porter's 
Stream,  and  began  the  manufacture  of  boards  and  deal. 
The  logs  were  at  first  obtained  by  felling  the  trees  near 
the  stream  and  rolling  their  trunks  into  the  water.  All 
the  houses  of  these  people  were  constructed  of  logs,  and 
were  destitute  of  brick  cliimne3's.     They  contained  very 


T 


24  riONKKRS. — ST.    STKrilEN. 

little  I'liniiUirc.  nnd  few  if  any  jjjlnss  windows.  Their 
clinirs.  tables,  beds  and  enlinarv  utensils  were  of  the 
most  primitive  style.  Yet  these  rude  homes  were  eom- 
fortahle,  and  renderi-d  pleasant  by  th(»  presence  of  lov- 
ing', raithfiil  wives  an<l  nioiliers.  '!"he  first  ehild  born 
in  the  new  settlement,  was  Sanmel  Libbey  ;  and  <>reat 
was  the  joy  of  the  occasion. — After  a  time,  several 
families  of  tiiese  earliest  settlers  located  on  tlie  fertile 
Ki<l<i:es  a  few  miles  back  frv>m  the  river,  and  there  many 
of  their  descendants  still  reside. 

Hon.  J.  (i.  Stevens  of  St.  Stephen,  in  his  al)le  and 
interestinji:  ''Prize  Essav  on  Charlotte  County,"  says  : 
''The  first  settlement  of  the  County  began  in  1784," 
when  several  persons  preyiously  of  II.  15.  jM's.  71st. 
Kci^iment,  with  others  from  Nova  Scotia,  Massachusetts, 
New  York  and  elsewhere,  united  in  a  Corporate  Body 
called  the  ''Cape  Ann  Association,"  and  obtained  ti 
Grant  of  a  large  tract  of  land  in  what  is  now  the  Parish 
of  St.  David.  The  Grant  was  given  to  David  Clenden- 
in  and  147  others.  IMaiiy  of  them,  and  stmie  accom- 
l)anied  by  their  wives  and  children,  in  that  year  and  the 
next,  permanently  h)cated  on  the  (irant.  Among  them 
were  Dayid  ChMidenin,  Williai..  i.ioore,  William  Vance, 
Thomas  McLaughlin,  Reuben  Smith,  Samuel  Thomas, 
Josiah  Ilitchings,  Francis  N«»rwo<  d,  Nathaniel  Parsons, 
Dayid  McAllister,  an<l  others  probabh',  whose  names 
cannot  be  ascertained.  The  descendants  of  these  peo- 
ple still  oecup3'  farms  in  St.  Dayid. 


I 


's.  Tlioir 
re  of  the 
went  coin- 
•e  ^)i'  lov- 
lild  l)<)n) 
111(1  threat 
,  several 
he  I'ertile 
lere  many 

al»lo  and 
',"   says  : 
1    1784," 
's.    71st. 
eliusetts, 
t(}    B(xly 
tain.ed    a 
le  Parish 
Uleiulen- 
'  aecoin- 
'  and  tlie 
)ng  thrin 
n  Vance, 
rhonias, 
Parsons, 
'    names 
?se   peo- 


rioNKKH.S. — ST.    STKIMIKX.  L>,' 

In  tlie  same  years,  17K4-r>.  and  prohalily  ("nun  llic 
same  localities,  fourteen  other  families  came  and  set- 
tled netir  the  hank  of  the  St.  Croix.  piohMhly  below 
Porter's  Streiim  and  down  to  the  Ledne.  The  names 
of  the  men  were  Jvlimmd  J^olierty.  djimes  Thom})son, 
dames  Nickerson.  Zel).  Liimekin.  dolui  McMiillen.  .lo),i, 
ij'ly,  .loshna  Jiahh.  Wm.  Callop,  .lohn  LveniMn,  Lnther 
Dany.  Alex.  Patterson,  John  Jordan,  John  Youno-, 
and  Johii  II<)j)p.s. 

Having  erected  log  eal»ins  in  which  to  reside,  tluse 
hrave  i)ioneers  at  once  eng:iged  in  clearing  the   land    of 
its  'dense  forests,  and  raising  sncii  croi)s  as  the  s<;ij  snid 
cli]nate  would  i)er]nit.      Wm.    Moore,   who    ai^usirs    to 
have  been  the  most  wealthy  and  energetic    imin    in    tlie 
c(dony,  l)uilt    a    Saw-mill    and    (irist-mill    on    l\>rter's 
Stream,  at  the  locidity  ever  since  called  Mooiv's  Mills: 
and  some  :dtenti<^n  was  somi  ])aid  to    lumbering.     The 
farms  Aielde<n)ountiful    lunvests,    the    river    wjis   alive 
with  tish  and   the    forest    with    game,    the    industrious 
women  wove  all  the  cloth    needed    thv   garments,    then> 
were  n(j  taxes  to  pay  and  no  expensive  fashions    to    I'ol- 
low,  their  dwellings  were  warm   and    comforta!)le,    jiiid 
the  thrifty  colonists  had  no  reason  U)  complain  ol"   their 
wihh'rness  homes  and  enjoyments.     They  ought  to  luive 
heen  and  j)robably  were,  a  "ontented  and  h.'ii)py  people. 
Bnt  the   village    of   St.    Stephen    owes    its    origin 
mainlrto    a    colony    led    thither    by    Capt.    Nelu'miMh 
Mark8.     He  was  a  native  of  Derby,    Coiuiectieut.    and 


2C, 


rU )\KKR.'=:. — ST.    STKPHKV. 


nppcnrs  to  have  boon  ji  iimn  of  marked  ability  and  cn- 
cr^y.  Shortly  after  the  l»e<^iiiniii«r  of  the  Revohitionary 
War,  he  went  to  New  York,  and  en}i;a<j!;ed  in  the  British 
service  as  a  hearer  of  military  despatches  on  both  sea 
and  land,  with  the  rank  of  Captain.  At  the  close  of 
the  war  in  ITH.'i,  in  company  with  many  other  Loyalists, 
he  left  the  United  States  and  sought  a  home  in  Nova. 
Scotia.  Me  was  allowed  a  pension  of  £96  a  year,  and 
had  talent  enouiih  to  win  success  anywhere.  But  not 
tinding  in  Ilalilax  an  opening  that  was  congenial  to  his 
energy  and  arnhiiion,  Jind  desiring  if  possible  to  assist 
his  companions  in  exile,  he  left  that  city  an<l  with  104 
others  sailed  in  a  small  vessel  to  St.  Stephen.  They 
landed  June  24,  1784,  in  front  of  the  present  "Porter 
house,"  and  pitched  their  tents  along  the  shore,  from 
thence  to  Marks'  Corner. 

Having  assisted  his  companions  in  building  log 
houses  and  making  other  needful  i)reparations  for  the 
coming  Winter,  Captain  Marks  returned  to  Halifax  to 
obtain  from  Governtnent  if  possible  a  Grant  of  land  and 
such  other  assistance  as  his  people  might  require.  He 
was  successful.  King  George  III.,  being  anxious  to 
have  his  remainijig  North  American  territory  well  peo- 
pled, willingly  granted  to  each  actual  settler,  100  acres 
of  land,  a  generous  supply  of  farming  tools  and  build- 
ing materials,  and  regular  army  rations  for  three  years. 
Not  iong  after,  the  Royal  agents,  Messrs.  Jones  and 
Morrison  surveyetl  and  laid  out  the  land  into  village 
lots  and  hundred  acre  farms  ;  and  one  of  these  was  given 
to  each  man  residing  in  town. 

The  colonists  were  new  fairly  and  pleasantly  lo- 
cated, and  their  future  prosperity  seemed  to  be  assured. 
Before  their  rations  ceased,  they  would  have  abundant 


'I 

I' 

:> 


nONEKHS. — ST.    STKPIIEN. 


27 


[ind  (Mi- 
[itionnrv 
'  IJritish 
K)tli  sea 
close  of 
)yalists, 
n  Nova, 
'ar,  and 
But  not 
itl  to  his 
o  assist 
ith  104 
.  They 
''I*orter 
e,    from 

ing  log 
for  the 
lil'ax  to 
md  and 
e.  lie 
ions  to 
11  peo- 
0  acres 
build- 
years. 
s  and 
Ivillage 
given 

|tly  lo- 
jsured. 
indaut 


I 

i 
1 


time  to  fell  the  trees,  prepare  the  soil  and  raise   a    sup- 
ply of  food.     Dut  seri«)us  obstacles    were   in    the    way. 
Some  of  the  nien  had  been  in  the  army  long  enough    to 
accjuire  a  decided  distaste    for    the   steady    hal)its    and 
hard  labor  needed  in  clearing  the  laud   and   cultivating 
the  soil.     Others  were  unacquainted  with  that   kind   of 
business,  and  therefore  able   to   accomplish    but    little, 
even   though    diligiMit.     Others  were  intemperate   and 
therefore  worse  than  useless  citiz(nis.     The    supply   of 
rations  seemed  to  render  immediate  industry  nnd  econ- 
omy unnecessary.     Three  careless  yeiirs  pjissed   away; 
the  rations  ceased,  and  hard  times  began.     Little    pro- 
vision had  been  made    for  this    inevitable   emergency  ; 
the  improvident  peoi)le  had  but  a  small  amount  of  mon- 
ey or  means  to  purchase  supplies,  and  no  good    market 
was  near.  Haggard  destitution  soon  set  in.     Fooil,  rai- 
ment, tools,  glass,  nails,   furniture,    became  alarmingly 
scarce   and  dillicult  to  obtain.     Of  course,   m   this  pri- 
vation, there  was  much  sutlering,  sickness  and  discour- 
agement. 

But  ''necessity  is  the  mother  of  invention"  and  the 
spur  to  activity.  By  the  skillful  use  of  wooden  pegs, 
comfortable  houses  and  furniture  were  constructed 
without  nails.  In  the  absence  of  leather,  shoes  were 
made  of  the  raw  hides  taken  from  the  shanks  of 
moose  and  deer.  The  hunter  and  the  lisher  brought  in 
food.  Farming  began  in  earnest,  and  soon  yieldcnl  a 
fair  return.  Flax  was  raised  and  wool  grown,  and  both 
were  manufactured  by  the  thrifty  women  into  cloth  and 
garments.  The  lumbering  business  began  to  be  pushed 
with  vigor,  and  vessels  came  with  merchandize  to  bart- 
er for  the  timber.  The  faithful  ministry  of  Rev.  Dun- 
can M' Coll,  imparted   religious   hope  and   faith;    and 


T 


28 


PK'NKKKS. — ST.    STKPIIKN'. 


sloNvly  tlio  Settlement  became  self-sustaiuinyj  and  liopo- 
ful. 

The  first  sale  of  real  estate  took  place  in  1785. 
Avhen  Jacob  Libbey  sold  his  farm  extendinu;  from  the 
Brid<i;e  to  Main  Street,  and  ))erha[)s  t'urtljer  down,  to 
Nehemiah  Marks,  for  1*2."),  in  money,  a  barrel  of  beef 
and  a  barrel  of  pork.  The  land  is  nov  valued  several 
hundred  times  liiohci- ;  hut  Libbey  was  in  need  of  funds 
and  food,  and  probably  felt  satisjled    with    his   bargain. 

With  our  well  supplied  markets  on  every  side. 
where  every  needf\il  commodity  is  kept  for  sale,  it  is 
dhiicult  for  us  to  realize  the  many  deprivations  and  con- 
secpient  trials  of  a  n(;w  and  isolated  settlement.  In 
those  earh'  days,  fish  and  venison  were  plenty,  l)ut  often 
almost  uneatable  for  want  of  salt.  It  was  therefore  a 
very  joyful  day  when  Capt.  Robert  Pao^on  arrived  at 
St.  Stephen  with  a  small  cargo  of  salt ; — the  tlrst  ever 
imported  Tradition  has  not  preserved  the  date,  but 
the  auspicious  event  could  not  be  forgotten.  How  nice 
it  was.  and  how  grateful  these  poor  people  were,  to 
have  their  potatoes  and  fisn  or  moose  beef,  seasoncil 
with  salt ! 

In  addition  to  the  persons  already  mentioned  in 
these  annals,  the  following  list  of  names  is  copied  froin 
old  account  books  kindly  loaned  the  author  by  O.  I\I. 
Porter  Esq.,  kept  in  the  store  of  his  father,  Josei)h 
Porter,  at  Ferry  Point,  Calais,  from  17S8  to  1791.  Tt 
was  probably  the  first  store  in  the  vicinity,  and  it  re- 
ceived the  patroiuige  of  the  entire  conr?iunity.  Few  of 
the  people  at  that  time  had  much  reatly  mone}' ;  and 
hence  as  many  as  could,  bought  goods  on  credit,  and 
therefore  their  names  api)car  in  Mr.  Porter's  day-books. 
The  settlements  had  no  Icijal  names  and  none  arc  Ibund 


I 


IMONKKIJS. ST.    STKIMII'.N 


2!) 


11(1  hope- 

11    J  785, 
roiii    the 
own,    tu 
of  beef 
several 
of  fuiuls 
hargaiii. 
ly    side, 
e,    it    is 
111(1  eoii- 
Mit.     In 
lilt  often 
re  fore  a 
ived    at 
st  ever 
te,    hut 
o\v  nice 
ere,    to 
Misoned 

•lied  in 
nl  from 
(J.  M. 
Jose[)Ii 

In.    Tt 

it  re- 
^'ew  of 
and 
t,  and 
books. 

bund 


in  the  store  records  ;  but  his  customers  doui)tless  in 
eluded  nearly  all  the  people  on  each  side  of  the  St. 
Croix,  from  Bailevville  to  Uobbiiiston,  includiiiii  the 
parishes  of  St.  James  and  St.  David.  The  earl}"  edu- 
cation of  these  pioneers  liad  in  many  instances  been 
sadly  neijlected.  Kach  one  knew  his  own  name,  but 
some  were  not  iu'(ju;iinted  witii  the  art  of  spellinu.  'JMic 
entry  clerk,  himself  not  a  Master  of  Arts,  adopted  the 
plioiiogra|)hic  style  of  spelling'  according  to  sound:  :ind 
his  careless  and  fade*]  i)enmans''p  is  in  some  [)laces 
almost  illegible.  As  nearly  as  possil)le  I  give  the  names 
as  he  wrote  them,  and  leave  the  readry  to  decide  for 
himself  whom  they  mean. 

In  178.S,  those  who  '■•got  trusted"  at  the  store  were 
Samuel  Andrews,  Nathaniel  Bailey,  John  Berry,  l)ea. 
Jacob  Boyden,  Benj.  Bradfoid,  Wm.  Bugbee,  Peter 
Butler,  John  Campbell,  Peter  Church,  Esq.,  Henry 
Collotf ,  John  Dyer(?)  James  Dyer,  Jones  Dyer,  Uol)ert 
Conners,  Thomas  Fitzsimons,  Thomas  Grace,  James 
Gozline,  David  Ilitchings,  ,Iohu  and  David  Johnson, 
Samuel  Jones,  Thomas  Lindsay,  John  Long,  Hugh 
MacKay,  Angus  McDonald,  Donald  McDougal,  John 
McKinsiy,  John  McPhail,  Alex.  McRa  Es(j.,  James 
IMcNab,  Hugli  Maleom,  David  Mowatt,  Samuel  I'ierce, 
Thomas  Pettigrove,  Francis  Pettigrove,  Joseph  Por- 
ter, AVilliam  Scott,  Abiel  Spragiie,  James  Sprague, 
AVm.  Swain,  Thos.  Tompkins,  Kobert  Watson,  and 
Thomas  Wire. 

hi  17<S!).  the  following  additional  names  are  found 
in  the  J)ay-book  : — 

Bray,  Brady,  John  H.  Brewer,  Henry  Brown,  Ks(j. 
Colin  Campbell,  Carlow,  John  Cooper,  Thos.  Delyder- 
iiier,  Dr.  Samuel  Emerson,  Kobert  Fawcett,  John  Fos- 
ter. Dr.  (iordoii,    Henry  Gouldsmith,  Eben    Greenlaw. 


ao 


rrf>\KKHS. — ST.    STKfMIKV. 


I 
I 


.loHOph  Ilnle.  Jolni  Ilainliii,  .Inmcs  Ilaimali.  Honjamin 
Henderson,  Ilnnipliroy,  Job  Johnson,  William  Kilby, 
.James  Lane,  Thomas  Lashnre,  Nin.  Lindsay,  William 
ALihee,  Jaeoh  Mabee,  IIn<i:h  McPliail,  Morrison.  Andrew 
.Murchie,  i\I(;('nllnm,  Jaeol)  Norwood,  Ehen  Owen, 
Alex.  Patterson,  Joseph  Parker,  Daniel  Kay,  A.  M, 
Siinpson,liarn;«  Simpson.  Daniel  Soames,  Daniel  Swett, 
Kd.  F.  and  N.  J.  Rohhins,  Wm.  Tower,  Matthew  Thorn- 
ton. Sanniel  Turner  and  Robert  Verder. 

In  171)0-1)1,   the   following    additional    names    are 
l'ou!id  in  Mr.  Porter's  Account  books  . — 

Thomas  Ball,  Lsaac  Bailey,  John  Barber,  John 
Bohannon,  Neal  Brown,  Jona.  Caldwell,  Hugh  Camp- 
bell, Geo.  and  Peter  Christie,  John  Colvin,  Roberson 
Crocker,  Silas  Cummins,  Joseph  Dunham,  John  Fair- 
banks, Alex.  Furguson,  Wm.  Frazier,  Moses  Fisk^ 
.lohn  and  Jeremiah  Frost,  B.  Getchell,  James  and  Wm. 
Grant,  Thomas  Grimmer,  John  Hall,  Martin  Hanian, 
John  Hasty,  Daniel,  Joseph,  and  Samuel  Hill,  Robert 
Hitchings,  .lohn  Hopps,  W^m.  Jackson,  Joseph  Lavvler, 
Robert  Livingstone,  John  Loyall,  Peter  McDarmed, 
Neal  McBean,  Rev.  Duncan  M'CoU,  Duncan  IVIeCullum, 
Daniel  McCormic,  James  Maxfield,  Thomas  Mitchell, 
.lohn  Murchie, Samuel  Millberry,James  and  .John  Noble, 
Robert  Pagon,  John  Pettigrove,  Abraham  Pine,  Benj. 
Pomroy,  Dennis  and  Miles  Post,  Angus  Rankins,  Capt. 
Ed.    Ross,    Sibley,     Mikel    Simpson,    James    Stewart, 

Stickney,  Ralph  Taylor,    Charles  Thomas,    Isaac  Tit- 
c<mib,  Tyler,  James  Thompson  and  .Tacob  Young. 

No  estimate  ot  the  population  of  St.  Stephen  can 
be  made  from  these  names,  as  (juite  a  number  of  the 
persons  mentioned  did  not  reside  in  this  Parish.  But 
if  the  tradition  is  truthful,  that  in  1790,  there  were  only 
sixteen  white  residents  in  Calais,  then  there  must   have 


r  I  ON  EKH  S . — ST .    ST  K  V 1 1 KN . 


31 


(•njamin 
Kilby, 
William 
Andrew 
I  Owen, 
A.  M. 
1  Swctt, 
r  Thorn - 

mes   are 

;r,  John 

I  (,'ainp- 

loborson 

HI    Fair- 

s    Fisk, 

1(1  Wm. 

Hainan, 

Robert 

Lawler, 

)armed, 

CuUum, 

litchell. 

Noble, 

Benj. 

,  Capt. 

tewart, 

Tit- 

in   can 

of  the 

But 

|re  only 

have 


boon  several  hundred  in  St.  Stephen  and  vicinitv.  In 
tact,  diirin<^  many  years,  the  English  town,  in  every 
re?pect  was  far  ahead  of  her  humble  American  sister. 
The  list  of  names  however- is  valuable  because  it  ap- 
proximately determines  the  date  of  the  settlement  of  the 
ancestors  of  many  persons  now  residing  in  this  part  of 

the  country. 

F'or  several  years  the  colony  appears  to  have   been 

destitute  of  domestic   animals.     The    first   oxen   were 

brought   from    Robbinston ;    the    date    uncertain.      A 

while  after.  Capt.  Marks  importcil  a  cow  from    Halifax. 

The  first  horse  ever  seen  in  town,  was    driven    into   St. 

Stephen,  in  1795,  by  Wm.  Moore  of  St.  David.     Robert 

Watson,  the  father  of  the    present  Bank   Cashier,   was 

the  first  owner  of  a  horse.     This  was  near  the  beginning 

of  the  present  century. 

William  Buchanan  whose  house  stood  near  the 
present  residence  of  F.  H.  Todd,  Esq.,  came  from  St. 
.lohn  in  1783,  and  engaged  in  getting  out ''King's  masts"  ; 
that  is,  tall,  straight  pine  trees  more  than  three  feet  in 
diameter.  Other  lumbermen  not  long  after  began  getting 
out  and  shipping  'Hon  timber"  ;  that  is,  large  pine  logs 
roughly  hewn  square.  Others  split  and  shaved  shingles 
for  exportation.  The  mill  on  Porter's  Stream,  manu- 
factured boards  and  deal.  In  a  few  years,  a  brisk  trade 
sprang  up  ;  and  the  often  returning  vessels  brought  an 
abundance  of  the  needed  merchandize. 

At  first  the  little  fleet  engaged  in  this  exporting 
and  importing,  were  owned  in  St.  Andrews,  St.  John 
and  elsewhere ;  but  in  1 797,  Alexander  Gooden  or 
(xolden,  built  a  small  schooner  in  St.  Stephen,  and  two 
years  later,  Joseph  Porter  built  another.  Tliese  were 
the  first  vessels  built  on  the  river  above  Robbinston. 

In  1800,  Capt.  N.  Marks  died.  And  here  properly 
ends  the  pioneer  age  of  St.  Stephen. 


:\-2 


SUUVKV    A\I>    SAr.K    OF    CALATS. 


V. 

SURVEY  AND  SALE  OF  CALAIS. 

WasIiinL?ton  Count v  wus  oi<z:!i!)i/o(l,  .June  2r)tli, 
17HD;  and  about  tliat  time,  by  order  of  the  Cleneral 
Court  of  Massachusetts,  liufus  Putnam  and  Park  Hol- 
land surveyed  and  divided  into  to\vnsliipr<,  a  hirgc  area 
of  territory  ])ordering  on  the  St.  Croix.  Tn  their  IMan, 
Calais  is  marked  No.  5  ;  and  this,  for  more  thfin  a  doz- 
en years,  was  its  only  legal  desionation.  The  tovvu- 
shij)  contained  19392  acres  of  linely  limbered  and  there- 
fore valuable  land.  Moreover,  it  was  for  sale  ;  and  a 
purchaser  soon  api)eared. 

June  27th,  17«9,  Nathauiel  Wells,  D.  Coney  and 
John  Reed,  a  committee  a[)pointed  by  the  General 
Court,  sold  Township  No.  5,  to  Waterman  Thomas  of 
Wahloborough,  IVIe.,  for  the  sum  of  G72£,  8s.  3d.,  pas- 
able  in  "Treasurer's  Orders."  The  deed  is  worth  pre- 
serving.    It  is  here  given  verbatim. 

"Know  all  men  by  these  presents,  that  we  the  un- 
dersigned, a  Committee  appointed  by  the  General  Court 
of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  and  by  the  re- 
solve of  said  Court,  authorized  and  empowered  to  sell 
and  dispose  of  the  unappropriated  lands  of  said  Com- 
monwealth, lying  within  the  counties  of  York,  Cmnber- 
land  and  Lincoln, — for  and  in  consideration  of  the  sum 
of  six  hundred  and  seventj-  two  pounds,  eight  shillings 
and  threepence,  on  (in?)  Treasurer's  orders,  agreeable 
to  a  Resolve  of  the  General  Court  aforesaid,  which  pass- 
ed, Mar.  9th.  1787,  paid  by  Waterman  Thomas  of  Wal- 


SrUVKY    AND    SALK    Ot^    CALAIS. 


38 


\( 


us  of 

pre- 

un- 
Court 
re- 
sell 
Com- 
111  ber- 

Slllll 

linos 
cable 
piiss- 


(lobor()ii<^li  in  the  county  of  Lincoln  and  Commonwealth 
nfoiesaid,  Es(niire,  the  receipt  whereof  we  do  hereby 
acknowledge,  have  j^ranted,  bargained,  sold  and  con- 
veyed, and  hy  these  pivsents  do  in  behalf  of  said  Com- 
monwealth, grant,  bargain,  sell  and  convey  unto  the 
said  Waterman  Thomas,  a  tract  of  land  in  the  aforesaid 
Commonwealth,  lying  within  the  County  of  Washing 
ton,  being  Townshii)  number  five,  bounded  as  follows, 
viz: — Beginning  at  a  spruce  tree  and  heap  of  stones, 
the  northeast  corner  of  number  Four,  standing  on  the 
west  shore  of  Schoodic  or  St.  Andrew's  Bay, — thence 
south  seventy  Degrees  West,  four  miles,  two  hundred 
Hcventy  one  rods  to  a  cedar  stump  and  stones — the 
corner  of  four  Townships  mentioned  under  numl>ers 
three  and  four, — thence  north  twenty  degrees  west,  five 
miles,  one  hundred  and  four  rods,  to  a  stake  and  stones 
on  the  southerly  bank  of  the  Schoodic  river,  thence 
down  the  middle  of  the  same  to  Schoorlic  bay  opposite 
the  Devil's  Head  so  called,  thence  southerly  by  the 
western  shore  of  Schoodic  bay,  to  the  first  mentioned 
bounds, — said  tract  containing  1031)2  acres,  reser^ing 
however,  to  each  settler  who  may  have  settled  on  said 
lands,  prior  to  Jan.  1st.  1784,  one  hundred  acres  of 
land,  to  be  laid  out  so  as  to  include  their  improvements 
and  be  least  injurious  to  the  adjoining  lands, — and  re- 
serving also  four  lots  of  320  acres  ea(;h  lor  })ublic  uses  ; 
— to  have  and  to  hold  the  before  gi*anted  and  bargained 
premises,  to  him  the  said  Waterman  Thomas,  his  heirs 
and  assigns  forever  ; — and  we  the  said  Committee,  in 
behalf  of  the  Commonwealth  aforesaid,  do  covenant  and 
agi-ee  with  the  said  Waterman  Thomas,  that  the  said 
Commonwealth  shall  warrant  and  defend  all  the  before 
granted  premises,  to  him  the  said  Waterman   Thomas, 


u 


SUUVKY    ASI)    SALK    OK    (At-Ars. 


his    heirs     ami     asHi<^ns     Ibivvcr,    a«j^ainsl    the    lawful 
chiiins  and  (leinaiuls  of  all  persons  whatever. 

In  witness  whereof,  we  the  said  Connnittee  have 
hereunto  set  our  hands  and  seals,  this  twenty-seventh 
day  of  .lune  in  the  year  ofour  J-.ord,  one  thousand  seven 
hundred  and  eighty  nine. 

Nathaniel  Wells,  I..  S. 

I).  Coney,  L.  S. 

.lohn  Reed,  L.  S. 

Ml.  Thomas,  within  a  few  years,  sold  one  half  the 
township  to  Shubael  Downes  of  Walpole,  Mass.,  one 
quarter  to  Edward  II.  Robbins  of  Milton,  Mass.,  and 
one  (piarter  to  Abiel  Woods.  Subsequently  Edmund 
Monroe  purehased  a  large  share  of  the  lands  belonging 
to  Messrs.  Downes  and  Woods.  These  were  the  original 
proprietors,  and  to  them  run  back  nearly  all  the  legal 
land  titles  in  the  City. 

At  first  the  proprietors'  shares  were  undivided  ; 
but  after  a  time,  Samuel  Jones  surveyed  the  township 
and  divided  the  land  into  fifty,  and,  in  some  instances, 
hundred  acre  lots.  Below  the  lower  Steamboat 
wharf,  the  lines  from  the  river,  run  S.  70  degrees  W.  ; 
above  that  point,  S.  45  degrees  W.  ;  and  these  remain 
the  courses  of  the  farm  lines  to  the  present  day. 


1 


.1 


riUMKVAL    A(JE.  — 1790   to    1«00. 


85 


VI. 

riilMEVAL  AGE.— 1790  t.o  180(). 

Thoro  is  a  tradition  tliat  in  1790,  Calais  had  only 
sixteen  white  inhabitants;  hut  few  as  there  were,  it  is 
impossible  at  present  to  ascertain  all  their  names.  The 
colony  however  was  lirnilv  establislied,  and  a<lditional 
settlers  came  in  every  year. 

Prominent  among  them  was  Capt. Jonathan  lvn:ght, 
who  came  from  Machias  about  1790.  His  farm  fronted 
the  river  at  Salmon  Falls,  and  his  hospitable  home  was 
near  the  angle  of  tlie  road  in  that  vicinity.  For  many 
3'ears  his  house  was  the  trysting  place  for  the  merry, 
and  a  sure  refuge  for  the  poor,  the  wear}'  and  the 
stranger. 

It  is  said,  and  with  some  probability,  that  Capt. 
Knight  fired  the  first  gun  in  the  first  naval  engagement 
of  the  Revolutionary  War.  Veritable  history  relates 
that  June  12th.,  1775,  the  brave  men  of  Machias  cap- 
tured in  their  harbor,  the  English  armed  scliooner  Mar- 
garetta,  after  a  sharp  conflict  with  musketry  and  b}' 
boarding,  in  which  five  Englishmen  and  two  Americans 
were  killed  and  several  others  wounded.  Capt.  Knight 
was  one  of  the  boarding  y^arty.  The  tradition  relates 
that  Capt.  O'Brien  the  commander  of  the  Americans, 
ordered  his  men  not  to  fire  till  they  could  see  the  en- 
emies' eyes.  As  they  approached  ih^  Margaretta,  Knight, 
whose  sight  or  imagination  was  stronger  than  his  com- 
panions', whispered  to  his  leader,  ''I  see  their  eyes." 
O'Brien  replied,  "then   fire;"  and  he  did.     It  was  the 


36 


PUIMKVAI.    A<iK.  — 171M)    to    IHOO. 


first  <jun.     The  imiskct,   a   "(^lU'cn's   arm,"    was   loii^ 
kept  ill  the  [aiiiily,  and  hIiowii  as  a  proud  incim'iito. 

Mr.  Kiiijj^ht  was  an  cncrjjjt'tic,  popular  and  pros- 
porous  citizen  of  Calais.  Ill' had  six  children;  Paul, 
Westbrook,  John,  George,  Ilenrv  and  Mrs.  Ljdia 
Jones.  They  have  all  ^one  thmi  earth  ;  but  many  of 
their  descendants  still  reside  in  town,  and  rank  as  jjrood 
citizens. 

The  ()ldest  son,  Paul  Kniifht,  spent  the  first  part 
of  his  niarrie*!  life  at  Knj^iishnian's  River  Settlement 
near  Machias.  lie  then  moved  to  Hobbinston,  and  re- 
mained there  several  years.  Before  IHOO,  he  came  with 
his  family  to  Calais,  and  settled  in  the  southeast  part 
of  the  town.  He  had  ei«ifht  children,  among  whom 
were  three  pairs  of  twins.  His  wife  was  Hannah  Whit- 
ney of  Jonesport.  Five  of  the  children  are  still  living, 
viz.  :  James,  Mrs.  Ann  Maria  IJradbury,  Mrs.  Emily 
Smith,  Mrs.  Calista  (Jriswold,  and  Mrs.  Mary  Emer- 
son. 

Sept.  5,  17i)2,  the  proprietors  sold  100  acres  of 
land  to  Thomas  Be.-ry.  This  is  the  first  sale  of  land 
for  a  farm,  of  which  1  have  found  any  record.  There 
were  few  if  any,  previous.  Soon  after,  John  Johnston 
and  Abigail  Sprague  bought  100  acres  each.  These 
people  probably  resided  for  a  time  on  their  land  ;  but  it 
is  diificult  to  trace  their  history. 

On  the  same  day  of  September  1792,  Thomas  and 
Francis  Pettigi'oye  of  Kittery,  Me.,  bought  each,  a  hun- 
dred acres  of  land  in  Calais,  and  soon  after  came  here 
to  reside.  Francis  located  near  the  Ledge,  and  Tl\()m- 
as,  on  Hinkley  Hill.  Piach  reared  resi)ectable  families. 
Francis  jr..  the  son  of  Thomas,  married  Mary  McCurdy 
of  Campobello,  and  remained  on  the  homestead   of  his 


rUlMKVM.    \(.V..  —  IT'.M)   to    Isoo. 


•  >  < 


TiitlKT.  lie  hud  M('v«'iit('»'ii  i-liildmi.  Icii  of  whom  liv.'(l 
to  jKliilt  :i,L;(',viz.  :— 'riioin:is,X('vil..Mrs.  ('aroliiu'  Slmit. 
IMrs.  Sanili  Colhv.  Mrs.  ("Iiarlottc  FosUt.  I-'iiukms. 
William,  Mrs.  Alii^ail  Smith  and  Mrs.  Lucy  H.  Smith 
who  still  iisidi'M  at  tin-  ohl  hoim'.  None  of  the  other.-, 
dwell  at  jU'eseiit  ill  Calais.  Some  of  Francis  l*ettiu,rove. 
.senior's  posterity  however  still  live  in  the  lower  part  of 
the  city  and  retain  the  Tamil v  name. 

Ananiah  Hohannon  and  wife  with  tlu'ii-  tw)  sons, 
John  and  Daniel,  came  IVom  Machias  and  setth  '  in 
Calais  at  an  early  date.     Their  home  was  near  tln'^p't 


where  the  Al>ner  Sawver  house  now  stanch 


ri 


lev 


j)ear  to  iiave  heen  moral,  active  and  nset'nl  citizens. 
Mrs.  Hoiiannon,  in  all  the  re}^ion  roimd,  was  often  »'m- 
ployecl  and  hij^hly  prized  as  a  midwife. 

Sept.  1),  17l>2,  .John  IJ<>hannon,  for  tlie  small  sum 
of  t'l"),  l)ou<;ht  of  K.  II.  Hohhins  a  hundred  a<'re  lot,  in 
what  is  now  the  iieart  of  the  City,  emhracini^  nt>arly  all 
the  husiness  part  of  Main  St.  In  the  Deed  there  was  a 
reservation  of  the ''rijiht  t(j  lay  out  a  road  four  rods 
wide,  across  the  same."  It  is  evident  there  were  then 
no  puhlic  hi«»;hways  in  the  Township  :  and  wild  land  was 
considered  of  small  value.  Cnaware  that  he  owned  the 
'  site  of  a  future  citv,  Mr.  liohannon  in  IVDO,  sold  his 
land  with  all  its  improvements,  to  Mr.  Rohliins,  for  one 
hundred  dollars.  Hut  still  likini^  the  location,  in  171)7 
he  rebought  one  half  the  lot,  and  continuecl  to  live  in 
his  oripnal  cahin. 

Daniel  Boi'.annon  settled  first  on  the  lot  now  occu- 
pied by  Hon.  Wiiliam  Duren  ;  Itut  that  tract  of  land 
havinjj"  been  reserved  for  the  benefit  of  the  town,  he 
made  for  himself  a  farm,  about  a  mile  furthei'down  liv- 
er.    He  had  seven  children.     His  vouny:est   sou,    Shu- 


T 


.■'»'^  I'Ui.MKVAL  A(;i:. —  17;m)  to   l.S0(). 

l>:i('I  I).  iiKin'!''<I  Mji.cin  Petti <i,r<)V('.  .'iiid  still  resides  on 
the  old  lioiiiestejid. 

Altout  the  sniiie  time.  Xjitluniiel  Uuilev  locjited  in 
the  sMiiie  iieiii-hltorhood  ;  Imt  Jil'terwnrd  moved  to  Hailev- 
vilh'.  Wiliijuii  llill  also  settletl  in  that  vicinit;-,  hut 
siihse({iieiitly  moved  to  the  i^edi^e  on  tlie  oi)[)osite  side 
ol"  tiie  ri\<'r. 

.lohn  and  James  Xohle  also  settled  in  the  lower 
pai't  of  the  town,  ahont  171)0.  Jamt's  died  in  early 
manhood:  hut  two  sons  of  John,  still  reside  in  town; 
— a<i"ed  and  resjieetahle  men. 

The  permanent  settlement  of'Townshi})  No.  5,  was 
now  etfeeted,  and  the  people  were  husily  at  work  in 
their  new  homes.  In  most  res[)e('ts  the  loeation  })roved 
to  he  excellent.  In  laruunu'.  Inniherinitj;,  huntinu"  or 
fisliinu'.  there  wus  plenty  of  em[)loyment,  and  the  lahor- 
er  was  sure  of  a  fair  ('omi)ensation  for  his  toil  and  skill. 
There  were-  no  exi)ensive  fashions  to  follow,  no  plaeeof 
costly  anmsement  to  visit,  and  with  one  sa<l  exception, 
no  easy  way  to  si)end  money  foolishly.  Land,  houses 
and  food  were  chea]).  and  fuel  cost  nothing'  hut  the  cut- 
tinu".  I*Mit  nearly  all  the  citizens  fully  believed  that 
ardent  s)>irit  was  essential  to  theii"  welfare  ;  and  hence 
many  scpiandered  in  rum,  the  fortunes  they  miuht  have, 
njade.  Very  little  cloth  or  ilour  a])pears  to  have  been 
bought.  The  following  price-current  of  the  articles  in 
common  use,  is  taken  from  Joseph  3*orter's  ledgers  from 
17.S.S-!)!. 

Indian  meah  i)r.  bush. 

Hye  *'  "     '^ 

Potatoes,  "     " 

Men's  shoes,  pr.  pair, 

Women's  ''     " 


£.    s. 

d 

6. 

6. 

1 

n. 

6 

6. 

5. 

I 


i 


?**'»fPm?J"'^MII.JII!!,««KI«4lill 


i'si(I(^s  on 

'CM ted  ill 
<>  B.'ii ley- 
lit;-,  hut 
iito    side 

U'  lower 
ill  e.'irly 
1    town  ; 

).  o,  wns 
work    ill 
1  proved 
itiiio-   or 
le  hd)or- 
iid  skill, 
phieeof 
•option, 
houses 
the  cut- 
Mi    that 
d  henee 
it    have 

• 

e  1)0011 
clos  in 
rs  from 
d. 


i». 


if. 


PHIMKVAL  a(;k.— 171)0  to   l.SOO.  ;};) 

IJuin.  pr.  iTul. 

Mohisses, 

Ton.         pr     ■■ 

Tobacco,  •' 

Suonr,       '■* 

Pork, 

Lard, 

IJuttor,      '* 

Candles.  " 

Salt  fisli.  •' 

Axes,  apiece, 
And  otlier  thinirs  in  i)roi)()rtion. 

In  those  days  there  was  no  ('lern:yinan,  T,a.wyei'  or 
Doctor  in  the  settleniont ;  nor  any  Clnnvh.  corpciration 
or  institution.  \o  elections  wore  held,  no  troops  pji- 
rade('.  no  oflic;-r  exercised  authority,  no  court  sat ;  hut 
<'vory  one  did  what  to  hiin  sooined  best.  Yet  law  and 
order  prevailed,  (riondshij)  jrrew,  peace  and  love  wei-e 
oiijoyed,  and  the  Schoodic  Valley  <rained  the  reputation 
ofbeino-  ;,  Itackwoods  Eden.  And  the  number  of  its 
inhabitants  oTaduallv  increased. 


3 

6. 

2 

6. 

3 

4. 

1. 

9. 

8. 

1. 

1. 

1. 

8. 

n 

8. 

). 


40 


ORGANIZATION. — IHOO    to    1810. 


VII. 

OROANIZA  TION.—\ 800  to  18 1 0. 

Hitherto  tlioro  had  been  no  policy  adopted  in  Cal- 
ais, and  no  organization  atteni[)ted.  There  were  not 
more  than  a  hundred  inhabitants  in  the  Township;  but 
some  of  them  were  I'nerjijetie  and  tar-seeini!;,  and  a  hiiih- 
er  state  of  society  was  inevitable.  Symptoms  of  a  iioi)e- 
ful  progress  now  became  manifest  in  various  ways. 

Jarius  Keene,  a  ship  builder  from  Duxbury,  Mass. 
located  in  Calais  al>ont  the  year  bSOl,  and  in  1H03  laid 
the  keel  of  the  first  vessel  built  in  the  Township.  It 
was  the  Liberty,  a  small  schooner: — the  lieginning  of 
a  large  and  pro<ital)le  business,  still  carried  on.  Mr. 
Keene  soon  became  a  leading  and  verv  useful  citizen  ; 
and  whether  in  his  ship-yard,  at  church,  in  Town-meet- 
ing or  at  the  head  of  a  Military  company,  he  never  fail- 
ed to  do  hii^  duty. 

In  1802  or  ;},  Peter  Christie,  Abner  Hill  &  Co.,  of 
St.  Stephen  erected  a  Saw-mill  at  Stillwater,  now  ^lill- 
town,  which  irom  the  ra[)idity  of  its  movement  was  nam- 
ed the  ''Brisk  mill."  This  at  once  gave  new  life  and 
interest  to  that  part  of  the  town.  Oth'M-  mills  were  soon 
after  erected  at  the  same  place,  and  lumbering  on  the 
St.  Croix  began  in  earnest.  Workmen  thronged  to  that 
locality,  and  "death  to  the  trees,"  rang  loud  and  sharp 
from  hundreds  of  whirling  axes.  The  clang  and  rattle 
of  the  ?nills  were  incess.Tiit.  Vessels  came  from  Boston 
and  other  distant  ports,  to  bring  merchandize,  and  to 
carry  back  timber,  [)lank,  boards  and  shingles.     Money 


OUOANIZATIOX. — 1800     to     1810. 


41 


too  poured  into  the  place,  and  enchanting  visions  of 
wealth  dawned  on  the  minds  of  tlie  })eoi)le.  Rumor  ol" 
this  thritt  spread  abroad,  and  the  great  eonnnerciai 
world  began  to  speak  ol'  Schoodic  with  interest  and  re- 
spect. 

About  the  same  time,  tliat  is,  al)out  the  beginning 
of  the  present  century,  .Stephen  Brewer,  Esq., of  Boston, 
became  a  citizen  of  Township  No.  T),  and  was  immedi- 
ately and  justly  assigned  to  hiiihrank  in  society.  This 
intellectual,  wealthy  and  influential  man  was  the  first 
resident  that  ex})orted  lumber,  the  lirst  Justice  and  Post- 
master in  the  place  ;  and  he  presided  at  the  first  Town 
meeting,  introduced  the  first  wagon  and  fitted  u\)  the 
first  Church.  His  home  was  near  the  corner  of  Main 
and  North  Milltown  streets.  In  1804,  he  married  So- 
phia Hill  of  Machias,  who  as  Mrs.  Knight  is  still  living, 
and  to  whom  I  am  indebted  for  valuable  information. 
They  had  but  one  child,  Nanc}'  A.,  who  married  Wm. 
Spring,  and  moved  to  California.  Mr.  Brewer  died  iii 
1H14.  The  next  year  his  widow  received  from  friends 
in  Boston,  a  Chaise, — the  first  one  that  ever  graced  the 
streets  of  Calais. 

Shubael  Downes  Jr.,  a  son  of  one  of  the  original 
proprietors  came  to  Calais  in  1803  or  4,  to  manage  thf 
affairs  of  his  inheritance.  He  was  full  of  energy  and 
enterprise.  He  built  and  kept  the  first  hotel, — a  smart 
appearing  mansion  near  the  corner  of  INIain  and  Church 
streets.  He  l)uilt  and  run  at  Milltown  the  first  Grist- 
mill. He  built  the  second  vessel  on  the  American  side 
of  the  river.  In  1805,  he  organized  a  militia  company 
and  was  elected  cai)tain  ;  and  with  a  small  band  of  his 
soldiers,  a  few  years  after,  cut  out  and  rescued  an  A- 
merican  vessel  in  St.  Andrews  Bay,  that  had  been  seized 


1-2 


<H{(iANIZATH>N.- 


1800 


U) 


IHIO. 


by  an  En<!;lisli  nriiu-d  ship.  Tlio  first  Town  iiiootiii*^  Avas 
held  at  his  Inn.  Hut  his  iu'othors,  Jolin  and  (ieorge, 
havin<i;  fonio  to  help  take  eare  of  tlieir  land  i)ro))ertv^ 
Slinl)ael.  heconiinji;  dissatisfied  willi  tliis  cold  eastern 
countrv,  removed  to  Pennsylvania  witii  his  faniiiy  soon 
al'ter  the  close  of  the  War  of  1812-15,  and  there  died. 

In  1805,  Clement  Lane,  (the  son  of  Capt.  Daniel 
Lane  of  Amherst,  Mass.,  a  brave  soldier  and  oflicer  in 
the  American  army  of  the  Revolution,)  migrated  to  this 
city  and  located  at  Mi lltovvn.  lie  built  and  dwelt  in 
the  house  now  occupied  by  Wm  Brooks.  During  the 
VV^inter  of  that  year,  1805-G,  in  eoini)any  witli  Daniel 
Rhoades,  he  built  for  Wm.  Vance^F]sq.,tlie  first  Saw-mill 
in  Baring.  His  aged  widow  is  yet  living  in  Minnesota, 
and  two  of  his  sons,  Clement  and  Maltiah,  reside  at  Red 
Beach. 

Maj.  P^benezer  Reading  located  in  Calais  in  1805, 
and  became  a  highly  respected  and  influential  citizen. 
He  married  Rebecca  Hill  who  is  still  living,  and  from 
her  I  have  received  valuable  information  for  this    work. 

In  1806,  Township  No.  5,  by  an  Act  of  the  Legis- 
lature and  in  accordance  with  the  wishes  of  its  people, 
received  the  name  of  Calais.  Tliis  name  was  given 
perhaps  as  an  offset  to  that  part  of  St.  Stephen  called 
Dover  Hill.  Gratefully  remembering  the  timely  assist- 
ance given  b}'  Lafayette  and  his  brave  companions  dur- 
ing the  Revolutionary  War,  the  American  people  cher- 
ished a  warm  sympathy  for  France  ;  and  this  s^'mpath}'^ 
found  a  very  appropriate  expression  in  giving  the  name 
of  a  frontier  city  in  France  to  a  border  town  of  the  Un- 
ited States.  Tt  is  greatl}'^  to  be  regretted  that  the  peo- 
ple on  the  other  side  of  the  river  did  not  take  the  hint, 
and  adopt  the  equally  pretty  and    appropriate    name  of 


■  Y'  .  :=•);:; a*., i3^sr'.vni..r:!;-L-a<;^-'*a;£3;*.i.-ai3a.i-<ttV3 


fmr.ANIZATION-.  — IHOO    to    ISIO. 


4a 


Dover,  instead  of  the  nneiiphonious  though  pious  t'ogno- 
:r\en  of  Saint  Stephen. 

The  same  year,  180G,  Wni.  Pike  of  Wiseasset,  Me., 
and  his  second  wife,  Hannali  Sheppard,  l»ecanie  citizeiis 
of  Calais.  Tlieir  iionie  was  near  the  river  l)Mnk  in  the 
rear  of  Yon ng's  Hotel.  From  the  tirst,  Mr.  Pike  was 
one  of  tlu'  most  able,  active  and  efticient  managers  of 
public  affairs.  His  name  is  on  almost  every  i)age  of 
the  Town  Records,  as  long  as  he  lived.  Hut  in  an 
evil  day.  July  1,  1H18,  while  on  his  wa}'  to  Eastport  in 
an  open  l)oat,  to  celebrate  the  restoration  of  Moose  Isl- 
and by  the  English,  Mr.  Pike  fell  overboard  and  was 
drowned.  His  three  sons,  Fred.  A.,  James  S.,  and 
Charles, thus  earl^^  left  to  orphanage  and  indigence, have 
done  honor  to  his  ineinor}'  and  to  the  city,  as  financiers, 
writers  and  statesmen. 

From  year  to  year,  other  families  moved  in,  child- 
ren were  born  and  business  increased,  till  the  need  of 
an  organization  to  raise  mone}',  construct  highways, 
support  schools  and  take  care  of  the  poor,  began  to  be 
clearl}^  perceived.  Accordingly' a  petition  was  sent  to 
the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  and  an  Act  grant- 
ing the  power  to  incorporate  the  town,  was  passed  by 
the  Legislature  and  approved  by  the  Governor,  June  15, 
1801).  The  warrant  calling  the  first  Town  meeting,  was 
issued  by  Oliver  Shedd.  Esq.,  of  Eastport,  and  served 
by  Stephen  Brewer.  It  was  held  Jnly  31,  1809,  "at  the 
Inn  of  Capt.  Shubael  Downes,"  and  the  following  offi- 
cers were  elected  : — 

Moderator. — Stephen  Brewer. 

Clerk. — William  Griggs. 

Treasurer. — Stephen  Brewer. 

Selectmen. — VVilHam  Pike,  Jarius  Keeue,  F'raucis 
Pettigrove. 


44  OUOANtZATION.  — 1800    to    1810. 

C  OLLECTOR. — Thomas  Pettigrove,  Sr.    . 

Constables. — Jones  Dyer,  Jr.,  Win.  Griggs. 

IIuiiiwAY  SuiiVEYORs. — Joimtlmu  Knight,  Jnrius 
Keene,  John  Boliannon,  Sr.,  Jones  Dyer,  Sr.,  Simeon 
Elliott. 

Surveyors  of  Lumber. — Joseph  Prescott,  Daniel 
Rhoade.s,  William  Sherman. 

Fence  Viewers. — Jarius  Keene,  Francis  Pettigrove, 
William  Pike. 

II<)(;  Reeves. — Nathan  Foss,  Shiibael  Downes, 
Win.  Pike,  Eli  Russell,  Thomas  Hill,  Paul  Knight,  Wm. 
Griggs,  Stephen  Brewer. 

Thus  the  political  life  of  the  town  began.  Half 
the  voters  were  elected  to  oflice ;  though  some  probably' 
in  sport.  We  can  hardly  imagine  swine  enough  to  re- 
quire the  legal  supervision  of  eight  athletic  Hog  Reeves  ; 
but  the  list  shows  us  the  names  of  the  wide-awake  men 
of  the  day.     Alas  !  not  one  of  them  is  now  living. 

But  officers  were  not  enough  for  the  exigency. 
Work  was  needed.  Another  Town  meeting  was  held 
So[)t.  14,  1809,  in  which  it  was  '•'•voted  to  accept  the 
roa<l  just  laid  out  from  vStillwater  (Milltown)  to  Ferry 
Point,  and  from  thence  down  river  to  the  Ledge."  It 
is  fair  to  infer  that  previous  to  this  time,  there  were  no 
highways,  and  no  roads  for  the  traveller  but  bridle 
paths  in  Summer,  and  logging  roads  in  Winter.  In 
•  tiiese,  on  horseback,  on  rude  sleds,  but  more  generally 
on  foot,  the  har<ly  settlers  had  managed  to  get  along 
foi^  thirty  years.  But  a  new  age  had  come,  and  hence- 
forth e^erybody  and  ever3'thing  was  to  go  faster  and 
easier. 

During  this  decade,  St.  Stephen  had  also  made 
8ome  progress.     Good   schools  had   been  established, 


OKGANIZATION. 1800     to     1810. 


4r> 


and  good  Mcagistrates  appointed  ;  some  of  tlie  old  citi- 
zens had  died,  and  nianv  new  ones  had  come.  The 
people  generally  were  gathering  more  property  and 
gaining  a  better  foothold.  There  was  a  marked  im- 
provement in  the  streets,  houses,  raiment  and  style  of 
living.  Still  there  was  much  intemperance  and  pov. 
erty ;  and  as  a  whole,  the  place  retained  many  of  its 
original  features  and  characteristics. 

The  Spring  of  1804,  was  very  sickly,  and  manj- 
persons  died  ;  among  whom  were  Robert  Moore  and 
Mrs.  Benjamin  Getchcll ;  the  latter,  one  of  the  very  first 
settlers  and  Rev.  D.  M'CoU's  lirst  converts.  The  same 
year,  1804,  a  small  colony  of  emigrants  from  the  High- 
lands of  Scotland  came  and  settled  on  what  iias  ever 
since  been  called  "Scotch  Ridge."  They  were  moral, 
industrious  and  thrifty.  They  brought  with  them  their 
national  religion  and  the  Bible  in  their  mother  tongue  ; 
and  as  they  had  nu  minister  of  their  own,  and  man}-  of 
them  did  not  understand  English,  Rev.  Mr.  M'Coll  oc- 
casional! v  preaclied  to  them  in  Gaelic.  They  were 
Presbyterians  and  the  founders  of  the  Kirk  on  the  'Ridge,' 
where  until  recently,  service  has  been  conducted  at  least 
a  part  of  each  Su»»day,  in  the  Highland  dialect.  Indi- 
rectly the  l*resi\vterian  Church  in  St.  Stephen  owes  its 
origin  to  this  colony  of  Highlan<lers. 

In  1806,  an  attempt  was  made  to  erect  a  Meeting 
House  for  Rev.  D.  M'Coll,  large  enough  to  accommo- 
date all  the  church-going  people  cf  the  place.  The  proj- 
ect having  failed  for  want  of  funds,  a  petition  numer- 
ously signed  was  sent  to  the  Bishop  of  Fredericton, 
asking  that  a  Minister  of  the  Anglican  Church  be  sent 
for  their  spiritual  guidance  and  edification.  The  petition 
was  granted,  and  Rev.  Richard  Clarke  came  ;  and  under 


46 


oii(;anization.— 1«00  to   I«10. 


I118  direction,  Episcopacy  gained  a  footinir  in  St.  Stepli- 
en,  and  Clirist's  Church  was  founded.     Thus  St.  Steph- 
en was  blessed  with  two  ministers  and    two   churches 
while  Calais  had  none.  * 


r 


sthi;(j<;lk  kop   lifk. — 1810  to  1H20. 


47 


VIII. 

^'STItUGGLE  FOR  LIFE:'— IHIO  t.o  1820. 

Calais  is  an  irregularly  shaped  strip  of  land  border- 
ing on  the  south-west  side  of  the  St.  Croix  river,  be- 
tween Barin<^  and  Robbinston.  The  soil  near  the  river 
is  fertile,  and  some  of  the  land  in  the  centieof  the  town 
might  be  cultivjited  with  profit.  It  can  never  become 
much  of  a  farming  town  ;  but  its  harbor  and  water  pow- 
er may  render  it  a  large  city.  The  population  in  1810 
was  about  250,  and  they  were  all  certain  that  the  place 
was  destined  to  grow  largely. 

The  population  was  composed  mostly  of  families 
of  limited  means,  dwelling  in  poor,  small  houses,  in 
little  openings  in  the  fores^,,  not  far  from  the  margin  of 
the  river,  all  the  way  from  Robbinston  to  Baring.  There 
were  no  good  roads,  no  school  houses,  no  churches,  no 
banks,  and  not  much  money,  in  town  ;  but  there  were 
strong  hands,  brave  hearts  and  iron  wills ;  and  with 
these  began  the  long,  hard  struggle  for  civilized  life. 

At  the  first  regular  Spring  Town-meeting,  held  as 
before  at  the  Inn  of  Capt.  Shubael  Downes,  April  2, 
1810,  nearly  all  the  officers  of  the  preceedingyera- were 
reelected.  In  addition  however,  Wm.  Pike,  Jarius 
Keene  and  Jones  Dyer  were  chosen  School  Committee, 
and  Ephraim  Sands  was  elected  one  of  the  Constables. 
It  was  also  ''voted  to  raise  S650,  for  the  support  of 
schools  and  to  pay  other  town  expenses."  This  was 
the  first  tax  ever  levied  in  the  place  ;  and  taking  into 
consideration  the  poverty  of  the  people,   it   was   by   no 


r 


4ft  STKUOflLE    FOR    MFK. — 1^10    (o   1820. 

moans  a  sinrill  ono.  Tliore  soerns  to  liave  been  some 
(lonht  of  its  l)('iii<;  paid  promptly,  for  AVm.  Griggs  tlie 
Collector, was  allowed  as  a  remuneration,  six  per  cent. on 
all  the  money  lie  collected.  It  is  pleasant  to  notice  that 
true  to  the  grand  Puritan  idea,  the  tirst  dollar  voted  by 
the  town,  was  for  free  i)ublic  schools.  The  pioneers 
may  liave  been  illiterate,  but  the}'  realized  the  priceless 
value  of  education,  and  wisely  inaugurated  the  means 
to  maUe  their  children  intelligent,  manly  and  happy. 

One  thousand  dollars,  ($1000)  were  ako  voted  for 
the  making  ami  improvement  of  highways,  to  be  paid 
in  labor.  The  wages  allowed  per  da}-,  were  for  a  man, 
9s.  a  pair  of  oxen,  (Is.  a  plow,  3s.  an<l  a  cart,  3s.  Tak- 
ing into  account  the  dozen  miles  of  wretched  roads  in 
town,  and  the  natural  tendency  of  most  men  not  to  hur- 
ry when  working  for  the  public,  il  is  safe  to  infer  that 
the  highways  were  but  little  improved  by  this  expendi- 
ture. 

Along  with  the  interest  in  the  noble  cause  of  edu- 
cation, arose  a  corresi)onding  zeal  lor  religion.  There 
were  no  settled  pastors  in  town  :  but  wandering  Evan- 
gelists occasionally  came  along  to  ''preach  the  gospel 
to  the  poor."  And  "to  preserve  order  during  public 
worship,  and  to  enforce  a  proper  observance  of  the 
Sabbath,  Jarius  Keene,  Shubael  Downes  and  Simeon 
Eliott  were  elected  Tythingmen."  If  this  was  not  a 
grim  burlesque,  it  shows  another  devout  streak  of  Pu- 
ritanism. 

At  this  meeting,  the  following  votes  were  cast  for 
Governor  : — Klbridge  Gerry,  35  ;  Christopher  Gove,  5  ; 
Wm.  Gray,  2  ;  Daniel  Cobb,  1  ;  total  43.  These  were 
probably  about  all  the  voters  in  the  place ;  and  the}' 
were  nearly  all  Jeltersonian  Democrats. 


STUnWJLK    FOU    LIFK.  —  IHll)  to    1<S2(). 


!!• 


Ata 'rowii-iuL'i'tino-  1h»1(1  ,hily  .'50.    I^IO,    n    Health 


(  oiniiuttcc  was   clioscii 


Tl 


UTc    was    no   pliysician    ni 


town  ;  Uut  Mickncss  wmh  prevalont,  and  auepplemic;  was 
feared.  Tlio  ('(»n)initteo  did  its  duly,  and  llie  pla<:;ne 
did  not  come. 

At  another  Town-inettin«i  held  Nov.  ."),  is  10.  to 
vote  for  a  Representative  to  Congress,  liaizillai  CJannett 
liad  eleven  ballots,  and  Tla^iias  Kice,  three.  The  nov- 
elty of  votinu"  had  worn  oil';  nian\  of  the  men  were  Ims- 
ily  at  work  in  the  woods  ;  and  political  feeling  was  be- 
low zero. 

Already  the  atlairs  of  the  new  town  began  to  lie 
somewhat  c'omi)lieated,  and  to  make  things  run  smooth- 
ly, more  money  was  needed.  A  happy  expedient  was 
aueordingly  devised.  At  a  Town-meeting,  held  at  the 
house  of  Wm.  (iriggs,  Jan.  12,  LSli,  Jones  Dyer,  Jr., 
Josei)h  Whitney  and  Paid  Knight  were  chosen  a  Com- 
mittee to  petition  the  Legislature  "to  grant  to  the  town 
of  Calais  tlie  public  lands  reserved  in  said  town."  The 
rtnancial  relict  thus  sought,  if  obtained,  would  have 
been  very  small  and  temporary  ;  tlu»  re(iuest  therefore 
was  probably  not  granted.  The  young  town  was  left  to 
prove  its  woith  and  strength  by  paying  its  own  bills. 

Near  the  commencement  of  this  decade,  in  the 
year  1810,  a  startling  and  painful  episode  roused  to 
intense  excitement  the  hitherto  peaceful  settlement.  In 
the  edge  of  Kobbinston,  a  little  below  Calais  and  a  mile 
or  moi-e  b  ick  from  the  St.  Croix,  there  is  a  pretty  sheet 
of  w  atev  called  "Money  JMaker's  Lake  ;"  and  on  its  shore, 
the  tragedy  began,  in  a  very  quiet  manner. 

One  day  while  Samuel  Jones  was  engaged  in  trac- 
ing the  boundary  lines  of  former  land  surveys,  he  unex- 
pectedly discovered  two  men  encamped  near  the  margin 


if) 


sTiM«i<JiJ-:   FOK   I, in:. — IHIO  to  IM20. 


I 


of  tlir  .'iliovc  inPiitioiKMl  Inkc,  iiKliistrioiisly  at  work, 
ni'iimriichiriii}!  conntorfcit  silver  nioncy.  (Jicatly  a- 
iMnncfl  at  thus  lu'ii'.j^  fa'  '-*  while  oceupied  in  their  iin- 
lawfiil  i'tnployineDt,  and  iwQ  no  other  way  to  escape 
exposure  and  punishment,  they  oft'ere*!  Mr.  Jones  five 
hundred  iht'lars,  if  he  would  not  divulge  their  secret. 
Jones,  prompted  partly  by  fear  and  partly  hy  his  love  of 
money,  aeeeptt'd  the  proposal.  A  contract  tothiseirect 
having  heen  made  in  writing  and  signed  with  hlood 
drawn  from  his  own  hand,  he  pocketed  the  bribe  and 
lt?ft  them  to  continue  their  nefarious  business. 

liut  a  man  who  can  be  Dought,  is  seldom  worthy  of 
confidence.  Mr.  Jones  soon  exposed  the  counterfeiters, 
and  a  warrant  was  issr  '  for  their  arrest.  Among 
those  who  went  to  serv  -^  precept,  was  Mr.  John 
Downes,  a  highly  respected  citizen  of  Calais,  and  a  son 
of  one  of  the  original  proprietors  of  the  town.  The 
party  found  a  Mr.  Ball,  one  of  the  monc}'  makers,  near 
the  edge  of  Hobbinston  ;  and  while  trying  to  arrest  him, 
he  discharged  a  gun,  and  Mr.  Downes  fell  to  the  ground, 
dead.  lie  and  Ball  are  said  to  have  been  personal 
friends  ;  and  it  is  possible  that  the  bullet  intended  for 
Jones,  was  accidentally  tired  at  Mr.  Downes.  The  fu- 
neral of  the  nmrdered  man  was  attended  by  all  the  cit- 
izens of  C^alais  ;  and  the  poor  cold  corpse  sadly  laid  to 
rest  in  M 'Coil's  cemetery.  Ball  was  carried  to  Castine, 
where  the  Courts  for  Washington  county  were  then  held, 
tried  for  murder,  convicted  and  hanged  ;  though  not  a 
few  people  on  second,  sober  thought,  came  to  the  con- 
clusion, that  he  was  only  guilty  of  homicide.  Thus  end- 
ed the  tragedy  ;  but  the  name  of  the  lake  will  ever  re- 
main a  suggestive  memento  of  the  melancholy  story. 
The  wife  of  Ball  is  still  living  in  this  city. 


m^mi 


STUUr.(JLK    FOR    LIFK.  —  I^IO    to   iM'iO.  51 

At  tlic  aiimml  T()\vn-im'('tiu}j:,  April  1,  IHll,  held 
In  the  Hchool  room  in  Mr.  (Jri^j^'s  house,  Milltown, 
most  of  the  oflleers  of  tlie  town  were  reeUrted.  (ieo. 
S.  Smitli  re<'eive(l  twenty-five  voles  for  County  Treiis- 
urer  and  I{e«;ister  of  Deeds  ;  and  tliat  prohaldy  was  a- 
Itout  tlie  numher  of  voters  presiMit  at  thi*  meetin;j:.  It 
wuH  voted  ''to  raise  h\  taxation,  S-'iOO,  for  tiie  support 
ofscliools,  SlOO,  to  defray  town  expenses,  and  SlOOO, 
for  hi<»;hways,  to  he  paid  in  hd)or."  KvicU'utly  the  peo- 
pU'  felt  j)oorer  and  less  san«!;uine  tlian  formerly.  The 
struj^jjjle  for  existenee  as  a  political  hody,  was  harder 
than  thev  expected.  They  raised  l(»ss  money  than  in 
the  preee(ling  year,  hut  they  went  bravely  on  in  theii* 
•irduous  work. 

At  an  adjourned  meetin«>;  held  April  23,  the  town 
ifJis  divid"<l  Into   school  districts  hounded    as    follows: 

DiST.  1. — The  area  between  Baring  and  the  east 
line  of  Jones  Dyer's  farm; — including  Milltown. 

DiST.  2. — The  territory  between  tlu;  east  line  of 
Jones  Dyer's  farm,  and  the  east  line  of  Daniel  Rhoades* 
farm  ; — including  the  Union  and  Calais  villages. 

DiST.  3. — Extended  from  Rhoades'  farm  to  Bog 
Brook. 

DiST.  4. — From  Bog  Brook  to  John  Noble's  east 
line. 

Thus  another  im})ortant  step  was  taken  in  the 
cause  of  education.  Each  District  was  to  i)rovide  a 
school  house,  and  receive  its  per  capita  share  of  the 
school  money. 

As  the  months  glided  by,  talk  began  to  be  made 
about  irregularities  in  town  affairs.  The  complaining 
increased  till  it  was  deemed  necessary  to  call  a  Town- 
meeting.     At  the  meeting,  held  Sept.  30th.,  in  Stephen 


i)'^ 


i  i 


STm:<;(,LK  for  lifk. — is  10  to  1S20. 

Brewer's  lioiise,  Paul  Knijiht,  Samuel  Dailiii^i-  and 
Joshua  liurbank  were  eliosen  a  conuiiittee  '"to  call  on 
Win.  Pike  and  re(juest  of  him  a  settlement  of  the  town 
aeeounts  for  1<S(*()-|(>,  or  to  <>ive  uj)  to  them  the  town 
aceomit  l)ooks  ;  and  to  rejxM't  their  doin«is  at  tlie  next 
ainuial  meetint»."  The  results  of  this  illeo;;il  }>roeeed- 
insi',  were  dissension,  hard  feelings  and  a  harder  struo- 
i»le  with  want.  The  merits  of  the  ease  have  lon<»'  ajjo 
l»een  foi"i>otten. 

At  an  adjourned  meeting"  held  Oet.  12,  it  was 
"voted  to  aecept  the  road  laidout  from  James  S})rague's 
to  the  Hohhinston  line."  Thus,  thirty  two  yi'ars  after 
its  tirst  settlement,  the  town  first  had  a  public  road, — at 
U'ast  a  road  in  name,  extending  through  the  whole 
length  of  its  territory. 

The  a speet  of  affairs  in  the  Spring  of  1812,  was 
gloomy  and  diseouiaging.  The  coming  war  cloud  l»e- 
gan  to  darken  the  whole  country.  Business  was  stag- 
nating. The  population  of  Calais  was  not  increasing, 
Money  wa's  scarce  and  debts  plenty.  Hut  nearly  all 
the  peoi)le  were  brave,  war  Republicans,  and  they  gath- 
ered up  their  courage  and  strength,  and  went  on  witli 
the  usual  routine  of  affairs. 

At  the  anniial  meeting,  held  April  (Ith,  Shubael 
Downes  was  chosen  Moderator  ;  Joseph  Whitney,  Clerk  : 
Jones  Dyer,  Treasurer  ;  Shubael  Downes,  Jones  Dyer 
andJarius  Keene,  Selectmen;  Sanuiel  Darling,  Jones 
Dyer,  Jr.,  Paul  Knight,  Francis  Pettigrove  and  rlarius 
Keene,  School  Connnittee.  $300  were  appropriated  for 
the  support  of  schools,  S200.  to  defray  town  expenses, 
and  eight  per  cent,  allowed  lor  collecting  the  taxes. 
This  increase  in  the  percentage  was  not  made  because 
the  price  of  labor  was  higher,  but  because  in    the    hard 


sthug(;le  for  life. — 1810  to  1820. 


5;) 


times,  the  task  was  more  ditHcult.  Tlie  roads  must 
still  have  been  extremely  poor,  _>et  for  some  unaceoimt- 
able  reason,  only  $800  were  voted  for  their  improve- 
ment. 

The  votes  for  Governor  were  47  for  Elbridt^e  (ierry, 
an  eminent  war  Republican,  and  5  for  Caleb  Stron<?,  a 
Federalist  and  anti-war  man.  This  was  a  large  vote, 
and  it  clearly  shows  the  patriotic  tem})er  of  the  people. 

War  aji^ainst  England  was  declared  June  18,  18)2. 
British  armed  vessels  began  to  cruise  along  the  coast ; 
commerce  was  suspended,  and  the  cold  gripe  of  poverty 
began  to  tighten  around  the  little  isolated  settlements 
on  the  St.  Croix.  As  there  were  no  regular  troops  on 
either  side  of  the  river,  the  gloom  was  deepened  by  the 
imminent  danger  of  lawless  and  bloody  conflicts  between 
the  people  of  the  two  villages.  To  prevent  this  calam- 
ity, at  the  suggestion  of  Rev.  Duncan  M'CoU,  a  Com- 
mittee of  Public  Safet}'  was  chosen,  embracing  citizens 
of  both  Calais  and  St.  Stephen,  "to  endeavor  to  pre- 
serve law  and  order  until  troops  should  arrive  and  es- 
tablish military  rule."  This  humane  and  judicious 
movement  secured  the  object  for  which  it  was  made  ; 
though  it  did  not  dispel  the  weary  anxiety  of  the  people. 

At  the  next  annual  Town-meeting,  April  5,  1813, 
the  old  board  of  officers  was  reelected,  $250,  voted  for 
"town  accounts,"  and  $500,  for  highways.  The  records 
make  no  mention  of  schools.  It  is  not  certain  whether 
they  were  suspendeil  on  account  of  the  war,  or  whether 
their  small  ex[)ense  was  defrayed  from  the  money  voted 
for  "town  accounts."  In  the  ballot  for  Governor,  the 
gritty  little  town  cast  42  votes  for  Joseph  B.  Varnum, 
war  Republican,  and  only  three  for  Caleb  Strong,  the 
anti-war  Federalist. 


"F 


54 


STRUGGLE    FOR   LIFE. — 1810  tO  1820. 


In  June  of  this  year,  a  small  military  force  was 
stationed  on  each  side  of  the  river.  The  British  sol- 
diers were  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Sainaurez  and 
Cols.  Muld  and  Buck ;  the  Americans  were  in  charge 
of  Capts.  Gregory,  and  Shubael  Downes,  and  Lieuts. 
Manning,  and  Jarius  Keene.  One  company  v/as  sta- 
tioned near  Wm.  Deming's  present  residence,  and  the 
other,  in  a  part  of  W.  E.  Slayton's  house.  The  former 
were  "regulars,"  the  latter,  militia. 

At  the  annual  Town-meeting  in  1814,  it  was  voted 
to  raise  ^100  for  current  expenses,  $200  for  schools, 
and  $300  for  highways.  These  sums  were  small,  but 
they  were  all  that  could  be  afforded.  Very  little  wheel- 
ing was  done,  and  good  carriage  roads  were  not  much 
needed  ;  the  $300  may  therefore  have  been  enough.  In 
tlie  ballot  for  Governor,  Samuel  Dexter  received  thirty 
two  votes,  and  Caleb  Strong  onh'  two.  Though  suffer- 
ing keenly  from  the  war,  Calais  was  not  tinctured  with 
Hartford-Convention  Federalism.  The  weakness  of 
Massachusetts  did  not  reach  the  forest  homes  of  St, 
Croix. 

The  English  now,  1814,  occupied  Eastport  and 
claimed  all  the  territory  east  of  the  Penobscot.  Of  course 
the  coast  was  thoroughly  blockaded,  and  western  trade 
entirely  cut  of!'.  There  was  but  little  money  or  business 
in  Calais,  Merchandize  went  up  to  famine  prices. 
Molasses  was  $1.00  a  gallon  ;  corn  meal,  coarse  and 
poor,  $2.00  a  bushel ;  flour,  $20.00  a  barrel,  and  sugar 
a^d  dr}^  goods  were  not  to  be  had  except  in  small  quan- 
tities. It  was  truly  a  "time  that  tried  men's  souls." 
The  river  line  was  closely  guarded  ;  and  although  there 
was  plenty  of  food  and  raiment  in  St.  Stephen,  smug- 
gling was   almost   impossible.     There   was   no   actual 


STRUOrrLE    FOR   LIFE. — 1810    tO  1820. 


;)0 


fighting  or  outrage  on  either  side  of  the  river  :  an  inci- 
dent however  took  place  of  considera])le  interest.  A 
dozen  or  more  fat  oxen  having  been  driven  through 
from  the  Penobscot  and  smuggled  into  Milltown,  N.  B., 
Lieut.  Manning  determined,  to  seize  them.  Accord- 
ingly, one  da}'  when  the  men  of  Milltown  were  mostly 
absent  from  home,  he  cros'jed  the  river  with  a  scjuad  of 
soldiers,  captured  one  uniirKied  man  and  the  oxen,  and 
brought  them  all  safely  to  Calais.  The  man  soon  es- 
caped, but  the  beeves  were  retained,  and  added  to  the 
commissar3-departmentof  Calais, — an  addition  just  then 
much  needed. 

But  a  sad  and  brutal  scene  was  enacted  at  East- 
port.  While  the  English  held  that  town,  their  soldiers 
inhaling  the  free,  sweet  air  of  our  forests,  manifested  a 
strong  inclination  to  desert.  Several  escaped,  and  no 
doubt  the  Yankees  were  glad  to  see  them  go.  The 
British  officers,  exasperated  b}-  their  losses,  and  deter- 
mined to  stop  the  desertions,  seized  a  Mr.  Barker  who 
had  formerly  lived  in  Calais,  accused  him  of  aiding  the 
escape  of  their  men,  tried  him  in  a  Court  Martial,  found 
a  verdict  of  guilty,  (though  he  was  probably  iimocent,) 
and  sentenced  him  to  be  tied  to  the  tail  of  a  cart  and 
whipped  through  the  streets  of  Eastport.  The  inhuman 
sentence  was  carried  into  effect,  and  poor  Barker  died 
not  long  after  from  the  injuries  thus  received. 

The  war  at  last  ended  ;  the  jo^'ful  news  of  peace 
arrived  ;  but  it  did  not  restore  prosperity.  The  disease 
had  departed,  but  the  patient  remained  thin  and  weak. 
Ver}'  little  lumbering  had  been  done  during  the  war  ; 
and  at  its  close,  there  was  very  little  capital  in  town 
with  which  to  engage  in  business,  In  1816,  at  the  an- 
nual Town-meeting,  the  people  were   so   pinched   with 


56 


STRUGGLE    FOR    LIFE. — 1810  to  1820. 


poverty  that  they  voted  no  money  for  the  niaintainance 
of  public  schools,  and  verylittleforany  i)iirpose.  "Mis- 
fortunes seklom  come  singly."  In  addition  to  the  finan- 
cial jftoom,  the  Summer  of  that3'ear  was  the  coldest  one 
that  has  occurred  during  the  present  century.  In  some 
parts  of  New  P^ngland  there  was  a  severe  snow  storm  in 
June.  Every  month  there  was  sharp  frost,  and  every 
green  thing  was  chilled  and  dwarfed,  anil  the  farmer's 
hoped  for  harvest  proved  almost  an  entire  failure. 
Bread  became  a  luxury  in  which  many  a  famil}'  could 
but  sparingly  indulge.  At  that  time,  railways  and 
steam-ships  were  unknown,  and  the  rich  valley  of  the 
Mississi[)pi  was  not  cultivated.  The  horrors  of  famine 
seemed  impending.  But  the  pioneers  were  used  to  hard 
fare  and  hard  times.  They  sutfered  but  did  not  despair. 
In  the  very  midst  of  the  bluest  time,  feeling  that  the 
political  misrule  of  the  old  Bay  State  was  in  part  the 
cause  of  their  misfortune,  the  citizens  of  Calais  voted 
"to  petition  the  (General  Coiu't  for  a  separation  of  the 
District  of  Maine  from  the  Commonwealth  of  Massa- 
chusetts." This  vyas  a  move  in  the  right  direction,  but 
of  course  it  brought  no  innnediate  relief. 

No  event  of  importance  transpired  in  1817,  except 
a  great  earthquake  that  violently  shook  the  houses,  but 
did  no  damage.  The  season  was  fruitful.  The  brave 
peoi>le  continued  the  long  and  severe  struggle  with  grim 
Want  until  the  Autunm  harvest  was  gathered  ;  and  then, 
at  last,  after  years  of  i)rivation,  came  the  joy  of  fulness. 

By  1818,  the  direful  results  of  the  War  had  nearly 
passed  away  ;  and  a  brighter,  better  age  began  to  dawn. 
Two  able,  energetic  citizens,  Col.  Joseph  Whitney  and 
Hon.  Geo.  Downes,  the  latter  a  lawyer  and  new  comer, 
began  to  be  prouiinent  men,  and  to  give  a  more  hopeful 


STUUGfiLK    VOH    LIFE. — 181()  to    1820. 


;>< 


aspect  to  public  atiairs.  True,  the  town  suffered  a 
great  loss  in  the  untimely  death  of  Wni.  Pike,  Esq.  who 
was  accidentally  drowned  July  1,  1818  ;  hut  the  tide  of 
pros])erity  contir.ued  to  rise.  The  deeply  relijjious  feel- 
ing that  came  in  the  hard  times,  still  prevailed,  and 
many  hearts  were  made  devout  and  hopeful.  Prayer 
meetings  and  regular  Sabbath  worship  were  inaugurat- 
ed. A  strenuous  etfort  was  made  to  disentangle  and 
rectify  the  linancial  atiairs  of  the  town,  and  to  ren«ler 
the  highways  tit  for  travel.  The  next  year,  181!>,  the 
Grand  Jury  added  more  stinudus  by  indicting  the  town 
for  its  ))ad  and  dangerous  roads.  The  work  of  repair, 
reform,  and  improvement  went  on  zealously,  till  w  ith 
better  roads,  morals,  prospects  and  hopes  than  ever  be- 
fore enjoyed  by  the  people  of  Calais,  the  darkest  decade 
in  its  history  ended. 

Aug.  20,  1811),  the  house  of  Stephen  Hill  of  Mill- 
town,  N.  B.,  was  struck  b}-  lightning,  and  Mrs.  Hill 
'.vas  smitten  down.  One  side  of  her  face,  neck  and 
body  was  badly  burned.  The  gold  ))eads  around  her 
neck  were  melted,  and  one  shoe  and  stocking  torn  to 
pieces.  Though  for  some  time  insensible,  she  slowly 
recovered.  Nov.  7,  of  this  year,  was  a  remarkably  dark 
day. 

During  this  decade,  1810  to  1820,  St.  Stephen  en- 
joyed a  fair  share  of  prosperity.  Considerable  attention 
was  paid  to  agriculture,  the  soil  was  found  to  be  very 
fertile,  and  except  in  181(),  bountiful  harvests  were 
gathered  every  Autumn.  The  highways,  by  the  foster- 
ing care  of  the  (Jovernment,  were  built  and  kept  in  good 
repair,  w  ithout  expense  to  the  citizens.  The  people 
were  mainly  exempt  from  taxation,  and  successful  in 
business.     Good  schools  were  maintained  in    both    vil- 


T 


58 


.STRUGGLE    FOR    LIKK. —  IHIO    to   IH'iO. 


lagos  ;  and  tho  rojjular  roligiouH  serviros  of  the  Sa))l)atli 
diffuKod  an  elevatin*^  influence  thron<jliout  the  town. 
I)nrin<^  the  War  of  l«12-lo.  fanninfij  was  almost  the 
only  business  ;  and  no  trade  with  Cahiis  or  tiie  States 
heu\<r  permitted,  some  articles  became  scarce  and  dear  ; 
yet  no  one  sutfered  for  lack  of  food  or  raiment.  "The 
streets  were  sometimes  disturlu'd  by  the  noisy  brawls  of 

•  « 

rude  militia  men,"  but  life  and  })roperty  were  ever  safe. 
Before  1H2(),  many  of  the  old  citizens  died,  and  new 
ones  came  to  fill  their  places,  notices  of  whom  will  l)e 
found  in  another  chapter.  For  the  rest,  no  event  trans- 
pired especially  worthy  of  record. 

Hy  the  official  census,  Calais  in  IH2(),  contained 
418  inhabitants,  and  St.  Stephen  probably  more  than 
twice  as  many.  Hitherto  the  two  towns  had  grown 
ver}'  slowly ;  but  about  this  time  began  a  period  of 
vigorous  activity  and  rapid  growth,  especially  in  Calais. 
In  the  i:3xt  ten  years  it  more  than  quadrupled  its  pop- 
ulation and  wealth.  From  a  weak,  straggling,  ^'burnt- 
land"  settlement,  it  rose  to  the  dignity  of  a  pleasant, 
thrifty,  cultured  town.  Crood  roads  jmd  bridges,  fine 
horses  and  carriages,  excellent  churches  and  societies, 
luxurious  homes,  furniture  and  raiment  made  their 
welcome  appearance,  and  banished  forever  the  long  en- 
(hn-ed  dreariness  and  discomfort.  St.  Stephen  fullj' 
shared  in  the  prosperity.  The  brisk  (iemand  for  lumber 
and  the  ease  with  which  it  could  be  obtained  from  the 
surrounding  forests,  made  business  lively  and  opened 
an  avenue  to  w-ealth  for  all  who  had  the  ability  and  de- 
sire  to  walk  therein. 

Down  to  this  date,  1820,  the  historj'  of  Calais  and 
St.  Stephen  consists  mainly  in  the  details  of  the  labor 
and  experience  of  private  and  often  humble  individuals. 


STRrr.(;LK   FOU'LIKK. — 1810   to  1820. 


59 


In  the  monotonous  routine  of  tiie  avorago  daily  li  fo, 
there  were  doubtless  incidents  and  accidents  enough 
to  i\eep  tlie  tongue  of  Gossip  busy,  and  to  banish  dul- 
ness  fion  the  groups  gathered  around  the  evening  fire. 
Bears  were  captured,  wolves  shot,  hair  breadth  escapes 
made,  people  lost  in  the  woods,  (puurels  engendered, 
ghosts  seen,  flirting  and  wooing  done,  marriages  sol- 
emnized, and  a  thousand  other  things  happened,  all 
very  interesting  at  the  time,  but  now  not  worth  repeat- 
ing. Fr(»m  this  point  therefore,  these  Annals  will  be 
devoted  mainly  to  the  organization  and  growth  of  so- 
cieties and  corporations,  the  character  and  doings  of 
representative  men,  and  the  transaction  of  affairs  whosi? 
influence  extends  in  some  degree  to  the  present  time. 
And  so  far  as  practicable,  the  details  will  be  arranged 
in  the  chronological  order  of  their  commencement. 


t 


T 


60        WKSLKVAN    M1:TIIUI>IST    ClILKCH,  ST.   STKI'lIEN. 


IX. 

WESLEYAN  METHODIST  CHURCH,  ST.  STEPHEN. 

Tins  Churcli  has  the  honor  of  being  the  oldest  one 
on  the  river  above  St.  Andrews,  and  the  spiritnal  par- 
ent of  many  others  in  the  vicinity.  Its  Foundtr,  under 
Divine  guidance,  was  Rev.  Duncan  M'Coll ;  who  in 
many  respects  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  and  in- 
fluential men  that  ever  dwelt  in  the  St.  Croix  valley. 
Hardy,  resolute,  intelligent  and  pious,  his  name  is  in- 
terwoven with  all  the  early  life  of  St.  Stephen  and  Cal- 
ais ;  and  the  impression  he  made  in  both  towns,  is  too 
deep  ever  to  be  effaced.  His  biography  is  full  of  in- 
terest. 

He  was  born  in  the  Parish  of  Appen,  Argyleshire, 
North  Britain,  Aug.  22,  1754.*  Though  not  college 
bred,  he  appears  to  have  received  an  excellent  Pinglish 
education.  In  early  manhood  he  engaged  in  a  lucra- 
tive business,  and  supposed  himself  settled  for  life.  But 
through  the  blunders  of  his  partners,  the  firm  soon  fail- 
ed ;  and  not  readily  finding  any  other  opening,  he  en- 
•listed  as  a  '"Pay  Sergeant"  in  the  British  arm^'.  In 
tl  it  capacity,  in  1778,  he  was  taken  with  his  Regiment 
t(  Halifax,  N.  S.  The  next  3'ear,  the  detachment  to 
M  )ich  he  belonged,  was  transferred  to  a  point  on  the 
Pouobscot  called  Magebegadun,  (Castine?)   and  there 


Ill 

ent 

to 

the 

ere 


I 


!i 


WESLEVAN    METHODIST    CllUULll,  ST.   STEPHEN.         Gl 

he  pjirticipatccl  in  a  battle  and  sicjjfe,  and  was  fieciuently 
under  Mre.  In  17M1,  he  sliowed  great  eoolness  and 
eourage  in  a  naval  engagement  in  or  near  ]\lassaelni- 
setti-i  Bay.  During  th(!  remainder  of  the  War,  he  shar- 
ed the  fortunes  oftlie  British  armv  in  the  State  of  New 
York.  On  the  return  of  peace  in  17<s;},  lie  went  to  Hal- 
ifax, resigned  his  olliee,  and  soon  after  married  Miss 
Elizabeth  Channal,  a  zealous  Methodist  an«l  most  ex- 
cellent woman.  In  1784  or  5,  having  again  been  disap- 
pointed in  his  business  prospects,  he  moved  to  8t.  An- 
<lrews,  bought  a  log  cabin,  for  which  he  paid  ten  Guin- 
eas, and  began  housekeeping.  But  both  food  and  mon- 
ey being  scarce  and  hard  to  get,  he  l)ecan}e  dissatislicd 
with  his  location,  and  in  Nov.  178o,  moved  to  St.  Steph- 
en, "to  take  charge  of  Col.  and  Lieut.  D.  Stewart's 
business,"  and  in  this  employment  he  continued  foi- 
several  years. 

He  had  a  religious  tem^  ;rament,  and  from  boy- 
hooil,  his  mind  often  dwelt  on  religious  ideas.  He  ever 
deeply  felt  the  need  of  Divine  aid,  and  hence  on  arriv- 
ing in  St.  Ste[)hen,  his  first  care  was  to  look  around  for 
religious  friends  and  privileges.  There  was  no  religious 
society  or  meeting  in  the  place.  lie  found  a  Baptist 
minister,  but  the  people  had  no  confidence  in  him  and 
would  not  hear  him  preach.  No  other  door  being  open, 
the  next  Sun(hiy.probal)ly  thelastSabbathin  Nov.  17-S."j, 
he  invited  a  religious  gathering  in  the  evening  at  his  own 
home.  Six  or  eight  neighbors  came  in,  and  then  and 
there  the  King  Street  Methodist  Church  was  born.  The 
next  Sunday,  twenty  or  thirty  persons  came  to  the 
meeting.  Mr.  M'Coll  did  not  pretend  to  preach,  but 
merely  led  the  devotional  exercises.  Steadily  the  num- 
bers and  interest  increased,  uutil,  in  five  or  six    weeks, 


T 


G2        WKSI.KYAN    MKTIIOIUST    <  nritCII,  ST.   STKl'HEN. 

there  wore  "powfv'iil  times"  in  the  prayer  meetings. 
From  that  time  to  this,  the  weekly  ,u;ath(MMn«;s  have  not 
t)een  omitted,  nor  tlie  Soeiety  failed  of  hcinj^  a  moral 
power.  In  Jan.  IVHG,  Mr.  M'Cnll,  after  lon<^  and  se- 
vere mental  Htruggle/'felt  snre  lie  was  called  to  preach  ;" 
and  from  that  tii!u>  he  did  preach  every  Sunda}',  and 
often  on  other  days,  until  the  close  of  his  long  life. 

The  new  minister,  though  not  in  formal  fellowship 
with  any  denomination,  fidt  the  Methodist  impulse  to 
travel  and  preach.  One  of  his  excursions  in  1787,  re- 
veals the  condition  of  things  then,  in  several  aspects, 
[le  went  to  Pleasant  River  in  Maine,  and  si)eiit  several 
weeks  m  preaching  and  trying  "to  huild  up  Ziou." 
Being  ready  to  return,  the  good  people  of  the  place  gave 
him  as  the  reward  (>f  his  labor,  S3. 50,  in  money,  and 
three  cheeses.  He  started  homeward  a  happy  man. 
He  reacheil  Indian  Point  in  safet}',  but  found  there  no 
vessel  to  take  him  home  and  no  road  leading  up  river. 
But  go  he  must ;  and  shouldering  his  three  cheeses,  he 
walked  along  the  pathless  shore  of  St.  Andrews  Bay, 
all  the  weary  way  to  Robbinston.  There  he  found  a 
boat  to  take  him  to  St.  Stephen.  The  generosity  of 
Pleasant  River,  the  absence  of  roads,  and  the  hardihood 
of  the  man,  are  characteristics  of  the  times. 

In  1790,  Robert  Watson  lent  the  society',  sixty 
Pounds  ;  and  with  this  money  it  built  its  first  meeting- 
house. It  was  a  small,  rough,  cheerless  building,  near 
the  site  of  the  present  brick  edifice  ;  but  it  was  a  veri- 
table '•'House  of  the  Lord  ;"  and  the  people  greatly  re- 
joiced at  its  completion.  It  was  the  first  meeting-house 
built  on  either  side  of  the  river  above  St.  Andrews. 
The  money  to  pay  Mr.  Watson,  was  raised  by   Sunday 


WKSI.KYAN    MI'/riloDIST    riirUCII,  ST.   STKIMIKN. 


on 


colloetioTiE  ;  and  so  frooly  <ii<l  tin*  |)ch)[)1o   give,    that   in 
three  years  the  <lei)t  was  li(jiii(lat(Ml ! 

in  1791,  Mr.  M  Coll  visited  Halifax  and  |)reached 
there  several  Snndays.  As  ii  remuneration,  liu' Halifax 
brethren  gave  him  a  hroad-eloth  suit  of  clothes  ;  the  only 
pay  he  received  for  seven  years  preaching,  exc"Ji)t  tin; 
money  and  cheese  at  Pleasant  Hivcr.  In  17!).'>,  he  made 
an  over-lan«l  jonrne}-  to  New  London,  Ct.  where  he  was 
ordained  l>y  Bisho[)  Ashnry.  Returning  h(une,  full  of 
the  Divine  spirit,  he  preached  so  eloquently  that  in  the 
Winter  of  1795-0,  there  was  a  great  revival,  and  sixty 
persons  were  ''hopefully  converted."  Thus  grew  the 
Church. 

In  IHOl,  the  Society  purchased  two  acres  of  land 
for  a  cemetery,  and  on  it  attempted  to  erect  a  larger  and 
more  comfortable  meeting-house  ;  hut  the  plan  seems 
to  have  failed,  probably  because  the  Episcopalians  re- 
fused to  assist. 

Mr.  M'Coll  was  now  preaching  and  making  many 
converts  in  Calais,  Milltown,  the  Ledge  and  St.  David. 
No  separate  church  perhaps  was  formed  in  either  of 
these  localities  ;  but  all  the  converts  called  themselves 
Methodists,  and  felt  tiiat  they  belonged  to  the  Church  of 
Christ.  Thus  the  flame  of  devotion  was  kindled  and 
kept  burning  in  "all  the  region  round  about." 

In  1805,  these  people  were  greath'  agitated  and 
alarmed  by  the  wild  ranting  and  questionable  conduct 
of  certain  "new  light  Baptists,"  that  came  from  St.  John 
to  disseminate  their  peculiar  notions.  For  a  time  the 
strange  fire  flashed  luridly  among  the  uncultured  ;  but 
it  soon  went  out,  and  not  much  harm  was  done. 

In  1806,  the  Society  attempted  to  raise  funds  to 
build    a  $7000   meeting-house,  but   failed.      Still   the 


(J4 


WKSI.KVAN    MKrilODIST    CHI  U<  II,  ST.   STKIMIKX. 


C'liurch  prosix'ifd,  and  Mr.  M'CoIl  i)msU(Ml  his  arduous 
itinerary  luiujrs,  without  any  noteworthy  oecurrence, 
until  1M14.  Several  causes  then  conihiiied  to  turn  men's 
tliouj^hts  from  earth  to  heaven  in  earnest  prayer.  War 
wan  ra<»in<jj,  .and  any  day  the  murderous  conflict  might 
emhroil  thecitizens  of  Calais  and  St.  Stephen.  It  was 
H  sickly  season.  Multitudes  were  unwell,  many  died, 
and  no  one  knew  Itut  his  turn  wouKl  soon  come.  Times 
were  hard  and  business  prospects  j^ioomy.  In  view  of 
these  ills,  Mr.  M'CoU  preached  with  more  than  his 
usual  fi'rvency,  a  revival  ensued,  and  120  new  mernbers 
were  added  to  the  Church. 

Elated  by  this  success,  and  rendere(l  hopeful  by 
the  termination  of  the  War,  the  Society  auain  made  an 
attempt  to  erect  a  new  meetin<;-house.  The  work  be- 
gan ;  but  the  harvest  of  181()  was  almost  spoiled  by 
frost,  business  remained  dull,  moi»ev  and  food  were 
scarce,  Sanuiel  Millberrv,one  of  the  best  and  oldest  sup- 
porters of  the  Church,  died,  the  i)eople  became  discour- 
aged, and  the  building  went  on  but  slowly.  In  April, 
1817  Robert  Watson  died.  lie  was  the  wealthiest  and 
most  iiitiuential  man  in  the  Church,  and  for  28  years, 
one  of  its  Stewards.  A  petition  was  sent  t<t  the  Pro- 
vincial Parliament  for  n  ,  linisliingthe  House  ;  • 
but  Metlujdists  '"in'-  ,  the  favor  was  not 
granted.  Hut  ti  o»k  at  >t  completed.  June  30, 
1818,  the  house  w  iS  ded'  ited  and  the  pews  sohl,  some 
of  them  bringing  $200  Ujieoe. 

March  23,  18 PJ,  Mrs.  M'Coll  died  a 

bnnd  childless.  The  blow  almost  broke  ^ 

but  he  still  performed  his    ministerial   * 


loft  her  hus- 

brave  heart ; 

ies  ;  and    his 


audiences  on  Sundays,  filled  the  new   .   mse.     In    the 


WKSI.KYAN    MKTHOIUM    CIH  Krll,  sT.  STKIMIKN. 


<;.» 


Autumn,  (Jet.  H,  the  Society  iii!iu<j[uriit('(l  jiu  aiixiliaiv 
l>il)le  Society,  with  a  (air  [)rospect  of  usefulness. 

With  <j('iiei;ii  ^ood  interest  aini  occuMJoiial  revi- 
vals, th(!  Church  moved  on  prosperously  for  many  years. 
In  June,  I.Sl".),  the  I'astor  heinj^  ancd  and  soinewhal 
Ibehle,  Rev.  K.  Williams  was  settled  as  his  colleague. 
Nov.  2M,  1  «;>(),  Mr.  M'Coll  preached  two  sermons. 
Nineteen  days  after,  that  is,  Dec.  17,  he  peacefully  died 
of  old  age  in  the  HltU  year  of  his  lon<^  and  useful  life. 
He  was  a  [)urc  minded,  generous,  faithhil  ••Soldier  ol 
the  Cross,"  and  a  gtMiuine  "apostle  to  the  ( Jentiles"  in 
the  St.  Croix  valley. 

Mr.  MX 'oil,  though  a  true  Methodist,  never  suh- 
niitted  to  the  Circuit  regulation  of  his  Denomination. 
His  only  home  and  [)arish  was  in  St.  Ste[)hen  ;  though 
he  often  visited  and  preached  in  Milltown,  Calais,  St. 
David  and  otlu>r  [)laces.  liut  imu)ediately  after  his 
death,  his  Society  adopted  the  usual  practice  of  having 
a  new  preacher  every  year  or  two;  and  this  has  contin- 
ued to  the  present  day.  Many  an  able  pastor  has  min- 
istered in  its  pulpit,  and  many  a  season  of  refreshment 
has  blessed  its  people. 

In  l(S(iU,  the  old  meeting-house  was  moved  to 
Water  street ;  where  it  is  now  used  by  Young  Brothers 
as  a  furniture  warehouse  ;  and  on  its  oiigiiud  site,  a 
new  and  substantial  brick  church  erected,  costing  $22,- 
000  ;  and  the  Society  at  present  is  large,  active  and 
prosperous. 


f  .""■-" 


(If)      WKSLKYAN    METHODIST    CHURCH,   MILLTOWN,  N.  B. 


WESLEYAN  METHODIST  CHURCH,  MiLLTOWN,  N.  B, 

Prior  to  1800,  Rev.  D.  M'C^oll  began  to  hold  re- 
ligious meetings  in  Milltown  ;  and  during  thirty  years, 
seldom  failed  to  attend  the  weekly  Class-meeting  held 
in  the  liome  of  Abner  Ilill,  his  devoted  and  ftiithful 
fritMul.  In  this  private  sanctuary  the  little  band  of  be- 
lievers joyfully  gathered,  related  their  trials,  hopes  and 
fears,  and  both  gnve  and  received  mutual  encourage- 
ment. From  this  small  beginning,  gjevv  gradually,  the 
j)resent  large  and  strong  Society. 

But  the  Class-meeting  was  not  enough  to  satisfy 
the  zealous  minister  ;  and  soon  after  the  commencement 
of  the  present  century,  he  began  preaching  to  the  pub- 
lic. The  services  were  first  conducted  iu  private  hous- 
es,— generally  in  Mr.  Hill's,  but  as  early  as  1810,  in  a 
school-house  near  the  upper  bridge.  In  this  building, 
often  called  the  ' 'Chapel,"  on  Sunday  evenings  and 
sometimes  on  other  evenings,  for  many  years,  Mr. 
M'CoU  preached  with  all  his  solemn  energ3^  Not  unfre- 
(juentlj'  a  revival  season  would  come ;  and  then  the 
little  Chapel  would  be  densely  packed  with  eager  listen- 
ers. 

At  length,  Milltown  having  become  a  large  village, 
and  the    Methodists   numerous,  a   meeting-house   was 


WESLEYAX    MEIIIODIST    CIIUWII,  MILLTOWN,  N.   B.      07 

needed,  and  in  l.;36,  erected.  It  was  a  modest  but 
pleasant  edifice,  and  the  Society  liiglily  prized  and  en- 
joyed it.  For  a  few  years,  peace  and  prosperity  pre- 
vailed. Then  dissension  came,  and  a  part  of  the  So- 
ciety seceded.  In  the  midst  of  tiiis  trouble,  in  the  Au- 
tumn of  1844,  the  weather  being  remarkably  warm,  the 
meeting-house  caught  fire  and  burned  down.  As  there 
liad  been  no  fire  in  the  building  for  some  time  previous, 
some  excited  people  asserted  that  the  conflagration  was 
the  evil  deed  of  a  malicious  incendiary  ;  but  sober,  sec- 
ond thought  arrived  at  the  opinion  that  the  fire  was 
kindled  by  the  spontaneous  combustion  of  some  oiled 
cotton  stored  in  a  closet  on  the  south  side  of  the  house. 
It  was  a  blue  time  for  the  divided,  homeless  Societv  ; 
but  the  Methodists  are  a  people  not  easily  discouraged. 
Misfortune  not  unfrequently  stimulates  them  to  greater 
zeal  than  usual.  In  a  short  time,  a  new  house  arose 
on  the  charred  site  of  the  former  one  ;  and  in  this  con- 
venient edifice,  the  people  have  ever  since  held  their 
religious  meetings.  Occasional  reverses  and  depres- 
sions have  from  time  to  time  occurred ;  but  as  a  whole, 
this  Church  has  been  blessed  with  a  fair  share  of  pros- 
perity. 


'J- 


II   ,  II"! 


68 


M.    K.   CI1LU(  II,  CALAIS  AND  MILLTUVVlS'. 


XI. 

« 

METironiST  EPISCOPAL  CTJUIICIT, 
CALAIS  AND  MILL  TOWN. 

For  inoiv  than  thirty  years  after  its  lir.st  settlement. 
Calais  had  no  relipous  Soeiety,  and  no  regular  Sabbath 
meeting"  Rev.  Mv.  M'Coll  sometimes  preaehed  on  the 
American  wide  of  the  river,  and  occasionally  a  wander- 
ing minister  came  ahnig  and  held  meetings  a  few  Sun- 
days ;  but  in  the  main,  the  people  were  ''without  benefit 
of  clergy."  A  few  of  the  more  [)iously  inclined,  crossed 
the  river  and  attended  church  in  St.  Stephen  ;  but  the 
majority  ai)parently  felt  little  interest  in  public  worship. 
Mr.  M'Coll  generally  had  a  fair  audience  in  Calais  ;  but 
excei)t  in  a  few  indivi<huils,  the  religious  interest  was 
very  cool. 

Yet,' for  this  unorganized  and  non-religious  condi- 
tion f)f  atl'airs.  ^Nlr.  M'Coll  himself  was  somewhat  blam- 
able  He  evidently  wished  to  do  all  the  i)reaching,  and 
have  everybody  attend  his  meeting;  ajid  whenever  there 
wastalk  of  startinga  Society  in  Calais,  he  put  in  a  stren 
uous  opposition. 

However,  after  much  controversy,  in  the  Autumn 
and  Winter  of  bSl"),  the  Methodists  of  Calais  and  Kol)- 
])inston  had  preaching  on  alternate  Sal»baths  l)y  a 
clergyman  of  their  own  faith  and  choosing.  Little  good 


M.   E.  CIIUUCH,  CALAIS  AN1>  MILLTOWN.  Bl» 

was  done.  Some  of  the  brethren  still  crossed  the  rivei' 
to  attend  church,  and  Mr.  M'C'oll  denounced  the  new 
minister  as  an  impostor.  Perhaps  he  was.  He  went 
his  way  ;  but  lie  left  a  determination  among  the  people 
to  have  a  meeting  and  preaching  of  their  own.  Provi- 
dence favored  them. 

In  the  latter  part  of  that  cold  and  gloomy  year, 
1816,  Rev.  Thomas  Asbury,  a  Methodist,  a  native  of 
Great  Britain,  came  to  Calais  and  conun<'nced  preach- 
ing, whenever  and  wherever  he  found  opportunity.  Mr. 
M'Coll  disliked  him,  and  said  many  a  severe  thing 
against  him;  but  he  continued  to  preach,  and  the  dis- 
couraged and  half  famished  people  flocked  to  hear  him. 
He  was  an  enthusiastic,  dramatic  and  pathetic  speaker, 
and  many  of  the  hitherto  undevout  people  were  startled 
and  thrilled  b}-  his  vehemence.  A  sweeping  revival 
ensued.  His  meetings  were  frequently  scenes  of  weird 
influence  and  wild  excitement.  Children  cried,  women 
wept,  shouts  and  groans  tilled  the  air,  and  under  the 
intense  pressure  of  excitement,  even  strong  men  faint- 
ed. Dozens  of  sinners  were  hopefully  converted,  and 
.some  twenty*  persons  were  baptized. 

It  was  the  first  baptism  of  adults  in  Calais.  On  a 
bright  Sunday  morning  as  the  tide  was  coming  in,  the 
candidates  knelt  in  a  row%  facing  the  river,  on  the  clean 
sandy  beach  at  the  foot  of  Downes  St.  The  river  was 
the  ample  font.  Mr.  Asbury  walked  along  between  the 
candidates  and  the  margin  of  the  stream,  dipped  his 
hand  in  the  sparkling  water  and  performed  the  sacred 
rite  by  sprinkling.  The  voices  of  prater  and  song  rang 
out  on  the  peaceful  air,  and  the  kingdom  seemed  at  last 
to  have  come. 

Immediately  a  Church  was   organized,    luimbering 


70 


M.    K.   CUfllCH,    CALAIS    AND    MILLTUWN. 


thirty  six  membors.  Amonp;  thom  were  the  Lrewers, 
Hills.  Kjiio;hts,  IVttigroves,  Lambs  nnd  others  of  the 
best  i)eoi)le  in  town.  This  wjis  the  first  Chureh  in  Cal- 
ais. A  Chiss-meetin<»;  was  at  once  started  under  its 
auspiees,  and  these  weekly  jxatherings  have  eontinued 
without  iMterruption,  to  the  present  day. 

A  nieetin<i:-house  was  now  needed  ;  and  to  supply' 
the  want,  Stephen  Brewer,  Esq.  on(  of  the  members  of 
the  Chureh.  had  a  buildino;  formerly  use<l  as  a  store, 
hauled  to  a  loeation  on  ^lain  street,  near  I )ownes  street, 
and  transformed  into  a  Chureh.  This  first  nieetinir- 
iiouse  in  town,  is  said  to  have  lieen  eomfortable,  con- 
venient and  pleasant.  Subse<iuently  it  was  hauled  to  a 
location  on  Ilinklev  Hill,  nearly  opposite  the  present 
rcjsidcnce  of  (Jeo.  A.  Blake,  and  tliere  used  as  a  church 
and  school-house  until  1838,  when  it  was  taken  down, 
and  some  of  its  material  worked  into  the  house  now  oc- 
cupied by  ,1.  M.  Hill. 

Mr.  Asbury  preached  to  the  Society  and  elsewhere 
in  the  vicinity,  about  two  years,  and  then  departed  to 
call  sinners  to  rei)entance,  in  other  i)laces.  He  was 
not  the  kind  of  preacher,  nor  were  his  meetings  the  kind 
of  scenes,  that  sensible  people  at  the  present  time  wouhl 
relish  ;  but  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  he  gave  a  relig- 
ious tone  to  many  hearts  untouched  before,  and  sowed 
the  seeds  of  piety  that  still  grow  in  all   our  Churches. 

In  July,  1818,  the  Weslevan  Conference  of  New 
Brunswick  sent  the  Rev.  Mr.  Newell  to  preach  in  Cal- 
ais and  vicinity.  He  came  and  did  good  service.  He 
apj)ears  to  have  l)een  a  quiet,  thoughtful,  pious  and 
scholarly'  man,  but  not  a  great  preacher.  While  hero, 
it  is  said,  he  wrote  and  published    a  biography    of  his 


M.   K.   (  Iiruril,    CALAIS    AXU    MII.I.TOWN.  71 

deceased  wife,      if  the  ti-adition  is  rc^nvet,  this  was  tlie 
first  writing  for  the  Press,  ever  done  in  (ahiis. 

In  1821  or  2,  Mr.  Newell  retired  an<l  Rev.  Kzra 
Kellog  took  his  place.  He  remained  abont  two  years, 
and  ai)pears  to  have  been  a  njan  of  solid  worth  and 
healthy  inllnence.  Vet  little  respecting  him  is  now  re- 
membered. 

Thus  the  Methodist  Society  luul  a  fair  stait  ;  and  it 
ought  to  have  run  a  good  race.  Apparently  .lothing 
hindered  it  from  prosi)ering  and  being  the  leading  So- 
ciety in  town.  But  the  ilame  of  its  enthusiasm  soon 
<lied  out,  and  its  ardent  fervor  ceased.  Some  of  its 
members  became  lukewarm  ;  the  influential  men  of  the 
town  stood  aloof ;  the  hum  of  business  awoke  people  to  a 
new  amltition  ;  earnest  talk  of  starting  a  C'ongregation- 
alist  S(X'iety  and  erecting  an  elegant  ciuu'ch,  Itegan  to 
be  made  ;  and  from  these  and  other  causes,  the  Metho- 
dist Society  lost  its  prestige  and  went  into  a  decline 
that  lasted  more  than  twenty  years.  Transii'ut  minis- 
ters  occasionally  came  along  and  held  meetings  in  the 
Minkley  Ilill  Church  ;  l)nt  the  public  interest  centered 
in  the  Orthodox  and  Unitarian  Societies;  and  nothing 
of  importance  transpired  in  the  Methodist  ranks  in  Cal- 
ais village  until  about  1845. 

Yet  Methodism  did  not  die  out.  In  1827,  Rev. 
Josiah  Eaton  of  Barre,  Mass.  settled  in  Milltown  and 
preached  there  in  the  "red  school-house,"  and  also  in 
Baring  ;  where  in  1829  he  married  the  widow  Hamilton. 
The  next  year  he  was  stationed  at  Robbinston,  and  after 
that  in  Pembroke  and  Dennysville.  About  18 10,  he  re- 
turned  to  Calais,  and  here  spent  the  remainder  of  his 
busy  and  useful  life.  He  died  in  1853,  and  is  remem- 
bered as  a  genial  and  reliable  citizen. 


-rr^ 


m 


72  M.  C.  CIirRCH.    CALAIS    ANI^    MILLTOWN, 

In  1885-0  tliero  was  a  powerful  revival  of  religious 
interest,  and  the  Methodists  had  tlieir  full  share  of  its 
)>enefit.  Thus  encouraged  and  strengtliened  the}'  de- 
termined to  erect  a  meeting-house.  The  Congregation- 
alist  and  Unitarian  churciies  in  Calais  village,  seemed 
to  be  enough  for  that  locality,  and  it  was  therefore  de- 
cided to  erect  the  new  house  in  Milltown.  Peter  Beedy 
and  Leonard  l*ickins  were  chosen  Building  Committee, 
and  tlie  house  was  finished  and  dedicated  in  the  latter 
part  of  18;J().  The  society  now  for  a  season  enjoyed  a 
vigorous  i)rosperity.  In  1837,  its  pastor  was  Rev. 
Mark  Trafton,  a  very  able  and  talented  man,  and  after- 
wards a  member  of  Congi'ess  from  Massachusetts.  In 
1838  and  9,  Rev.  Phineas  Higgins  was  pastor,  and  in 
1840  and  41,  Rev.  Isaac  Lord. 

About  this  time  the  old  dormant  society  in  Calais 
began  to  manifest  signs  of  life.  Its  membership  in- 
creased ;  and,  disliking  the  long  walk  to  Milltown  on 
Sunday,  its  people  realized  the  need  of  a  place  of  wor- 
ship nearer  home.  Accordingly  in  1845,  it  purchased 
that  old  cradle  of  churches,  the  Central  School-house  on 
Main  street,  near  the  foot  of  Church  Avenue,  and  i^- 
modeled  it  into  a  meeting-house.  Here  was  another 
fair  start  in  life,  and  the  prospect    appeared    flattering. 

Determining  this  time  to  transact  their  business 
correctly  and  thus  secure  permanency',  the  Societ}',  June 
G,  1846,  was  legalh'  organized  as  a  corporate  body. 
For  that  purpose,  a  Warrant  calling  a  meeting,  was  is- 
sued by  J.  C.Washburn,  Esq.  at  the  request  of  Rev.  C. 
C.  Cone,  L.  B.  Knight,  Joseph  Ilitchings,  Chas.  Cottel, 
W.  IL  Brackett,  Benj.  Baker  and  James  Thompson. 
During  the  Sunnner,  the  school-house  was  transformed 
into  a  church,  at  an  expense  of  6355.78.  The  best  pews 


IS- 

C. 

el, 
■on. 


M.   E.  CIIURCII,  CALAIS  ANH  MILLTOWN.  78 

sold  for  $31*,  apiece.  As  Lutlier  H.  Kni<j;ht  luniislied 
most  of  the  money  and  material  for  the  repairs,  theedi- 
tice  was  christened  "I^uther's  Meetin*:;-! louse."  Here 
for  ten  years,  the  Society  woishippi'd  and  i)r<)spered. 
After  the  Metiiodists  left  this  hnildinji',  it  was  used  hy 
the  Congre<»ati<)nalists  as  a  vestry,  and  for  a  time  hy 
the  Universalists,  as  a  phice  of  vvorshil^  until  IJSTO, 
when  it  was  burned. 

At  the  (juarterly  Conference,  })r()l>al)ly  the  first, 
held  in  Calais,  Ang.  21,  1846,  there  were  present,  Rev. 
John  Clough,  Presiding  Elder,  and  Hevs.  Josiali  Eaton. 
W.  II.  Crawford  and  A.  II.  Hall,  circuit  ])reachers. 
The  societies  rei)resented  were  Milltown,  Calais  and 
South  Calais.  It  was  "voted  not  to  renew  W.  W. 
Walker's  license  as  a  local  })reacher."  In  a  pecuniary 
light,  this  was  no  damage  to  Mr.  Walker,  as  the  salary 
of  a  minister  at  that  time,  did  not  much  exceed  $300  ; 
and  even  this  small  sum  was  not  promptly  j.  li^'. 

At  the  (luarterly  Conference  in  Aug.  1817,  there 
were  present.  Rev.  Asaliel  Moore,  P.  E.,  and  Revs.  J. 
Keith.  Milltown;  E.  A.  llelmershausen,  Calais;  J. 
Eaton,  south  Calais  ;  and  many  lay  delegates  from  these 
places  and  Baring.  The  "state  of  religion"  was  report- 
ed as  "very  good  in  Calais  but  low  in  Milltown."  There 
were  35  scholars  and  two  Bible  classes  in  the  Sunday 
school  in  the  former  place;  in  the  latter,  52  scholars  and 
one  Bible  class. 

At  the  next  annual  Conference,  1848,  both  the  fi- 
nancial and  religions  condition  of  the  soci(>ties  being 
rather  low,  it  was  "voted  to  unite  Calais  and  South 
Calais  i'llo  one  circuit,  and  Milltown  and  Baring  into 
another."  Mr.  Crawford  retained  his  })lace,  but  Rev.  S. 
C.  Scammon  was  assigned  to  the  Calais  circuit. 

In  1841),  Levi  C.  Dunn  was  licensed  to  "preach  the 


74 


M.  E.  CIIUIICH,    CALAIS    AND    MILLTOWN. 


Gospel,"  and  the  next  ^Tar,  his  coininisaion  was  renewed. 

In  1850,  Mr.  Scammon  retired,  and  Rev.  S.  F. 
Wetlierbee  took  his  place  in  Calais. — In  1851,  the  preach- 
ers were  W.  H.  Pillsbury,  V.  E.  ;  C.  II.  A.  Johnson, 
Milltown  ;  L.  D.  Wardwell,  Calais  ;  J.  Eaton  and  L. 
C.  Dunn,  supernumeraries.  The  number  of  Sunday 
school  scholars  was,  in  Milltown,  122;  in  Calais,  75. 
This  was  a  handsome  increase.  But  in  1855,  owing  to 
some  mysterious  decline  in  interest,  Rev.  C.  M.  Free- 
man appears  to  have  been  the  only  active  Methodist 
minister  on  the  American  side  of  the  river.  All  the 
societies  were  in  a  feeble  condition,  and  the  Calais  Sun- 
da^'  school  was  suspended. 

In  185G,  the  Calais  society  bought  the  Baptist 
Church  on  Main  street,  paying  $2800  ;  and  took  posses- 
sion the  first  day  of  April.  A  revival  ensued,  and  a 
large  number  joined  the  Church.  Since  then,  the  fol- 
lowing gentlemen  have  occupied  the  pulpits  in  Calais  or 
Milltown : — Revs.  N.  Whitney,  C.  M.   Freeman,    Joel 

A.  Steele,  G.  D.  Strout,  Seldon  Wentworth,  S.  H. 
Beal,  E.  M.  Fowler,  B.  M.  Mitchell,  Frank  Strout,  T. 

B.  Tupper,  T.  P.  Abel,  A.  B.  Townsend,  and  C.  L. 
Haskell.  The  last  two  are  still  ofliciating,  and  their 
societies  enjoying  prosperity.  Recently  the  Calais  so- 
ciety has  purchased  a  lot  for  a  new  church,  and  intend 
soon  to  build. 

During  this  lapse  of  time,  both  societies  have  had 

ups  and  downs.  In  prosperity  each  has  had  its  own 
pastor  ;  but  in  seasons  of  depression,  one  minister  has 
served  both.  The  South  Calais  Society  has  become  ex- 
tinct ;  but  Methodism  has  as  strong  a  foot  hold  and  as 
fair  a  prospect,  at  present  in  Calais  as  it  ever  had  ;  and 
by  judicious  management,  it  may  long  have  more  com- 
municants than  any  other  denomination. 


ANGLICAN    CHURCHES. 


/D 


XII. 

ANGLICAN  CHURCHES. 
1st.      Christ's  church, — st.  Stephen. 

Early  impressions  are  lasting.  People  seldom  for- 
get the  religious  instruction  of  their  childhood.  Espe- 
cially is  this  true  of  persons  brought  up  in  an  Episcopal 
Church.  Its  sweet,  solemn  music,  its  devout  prayers  in 
which  all  unite,  its  well  read  Bible  lessons,  its  reverent 
kneeling  and  bowing,  its  white  robed  priest  and  holy 
sacraments,  all  sweep  the  chiords  in  a  child's  soul,  to 
harmonies  that  no  after  life  can  wholly  hush. 

Many  of  the  early  settlers  of  St.  Stephen  had  been 
reared  in  the  bosom  of  the  English  Church  ;and  it  is  not 
strange  that  amid  the  savage  wilds  and  dreary  hard- 
ships of  a  strange  land,  they  should  at  times  long  for  the 
soothing,  cheering  ministrations  of  their  old,  home  sanc- 
tuaries. Accordingly  in  1806,  they  sent  a  petition  with 
many  signatures,  to  the  Bishop  of  Fredericton,  asking 
for  a  minister  of  their  own  faith.  Their  request  was 
granted  ;  and  in  a  few  months,  Rev.  Richard  Clarke 
came  to  St.  Stephen  and  inaugurated  ''Christ's  Church." 
The  services,  for  several  years  were  conducted  in  a 
small  building  on  King  St.,  and  were  ever  pleasant  and 
profitable.  Mr.  Clarke  was  a  gentlemanly  and  peace- 
able Pastor,  not  very  eloquent  in  the  pulpit,  but  highly 


76 


an(;lican  cmuniKs. 


estoemod  for  \m  pure  life  and  hlniiKilcss  conduct.  In 
his  care  the  (Jhur{!li  slowly  hut  stojidily  and  healthfully 
itKU'cascd  in  numbers  and  i)i(!ty.  After  preaching  about 
a  dozen  years,  he  moved  to  Fredericton.  But  his  son 
still  residing  in  St.  Stephen,  he  subsequently  returned, 
and  in  a  good  old  age  passed  on  to  the  '4ong  home." 

The  next  Pastor,  Rev.  (r.  S.  Thompson,  I).  I).,  set- 
tled in  St.  Stephen  in  1821.  He  was  a  large,  fine  look- 
ing, energetic  and  eloquent  man  and  devout  C'hristiau. 
Diu'ing  his  long  and  successful  ministry,  a  lai'ge  and 
elegant  church  was  erected  on  Prince  William  St.,  and 
the  parish  became  one  of  the  largest  and  best  in  New 
Brunswick.  lie  also  secured  the  erection  of  a  church 
edifice  in  Milltown,  N.  B.,  in  which,  for  several  3'ears, 
he  conducted  religious  service  on  Sunday  afternoons. 
This  house,  having  remained  "at  case"  for  several  years, 
was  recently  burned.  lie  was  also  shrewd  and  judi- 
cious in  looking  up  and  securing  profitable  glebes  for  the 
support  of  his  Church.  Highly  respected  by  all  the 
citizens  in  his  parish,  Dr.  Thompson  was  greatly  belov- 
ed and  revered  by  the  members  of  his  church.  Having 
well  })erformed  the  (hities  of  pastor,  for  forty  years,  he 
passed  on  to  his  levvard,  full  of  years  and  honor.  Mar. 
30,  1867. 

On  his  decease,  Rev.  E.  S.  ISIedley,  who  alread}'^ 
had  served  a  year  or  two  as  colleague,  became  pastor. 
Mr.  Medley  was  a  son  of  the  Bishop  of  Fredericton,  and 
a  young  man  of  good  education,  fair  talents  and  fine 
promise.  For  a  little  time,  all  were  well  satisfied  ;  but 
the  young  pastor  was  a  High-Churchman,  and  this,  his 
people  would  not  tolerate.  An  unpleasant  state  of 
atlairs  ensued,  and  in  1871,  he  resigned  ainl  went  to 
England,  where  he  is  said  to  be  highly  respected.     The 


t. 


1 
a 
s 
c 
s 


AN(ili<;an  curuc  iiks. 


77 


present  incuinbout  is  Rev.  Joseph  Uushtoii,  a  yoiin^ 
man  of  j^ood  e(liieati(m  and  juMress,  vvlio  is  fast  win- 
ning the  hearts  of  all  his  people. 

In  1M61,  the  elegant  ehureh  on  Prinee  Williarii  St. 
was  set  on  (ire  by  a  erazv  ineendiarv  named  Price  and 
entirely  consumed.  The  present  edifice  wa»  begun  in 
18C3,  and  finished  and  eonsecratc^l  the  next  year.  The 
parish  expenses  are  mainly  defrayed  by  the  iueonie  of 
its  glebes,  and  its  permanency  is  thus  assured. 

2nd.      ST.  annk's  church, — Calais. 

A  genuine  Episcopalian  never  feels  at  home  ii)  any 
church  except  one  of  his  own  faith  and  form  of  worship. 
For  many  years  the  families  in  Calais  which  belonged 
to  that  denomination,  attended  service  \v  Christ's 
Churjch,  St.  Stephen.  But  when  those  families  had  be- 
come somewhat  numerous,  and  Calais  had  gr<»wn  to  a 
large  and  thriving  village,  it  was  deemed  better  to  have 
a  religious  home  on  the  American  side  of  the  river, 
wherein  the  children  could  be  baptized  and  brought  up, 
the  sons  and  daughters  married,  and  the  devout  com- 
mune witli  the  Infinite. 

This  condition  of  affairs  having  been  made  known 
to  some  of  the  Bishops  of  New  England,  in  1850,  Rev. 
Geo.  W.  Durell,  now  of  Somerville,  Mass.,  was  sent  to 
Calais  as  a  missionary.  After  a  careful  canvass  of  the 
possibilities  and  probabilities  of  the  localit}-,  Morton's 
Hall  was  hired  and  fitted  up  as  a  place  of  worship  ;  and 
Nov.  24,  1850,  for  the  first  time  in  this  city.  Divine 
service  was  celebrated  in  accordance  with  the  form  pre- 
scribed in  the  book  of  Common  Prayer.  The  next  Sun- 
day,Decl,  a  Sunday-school  was  organized,  having  eleven 
scholars,  and  the  Church  began    its  work.     From    this 


78  ANdlJCAN    <IIi:U('IIKS« 

small  ho;;infiiM<j;,  tliuro  vv.'is  n  slow  luit  conHtrint  <^rovvtli, 
niitii  Sept.  U),  18')i,  when  a  parish  was  Icitally  orjijan- 
i/('<l,  and  iiaiiiwl  '  St.  Aiiuo's  (Jhiirch",  of  which,  Nov. 
20,  Itcv.  (i.  W.  Duroll  was  choscMi  Ki'ctor. 

A  inoro  convenient  place  of  worship  was  tiio 
next  tiling  needed.  The  nijitter  was  talked  over,  a  plan 
of  operations  was  aujreed  upon,  and  the  work  of  buihlinji; 
a  church  coninicnced.  The  Corner  Stone  was  laid  June 
10,  IHoJi,  and  the  building  finished  tlu^  followinu;  year. 
This  happy  result  was  larjj;ely  due  to  the  indefatigable 
energy  and  perseverance  of  the  Rector. 

In  August,  18G1,  Mr.  Durell  resigned,  and  in 
18(12,  Rev.  Daniel  F.  Smith  was  sent  to  take  charge  of 
the  parish.  He  remained  till  the  Spring  of  18G4,  when 
he  resigned  and  moved  to  New  Hampshire.  Mar.  7, 
1805,  Rev.  Kdwin  W.  Murray  was  elected  Rector,  and 
he  still  retains  the  oflice.  lie  is  a  native  of  Virginia, 
and  a  graduate  of  the  Theological  Seminar}'  of  Virginia. 
Hut  he  has  resided  in  Maine  for  nearlv  thirtv  years,  and 
acquired  the  noble  reputation  of  being  a  schoia:*,  gen- 
tleinan  and  christaiti. 

St.  Anne's  parish  has  a  good  church  centrally  and 
pleasantly  located,  an  excellent  organ  and  bell,  and  no 
debts.  There  are  in  the  parish,  about  70  families,  60 
communicants  in  the  church,  and  8  teachers  with  over 
100  scholars  in  the  Sunday-school.  As  a  whole,  it  bids 
fair  to  live,  prosper,  and  long  remain  a  religious  bless- 
ing  to   community'.     The  present   otiicers   are  James 

Perkins  and  James  Nichols,  Wardens  ;  John  Gillis  and 
Garrison  Crowell,  Vestry-men;  Cornelius  Ellis,  Collect- 
or and  Treasurer. 

3rd.      TRINITY  CHURCH, — st.  Stephen. 

As  the  result  of  a  distaste  of  the  High   Church  no- 


ANOMOAN    cnUUClIKM. 


79 


tioiis  of  Rev.  K.  S.  Modloy,  Rector  of  rinlst'H  Cluucli, 
iiud  porliups  for  soino  other  roiisoiis,  in  April,  IH7(), 
Rol)l.  Watson  sind  fifty-one  others  petitioned  the  Le;^- 
ishitnro  of  New  Brunswick,  for  a  division  of  the  parish 
of  St.  Stephen.  In  a  few  days  tiie  petition  was  •grant- 
ed, and  a  new  parish  was  or<j;anized  in  Marks'  Hall. 
Hut  the  Rector  and  the  Bish()[)  of  the  diocese  were  de- 
cidedly opposed  to  this  movement,  and  a  loni^and  sharp 
correspondence  ensued  hi^tween  the  new  parish  throu<^h 
its  able  Secretary,  W.  T.  Rose,  and  John,  Bishoi)  of 
Fredericton  an<l  his  son,  Rev.  E.  S.  Medley.  Hut  in 
spite  of  the  strenuous  op[)osition,  the  new  parish  erect- 
ed for  its  use,  at  an  ex[)ense  of  about  $()()()(),  a  pleasant 
and  substantial  meeting-house.  It  was  finished  in  June, 
l«71,and  consecrated  by  the  name  of  Trinity  Church, 
Nov.  5,  1872.  The  present  worthy  and  faithful  Pastor, 
Rev.  Foster  H.  Almon,  began  his  ministry  in  the  new 
parish,  in  July,  1871.  His  congregation  numbers  over 
two  hundred,  and  embraces  a  majoritv  of  the  leading 
Episcopalians  in  St.  Stephen.  Though  still  young. 
Trinity  Church  is  strong  in  zeal  and  wealth,  and  there 
seems  to  be  no  doubt  that  it  will  have  a  long  and  high 
career  of  usefulness.  Its  officers  are  N.  Marks  and 
Geo.  Maxwell,  Wardens  ;  R.  Watson,  Henry  Graham, 
J.  II.  Rose,  W.  T.  Rose  and  Thos.  Gregory, Vestry-men  ; 
Henry  Webber,  Clerk. 


80 


THK    BAR. 


1st. 


XIII. 

THE  BAR. 

CALAIS  LAWYERS. 


Amid  the  often  conflicting  claims  and  interests  in- 
cident to  a  new  settlement,  legal  advice  and  assistance 
are  frequently  needed  ;  yet  until  1810,  no  accredited 
lawyer  had  located  in  Calais.  Till  then,  each  citizen  so 
far  as  he  was  able,  had  done  that  which  seemed  best  for 
himself;  and  of  course,  pecuniar}'  affairs  of  all  kinds 
were  h.  dh  entangled  and  confused.  In  many  a  case  of 
conflicting  claims,  not  one  nor  all  of  the  citizens  could 
decide  exactly  what  was  just  and  right.  In  such  enier- 
jp^encies,  an  honest,  well  read  lawyer  was  greatly  need- 
ed ;  and  as  usual,  the  want  brought  the  supply.  One 
came,  then  another  and  anothe**,  until  no  Ic.-ss  than 
thirtj'-scven  attorneys  have  matle  Calais  their  home. 
Some  of  them  remained  but  a  short  time,  while  'others 
here  spent  their  long  and  useful  lives.  Some  perhaps 
have  be 3n  only  pettifoggers,  while  others  have  proved 
then  elves  ieMinied,  talented  and  faithful.  In  the  fol- 
lowing sketches  of  their  lives  anil  ch^vracters,  the  design 
is  to  state  all  the  good  qualitit's  of  which  traditic.n  has 
.^ireserved  the  remembrance.  Foi*  many  of  the  facts 
and  dates  I  "in  indebU  d  to  IJon.  Joseph  Granger,  at 
prCHtjnt  the  senior  member  of  the  iJar. 


TllK    UAU. 


.Si 


The  first  lawyer  was  lion.  Oooi<i;o  Dovvncs,  a  na- 
tive of  Walpole.Mass.  and  a  son  of  Shubael  Downos  oni* 
of  the  original  proprietors  of  Toivnship,  No.  T).  At  an 
earl}'  age  he  entered  Harvard  College,  and  soon  attain- 
ed a  high  rank  among  its  students.  After  graduating 
he  rend  law  with  Judge  Saauiel  Hoar,  and  in  IfSlG,  eaine 
to  Calais  and  coinnienccd  the  practice  of  his  profession. 
There  was  much  to  do  and  he  was  able  and  willing  to 
do  it  well.  For  fifty  years  he  conti ruled  to  lie  one  ol' 
the  most  active,  intiuential  and  worthy  citizens  of  the 
town.  He  was  a  good  neighbor,  a  genial  companion. 
a  popular  citizen,  an  aide  lawyer,  a  ripe  scholar,  a  de- 
voted member  and  Deacon  of  the  Congregational ist 
Church,  and  an  honest  man.  In  business  he  was  suc- 
cessful;  living  well  and  leaving  a  handsome  [)roperty  to 
his  heirs.  For  a  time  he  served  as  a  State  Senator  ; 
and  for  a  third  of  a  century,  as  president  of  the  Calais 
Hank  ;  and  during  all  his  long  and  ha[>[)y  life,  he  ever 
stood  among  the  tirst,  in  every  good  woitl  and  work. 
He  died  in  peace  in  1861),  greatly  lamented  by  all  wlu^ 
knevN  him. 

The  next  lawyer  was  Hon.  Anson  G.  Chandler,  the 
.son  of  Hon.  .John  Chandkr  of  Monmouth,  Me.,  at  one 
time  a  Senator  in  the  U.  S.  Congi'f^ss.  A  graduate  of 
Bovvdoin  College  and  a  [)roficient  in  law,  he  came  to 
Calais  in  1822,  and  o{)ene(,l  an  office.  His  ai)ility  and 
energy  soon  won  the  confidence  of  the  public  ;  and  his 
reputation  steadily  increased  until  he  was  ai)poiuted  one. 
of  the  Judges  of  the  District  Court  for  the  Eastern 
District  of  Maine.  He  performed  the  duties  of  this 
office  with  credit  to  himself  and  honor  to  the  Bench, 
until  the  expiration  of  his  term,  when  he  was  appointed 
Collector  of  Customs  fur  the   Passamacjuoddy  District ; 


■ 


H'2 


Tin-:  liAii. 


l>«it  ti)c  nppointmont  not  being  confirmed  by  the  U.  S, 
Ser)!ite,  he  was  soon  after  sent  to  tiie  Sandwich  islands, 
as  American  Consnl.  He  remaine<I  tliere  four  years, 
returned  home  with  iuipaired  health  ;ind  died  about 
IH()().  He  had  a  richly  stored  mind  and  a  versatile  gen- 
ius ;  and  the  people  of  Calais  will  ev(M'  remember  him 
as  one  of  their  greatest  and  most   hoHore<]  townsmen. 

Otis  L.  B'idges,  Esq.,  came  next.  He  was  a  na- 
tive of  Charlotte,  JMe.  a  graduate  of  liowdoin  College, 
an  enterprising  man,  an  excellent  citizen,  a  Ruccessful 
counsellor,  and  in  1842-.'i,  Attorney  fleneral  of  Maine. 
Although  doing  well  and  enjoying  life  iiere,  the  golden 
j)rospects  and  promises  of  California  at  length  drew  him 
thither.  He  continued  the  practice  of  law  in  his  n^nv 
home,  still  prospering,  till  about  1870,  wl.  mi  he  peace- 
fully departed  to  his  last  and  long  home. 

The  fourth  lawyer  was  James  S.  Cooper,  Esq., 
a  native  of  Machias,  Me.  He  read  law  with  Hon.  Geo. 
Downes,  and  opened  an  oflice  immediately  after  being 
admitted  to  the  Bar.  He  was  a  worthy  citizen  and  an 
able,  trustworthy  attorney.  Alter  many  successful 
years  of  business,  he  re. noved  to  Amherst,  Mass.,  to 
give  his  children  a  bett'T  opportunity  for  education; 
where  not  long  since  he  went  up  higher. 

Then  came  James  P.  Vance,  P^sq.,  a  son  of  the 
late  well  known  William  Vance  formerly  a  resident  of 
Baring  and  a  large  land  proprietor.  He  read  law  with 
Stephen  Longfellow,  Es(j.,  of  Portland,  and  then  came 
to  Calais,  whtre  he  soon  obtained  a  respectable  position 
and  a  fair  share  of  business  for  a  young  man.  But  he 
disliked  his  profession,  became  an  enemy  to  himself, 
and  movi'tl  to  Elgii  .  Illinois.  A  new  and  better  career 
now  began.     He  repented  of  his   sins,    renounoi-d   his 


THE    RAH. 


83 


the 
t  of 
with 
3ame 


Uv-er 

1    * 


bad  habits,  forsook  tlie  Bar  and  entered  the  Pulpit  as  a 
preaeher  of  the  Methodist  Church.  Here  he  found  iiis 
true  vocation  ;  and  at  the  present  tiuie,  at  the  ripe  age 
of  74,  he  is  still  dispensinii;  the  Gospel  of  John  Wesley, 
and  doing  a  large  amount  of  good. 

Ja(;ol)  (^.  ivettelle,  Esq.,  was  horn  in  Limerick, 
Me.  lie  graduated  at  Wattrville  now  Colhy,  College, 
read  lav;  with  Moses  En.  rv,  Esq.,  of  Saco,  and  after- 
wards with  O.  L.  Bridges,  Esq.,  of  this  city,  and  then 
opened  an  ofHce  in  Milltown  ;  hut  he  did  not  remain 
long  in  town.  Although  doing  a  fair  amount  of  busi- 
ness, he  became  dissatisfied  with  ••down  east,'  and  mov- 
ed to  Boston,  where  he  practiced  law  until  his  decease 
in  18G8.  He  was  a  man  of  sterlinii:  intei::ritv  and  re- 
spectable  ainlity  ;  and  he  has  left  behind  him  the  frn- 
grance  of  a  good  name. 

Samuel  II.  Blake,  Esq.,  was  a  Calais  lawyer  for 
a  brief  period.  In  1830  he  sold  his  ollice  and  business 
to  Hon.  Jose[)h  Granger,  and  moved  to  B.'.;ngor,  where 
he  still  resides,  a  wealthy  and  influential  citizen  an<l 
attorney. 

Geo.  M.  Chase,  Esq.,  was  born  in  Bradford.  \'t. 
in  1806.  He  studied  law  lirst  with  Judge  Fletcher  of 
Lynden,  Vt.  and  then  with  Judge  Thayer  of  Camden, 
Me.  In  1830,  he  opened  a  law  office  at  Milltown  ;  and 
by  good  sense,  assiduity  and  perseverance,  soon  secur- 
ed a  profitable  business  In  1848,  with  the  general 
down  river  drift  of  men  and  things,  he  moved  to  Calais. 
He  was  doing  well,  but  desiring  to  do  better,  in  18r)3 
he  went  as  American  Consul  to  the  Sandwich  Islands, 
where,  two  years  after,  in  tiie  village  of  Lahaiua,  he 
died.  He  is  remembered  as  a  bright,  busy,  chcrful 
citizen. 


84 


TIIK    llXll. 


I. 


Tlio  niutli  lawyer  that  sottled  in  Calais  was  IIou, 
Joseph  (lr:m<i:er ;  at  jnesent  the  senior  member  of  the 
Bar  in  both  this  city  and  Washinj^ton  County.  He  was 
born  in  Xewburyj)ort,  Mass.  about  the  beginning  of 
the  present  century.  In  earl^'  manhood  he  enjjnijetl 
and  witli  success  in  mercantile  and  connnercial  busi- 
ness ;  but  on  the  occurrence  of  adverse  circumstances, 
he  abandoned  these  employments  and  read  law  with 
Moses  Emery,  Esq.,  of  Soco.  In  ls;U)  he  came  to  this 
city,  opened  a  law  oflice  and  be<:;anhis  life  work,  (iiv- 
in*::  himself  wholly  to  his  profession,  and  carrying?  into 
it  a  ({uiclv  i)erception,  a  clear  head  and  a  warm  henrt, 
he  has  been  eminently  successful.  Though  on  the 
shady  side  of  three  score  and  ten,  "•  his  eye  is  not  dim, 
nor  his  natund  force  abated."  He  is  still  uttending  to 
a  large  amount  of  legal  business,  and  is  a  Nestor  among 
his  younger  brethren,  and  a  highly  respected  member 
of  society. 

iNIanly  li.  Towsend,  Esq.  was  a  native  of  Sidney. 
Me.,  a  graduate  of  AV^aterville  College,  and  a  man  of 
fine  feelings  and  fair  talents.  He  read  law  with  O.  L. 
Bridges,  Es(j[.,  was  admitted  to  the  Barandl)egan  jirac- 
tice.  But  having  inarrieil  a  wealthv  ladv,  the  daughter 
of  tiie  late  A))ner  Sawyer,  and  disliking  the  dry  routine 
of  legal  affairs,  he  abandoned  his  profession,  moved  i^ 
Alexander,  Me.,  and  engaged  in  agriculture.  He  died 
in  1«S;j4.  His  son,  Rev.  Abner  Townsend  is  an  honor 
to  the  Methodist  Church,  and  an  elocjuent  preacher  of 
its  doctrine. 

Hon.  T.  J.  D.  Fullei-  came  to  Cahiis  from  Ver- 
niont,  in  18;J4,  and  settled  in  jNIilltown,  as  a  law  part- 
ner of  (1.  H.  Chase,  Es(i.  He  was  a  genial,  kind-heart- 
ed, honest  man  :  and  heuce  soon  won  [jopularity.     As 


tirt- 


Till-:   HAK.  Hf) 

u  result,  in  l^^.S  he  was  eleetetl  Ropivsontativo  to  Con- 
gress, where  he  served  liis  constituents  and  the  country 
for  eijijlit  years.  Soon  after  leavinj^  C(»n<!;ress,  he  >vas 
appointed  second  Auditor  in  the  Treasury  (U'partiuent. 
which  otHce  lie  retained  until  after  the  inauiiuration  of 
President  Lincoln.  Since  then  he  has  resided  in  Wash- 
ington, 1).  C.  and  practiced  law.  Although  he  did  not 
realize  the  great  evil  of  slavery  nor  clearly  see  the  dutN 
of  all  good  men  to  oi)pose  it,  yet  he  will  longbe  reniem- 
hered  as  one  of  the  able  and  excellent  citizens  of  Calais. 

Albert  l*ills]>ury,  Esq.,  a  native  of  Easti)ort, 
studied  law  in  Belfast,  Me.,  and  then  came  to  Calais  to 
engage  in  his  profession.  Soon  after,  however,  he  was 
appointed  Clerk  of  the  Courts  in  Washington  county, 
and  of  course  moved  to  Machias  ;  and  for  st'vera!  years 
performed  the  duties  of  that  ollice  to  the  euHre  satislac- 
tion  of  all  interested.  Subsetpiently  he  was  appoii:ted 
American  Consul  for  Halifax,  X.S.  where  he  died  : — an 
honest,  faithful,  worthy  man. 

Otis  Patterson,  Ksi|.,  came  from  Waldo  coun- 
ty and  settled  in  Calais  about  1<S.'{2.  and  opened  a  law 
ottlce.  He  ilied  four  years  afterwtu'd  ;  but  his  brief  ca- 
reer proved  him  a  man  of  fair  ability  and  sterling  integ- 
rity. His  widow,  whose  maiden  name  was  (ialvin. 
married  Rev.  Wm.  A.  Whitwell,  the  first  pastor  of  the 
Unitarian  church  of  Calais. 

Hon.  liion  Uriidbuiv,  a  native  of  Saco,  gradu- 
ated at  Howdoin,  read  law  with  Wm.  P.  I*rebleof  Port- 
land and  then  settled  in  Calais.  Not  long  after  he  was 
Mi)pointed  Collector  of  Customs  for  the  PassanuKpioddy 
District,  and  then  itnioved  to  Eastporl.  At  the  exj/i- 
ration  of  his  term,  he  s.-ttled  in  Porthmd,  where  he  still 
resides,  ''a  model  lawyer"  and  a  woithy  citizen. 


8C 


Tin:  HAK. 


Jorcinijili  Bradlmrv,  P^s(|.,  the  f'jithcr  (jf'Iiion.  sot- 
tied  in  C'uhjis  in  1.S40  and  practiced  law  till  iiis  defease 
in  1850.  He  is  renienil»ered  as  a  sa<ia('i<nis  and  faithful 
attoiMUiy. 

Nelieniiah  Abbot,  Es(|.,  was  for  a  time  the  law 
partner  of  ().  L.  Uridines,  Escp,  of  this  eity.  Desiring 
a  larger  field  for  enterprise,  he  moved  to  Belfast,  Me. 
where  he  still  lives  and  enjo3's  a  high  re[)utation  as  a 
hiwver  and  citizen. 

N.  II.  Hubbard,  Esq.  eame  here  from  South  Ber- 
wick, and  for  a  year  was  the  law  partner  of  Hon.  Jo- 
seph (Jranger.  He  then  went  to  Winterport,  where  he 
still  resides.  He  is  extensively  known  on  the  Penobscot 
both  as  lawyer  and  politician. 

Hon.  F.  A.  Pike,  a  native  of  this  city,  received  his 
education  at  Bowdoin,  read  law  with  Hon.  Joseph 
(iranger,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1842.  In  a 
brief  period  he  won  a  large  Jind  enthusiastic  circle  of 
friends  and  patrons.  In  1852  he  was  chosen  Mayor  of 
Calais.  Shortly  after  he  was  elected  a  representative 
to  the  State  Legislature  ;  and  at  a  subse<iuent  session 
was  chosen  Speaker  of  the  House.  After  that,  for 
eight  years  he  served  as  Rei)resentative  in  Congress.  In 
ever}'  otHce,  he  gate  honor  to  J^astern  Maine,  and  en- 
tire satisfaction  to  his  constituents.  He  is  still  highly 
esteemed  as  a  sound  lawyer  and  an  enterprising  citizen. 

Geo.  Walker,  Esq.,  a  nephew  of  Rev.  Dr.  Walker 
formerly  President  of  Harvard  University,  was  for  a 
time  the  law  partner  of  Jeremiah  Bradbur}'  in  this  city. 
Later  he  moved  to  Machias,  where  he  yet  stands  among 
the  foremost  citizens  and  attorneys  of  the  place. 

Charles  R.  Whidden,  Esq.,  a  native  of  Calais, 
gi'aduated  at  Waterville  College,    studied   law    at   the 


Tin:  HAH. 


of 

tivo 

^sion 

for 

In 

en- 

hiy 

izen. 
ilker 
3r   a 


I 


lais, 


the 


Ilarvnrd  Law  Sdiool,  and  opened  an  olliee  in  tills  eity 
in  IH;")!.  Three  venrs  after  he  was  ehosen  County  At- 
torney  ;  and  he  retained  this  position  thirteen  years.  In 
1H<;«  and  again  in  I'SOJJ,  he  was  eleeted  Hcpresentative 
to  the  Maine  Legislature.  In  1M70  he  was  a[)pointed 
Colleetor  of'rustonis  for  the  Passania(|Uoddy  District. 
Thus  for  nearly  twenty  years  he  was  eonstantly  eini)loy- 
ed  in  ottlces  of  honor  and  trust.  No  better  proof  can 
be  afl'orded  of  pulilie  apin'eeiation.  At  the  exi)iration 
of  his  four  years  term  as  Colleetor,  he  again  began  work 
as  a  lawyer,  in  his  native  town,  and  is  busy  as  eyer. 

Geo.  W.  Dyer.  Es(j.,  is  a  son  of  the  late  Jones 
Dyer  of  this  eity.  He  read  law  with  lion.  Joseph 
Granger,  and  for  three  years  was  his  law  partner.  For 
a  time  he  served  as  Gov.  Col)urn's  priyate  seeretaiy. 
In  lHGl-2  he  was  a  Representative  in  the  Maine  Legis- 
lature. In  1802,  having  been  appointed  a  Paymaster 
in  the  arm}',  he  rem<jve<l  to  Washington  I).  C.  where  he 
now  resides  and  practices  his  profession.  lie  is  re- 
membered here  as  an  active,  companionable  man  w  ith 
a  great  memory  full  of  valuable  information. 

Charles  E.  Pike,  a  brother  of  Hon.    F.    A.    Pike, 
also  read  law  with   Hon.    Joseph   Granger.     But    soon 
after  being  admitted  to  the  Bar,  he  moved  to   Machias 
and  a  while  after  to  Boston,  where  he  is   still    engaged 
in  his  jn'ofession. 

Daniel  Tyler,  Esq.,  came  from  Vermont  and  open- 
ed an  oflice  in  JSIilltown  in  1847.  He  remained  eijjht  oi" 
ten  3'ears,  and  then  went  to  Oskosh,  Wis.  where  for  a 
time  he  claimed  to  be  doing  a  ver}'  large  business.  He 
is  now  employed  as  a  Clerk  in  one  of  the  Departments 
at  Washington,  and  is  reported  as  doing  well. 

E.  B.  Harve}',  Esq,  was  born  in   Barnet,   Vt.,    in 


•! 


Ml 


88 


TlIK    HAI{. 


lH2t\^  iliul  cdueutod  in  Cjilcdonia  Scniinarv  in  PcMclmni. 
From  the  14tli  to  the  22ii(l  year  of  his  u^^e,  chronic 
illnoHs  prevented  him  IVom  studying  or  enga<>in<>-  in  any 
active  ))nrsuit.  On  recovering  his  heaitli  lie  entered  the 
ofMce  of(i()v.  John  Mattock,  and  read  hiw  with  him  for 
two  years.  lie  tiien  went  to  Pennsylvania  and  read 
hivv  a  vear  and  a  half  more  in  the  otlice  of  Blanchard 
and  Cnrtin  in  liellefont.  HlanchaKi  was  then  a  mem- 
ber of  Congress,  and  Cnrtin  afterward  became  (iovern- 
or  of  the  State.  After  being  enrolled  as  a  lawyer,  he 
came  East  and  was  admitted  to  the  liar  in  Machias  in 
1848.  Six  months  after  he  came  to  Milltown,  and  foi- 
fouryeais  was  the  law  i)artn(^r  of  Hon.  T.  J.  1).  FuUer. 
In  18(»()  he  moved  to  Calais;  and  two  vears  after  he 
was  chosen  Countv  Attornev,  which  olHce  he  still  re- 
tains.  In  politics  he  began  as  a  Whig,  from  which  he 
naturally  drifted  into  the  Republican  ranks,  lie  is  a 
vvorthv  member  of  societv  and  a  friend  to  "verv  jiood 
cause. 

Silas  P.  Briggs,  Esq.,  a  smart  lawyer,  came  here 
from  Saratoga,  N.  Y.  ;  remained  a  few  3'ears  and  then 
returned  to  his  former  home,  where  he  is  now  liviiig. 

Uobert  X.  Smith,  Esq.,  was  a  son  of  the  late  lion. 
Noah  Smith  of  this  city.  He  was  an  erratic  genius, 
and  an  eccentric  adventurer.  His  whole  nature  was 
averse  to  the  patient,  persevering  toil  of  lawyer  life. 
Hence  he  left  town,  and  after  much  travel  both  in  this 
country  and  Europe,  and  many  a  strange  adventure,  he 
came  to  an  untimelv  end,  by  a  railway  accident  near 
Springfield,  111.  in  I860. 

(ieo.  B.  Burns,  Esq.,  was  a  son  of  New  Hampshire. 
After  teaching  foi"  a  time  in  a  Senlnarv  in  Charleston, 
S.  C.  and  studying  law  in  Boston,  he  came  to  Calais  in 


THK    UAU. 


89 


1851 .  llo  was  assiduous  in  husincss,  true  to  liis  tVicinls. 
imvioldiny:  in  his  (.'onvirtions  and  laitlifiil  to  his  clit'iits. 
Ik'did  a  iar<i:(' aiiioimt  of  husiiu'ss,  aniasscd  (juite  u  Ibr- 
tiine,  and  died  in  1871,  from  over  work  and  ('X[)osuri'. 
and  not  of  old  a<:o. 

Hon.  (Jco.  E.  Dowiu'sisa  son  of  tlie  lato  lion. 
Goo.  Downes  of  this  city.  He  hi'j^an  the  pnietiet'  of 
hiw  in  Cherrvlieid.  but  after  a  time  returned  home.  For 
several  years  lie  has  held  the  resj)onsjl»le  olliee  of  Mii- 
nieii)al  Judge,  and  dis('har«^ed  its  duties  to  the  entire 
satisfaction  of  the  public.  He  is  esteemed  as  a  sound 
le<5al  adviser,  and  a  j^enial,  kind-hearted,  obli<^in«i-  and 
honest  citizen. 

(r.  F.  (iran<i;er.  Esq.,  a  son  of  Hon.  Joseph  (Iran- 
jjjer,  read  law  with  his  father,  and  l)e<j;an  })racti('e  in  18.'>1>. 
On  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion,  he  entered  the 
arm}'  as  Cai)tain  of  volunteers.  Subsecpiently  he  was 
elected  Colonel,  and  afterwards  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Brevet  Bri<>a<lier  (Jeneral,  as  a  reward  for  merit.  At 
the  return  of  i)eace  he  again  entered  his  father's  oflice  as 
a  law  partner,  where  he  is  still  busily  and  successtully 
employed. 

•  C  B.  Hounds,  Es(i..  is  a  native  of  Auburn,  Me. 
and  a  graduate  of  Bowdoin  College.  He  read  law  with 
A.  M.  Pulsifer,  Esq.  of  Auburn,  an<l  in  IHliO  became  a 
law  partner  with  Hon.  Joseph  (i ranger.  The  next 
year  he  opened  an  otlice  in  his  own  name,  and  has  ever 
since  been  rising  in  re[)utation  as  a  well  read  and  tal- 
ented attorney.  .For  a  time  he  served  as  Superintend- 
ing School  Conmiittee  ;  and  the  existing,  excellent  sys- 
tem of  gi'aded  schools  in  thii^  cit}'  is  largely  the  fruit  of 
his  judicious  labors. 

Geo.  A.  Curran,  Esq.,  is  a  native  of  Calais.  Losing 


110 


TFCK    I5AK. 


liis  I'Mtlicr  when  (|iiit('  y<>mi<i",  mid  the  faiiiilv  liciii^  left 
in  Htrnltcncd  circunistMiiccs,  lie  wns  thrown  npon  his 
own  rcsoinvcH  ;  and  he  is  thi'iclorc  csscnti.Mliy  ;i  scll- 
niiuh'  niiin.  After  c*lerkin«j;  :i  wiiile  in  ji  IxMtk  store,  he 
read  law  with  ('.  H.  Whidden,  Ks<i..  and  was  a(hiiitte<l 
totiielJar.  lie  is  (piick  to  perceive  and  undiTstand, 
and  tinent  in  speeeh  and  writing,  lie  lias  a  lair  share 
ofleifal  bnsiness,  and  for  several  years  has  been  a  re*:;- 
idar  eontribntor  t(;  the  Calais  and  St.  Stephen  papers. 
He  is  esteemed  as  a  worthy  and  <i,rowin<i"  man. 

M.  N.  M(d<nsiek.  Ks(i.,  is  a  nativcM)!' liarinjj^.  Me. 
lie  was  edneated  in  the  IMilltown,  N.  I».,  Academy,  and 
hegaii  his  life  work  as  a  school  teacher.  In  IXCd  lie  en- 
listed in  the  (Ith  Battery  of  Maine  Lij^ht  Artilleiy.  He 
was  soon  after  api)()inted  Orderly  Serj^eant,  and  then 
elected  1st  Lieutenant.  He  had  connnand  of  the  liat- 
ti'ry  in  the  wilderness,  and  was  severely  wonnded  at 
Cold  Harbor.  On  recovering"  from  his  wonnd,  he  was 
l)laced  on  the  staff  of  Col.  Mc(Jilverv,  and  afterwards 
ai)p(>lnted  Post  Adjutant  at  l*itisbnr_i»'.  when*  he  was 
honorably  dischar<>\'d  in  liSOI.  Hetnrninii;  home,  he 
aji^ain  took  the  fernle,  served  as  Selectman  <>f  liarin*!;, 
and  studied  law.  In  IHCl)  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar, 
and  tlie  next  year  became  a  law  i)artner  with  C.  B. 
Rounds,  Escj.,  where  he  still  remains,  an  enei<2;etic,  go- 
aliead  man. 

J.  (J.  Beckett,  Esq.,  camo  fr<>m  Scotland.  For 
several  years  he  carried  on  a  successful  business  as  a 
(Confectioner,  and  accpiired  considerable  ])roperty.  In 
1870  he  attended  the  Harvard  Law  School,  and  the 
next  year,  gained  admission  to  the  Bar.  But  thus  far, 
sickness  and  a  multitude  of  cares,  have    ])revented  him 


THE    UAU. 


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iVoiii  atti'iKliiiu'  vciT  clost'Iv  to  tin-  diitii's  of  liis   proft's- 
sion. 

A.  \{.  Wlii'ldcn,  K.s(|..  a  son  of  C.  K.  Wliiddcn,  Ks«|., 
of  this  city.  i«'ad  law  witli  lils  fatluT  and  wasadniittt'dto 
[(lacticc.  lliit  soon  aftrr.  he  took  a  severe  cold  tliat  in- 
duced brain  fever,  from  tlu>  residts  of  which,  unliappily, 
lie  has  not  vet  recovei'cd. 

Archiliald  McNichol.  Ks(j,,  n  native  of  Charlotte 
County,  N.  1»..  rea<l  law  with  (leo.  I>.  Hums,  Kscj.,  and 
afterwards  with  Hon.  .1.  A.  Lowell  of  Machias,  with 
ulioni  for  a  tiine  he  was  a  partner.  In  IXJJT  lu'  moved 
to  Kastport  and  entcM'ed  into  |»artnershi[)  with  Samuel 
1).  J^eavitt,  Ks(j.  In  IMJ.')  he  came  to  Calais  and  op- 
ened theollice  tormerly  occu))ied  hy  (i.  H.  liurns,  Ksip, 
where  he  is  doing  a  lar<i;e  business  and  steadily  winnin*^' 
l)opular  favor. 

L.  (i.  Downes.  Kscj.,  a  son  of  the  late  Hon.  (leo. 
Downes,  is  a  giaduate  of  Bowdoin  Colleue,  and  an  able 
lawyer.  I'ntil  recently  he  has  reside*)  in  Machias.  In 
1<S71  he  was  a  membei"  of  (lov.  Dingh'v's  C<juncil  ;  and 
there  is  no  doubt  that  he  will  long  remain  a  promiiient 
man  in  Washington  County. 

F.  W^.  KuowlUjii,  Es(p,   is   a   n;itive  of    Ilamplen, 
Me.,an<la  graduateof  TuftsCollege.   He  was  admittt;  1  to 
the  Bar  in  April   1874,    and    enjoys   tiie    reputation   of 
being  an  honest,  intelligent  and  [)romising  3'oung  man. 

It  will  be  seen  by  this  list  that  the  members  of  the 
Calais  Bar  have  been  ''neither  few  nor  small,"  and  that 
every  one  who  faithfully  attended  to  business,  reaped 
prosperity. 

2nd.       LAWYERS, — ST.  STKPIIEN. 

St.  Stephen  has  had  fewer  members  ofthe  Bar  than 


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Calais,  hut  tlio  avorajje  aliility  has  not  l)C'(»n  inferior. 
St.  Andrews  Ix'inii;  tlio  shiro  town  of  Charlotte  Conntv, 
and  for  many  years  a  larger  villaj^e  than  St.  Sto[)hen, 
the  lawyers  have  preferred  to  reside  there.  Much  of 
the  up-river  lei^al  business  has  been  done  there ;  yet 
St.  Stephen  hns  for  many  years  numbered  among  her 
citizens,  Barristers  of  high  rank. 

B}'  the  English  Con  it  arrangement  there  are  three 
grades  of  lawyers.  Young  men  that  pass  a  satisfactory 
examination,  are  admitted  as  Attorneys.  After  two 
years,  if  their  attainments  and  ability  warrant  the  pro- 
cedure, ihey  are  advanced  to  the  rank  of  Barristers. 
Still  later,  those  of  sterling  talents  are  promoted  to  the 
grade  of  (Queen's  Counsellors.  By  f.his  wise  arrange- 
ment a  lawyer's  title  indic.ites  his  legal  attainment  and 
standing.  A  knowledge  of  this  fact  is  essential  to  a 
right  estimate  of  the  English  Bar. 

The  tlrst  law^'ers  in  St.  Stephen  were  Robert  Mow- 
att,  and  l*eter  Stubbs.  They  came  ivt  an  early  day  from 
St.  Andrews,  did  a  large  amount  of  business,  ami  were 
accounted  worthy  men.  Mr.  Mowatt  married  a  tlaugh- 
ter  of  Robert  Watson,  Si.  lioth  of  them  long  since 
went  to  that  "bourne  whence  no  traveller  returns." 

Geo.  S.  Hill,  EH(j.,a  son  of  Abner  Hill  of  Milltown, 
N.  B.,  after  receiving  a  classical  educotion  in  Dartmouth 
College,  N.  II.,  read  law  with  Judge  Chipman  of  St. 
John,  and  was  admitted  an  Attorney  in  1<S21,  and  a 
Barrister  in  IS.'iO.  He  opened  a  law  otlice  in  St.  Steph- 
en, and  immediately  gained  a  large  number  of  clients. 
But  the  peoi)le  perceiving  him  to  be  a  man  of  extensive 
information,  wide  scope  of  vision,  and  sound  judgment, 
soon  sent  him  to  the  Provincial  Parliament;  where  as 
Legislator  or  Councillor,  he  faithfully    served    his  con- 


Tin:  15AH. 


W.) 


"!)ll- 


stitiuMits  ami  comiliy  for  twenty-live  years.  lie  died 
in  1802,  beloved  und  JKjnored  by  all  who  had  niaile  his 
uc(iuaintanee. 

Alexander  Caini»i)ell,  Ksij.,  a  native  of  St.  Amlrews 
and  a  son  of  Colin  Campbell  foiinerly  High  Sheriff  of 
Charlotte  Coniit\ .  read  law  in  St.  John,  becanie  an  At- 
torney, and  in  lo.'J2  settled  in  St.  Stephen.  Two  years 
after  he  rose  to  <'.  ;  rank  ol"  Barrister,  and  soon  proved 
himself  a  sound,  able  and  reliable  lawyer.  IJnt  like 
many  others  he  was  svve[)t  away  by  the  California  gold 
fever,  and  is  now  a  prominent  lawyer  in  San  Kraneiseo. 

Stephenll.  llitchings,  Es'|.,a  nativeof  St.  Stei)hen 
and  a  son  of  Robert  Ilitehings,  read  law  with  (ieo.S.  Hill, 
Kscj.,  and  on  beeon)ing  an  attoriu^y  in  18J35,  opened  an 
ofHce  in  Milltown,  and  in  1«.'}7  atlain'Ml  the  grade  ol" 
Barrister.     lie  has  been    very   sneeesslid    in    bnsiness. 

He  is  now  the  senior  member  of  the  Bar  in  St.  Ste[»hen. 
and  widi'ly  known  iis  ajn<licioiiseonnsellor  and  valuable 
eitizen. 

'1  homas  B.  Abb(»tt,  Emj.,  came  from  the  States,  read 
law  with  CJeo.  S.ili!!.  V'sq.,  was  admitted  as  an  Attorney 
in  1JS;}7,  and  Barrister  in  1839.  He  was  well  versed  in 
law,  and  n  man  of  kind  leelings  and  genllenuudy  ad- 
dress. After  some  twent3'  years  practice,  he  "slept  with 
his  fathers." 

George  J.Thompson,  Ksc^.,  a  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr. 
Thompson,  Rector  of  Christ's  Church,  St.  Stei)hen,  was 
educated  imder  the  tuition  of  his  father,  and  read  law  in 
tile  oltice  of  Geo.  F.  Street,  Esq.,  St.  John,  afterwards 
Judge  of  the  Sui)reme  Court  of  New  Brunswick.  Hav- 
ing obtained  a  tlunough  knowledge  of  law,  he  was  ad- 
mitted as  an  Attorney  in  1837,  a  Barrister  in  183S),  and 
sid)sequently  a  C^ueen'b  Counsellor.     The  people  of  St. 


!)( 


t:ii:  bar. 


Stophcn  soon  booomo  awjiro  tli;it  in  ovorv  ro-ipoct  ho 
wMs  ;i  first  ('Ifiss  liiwyor,  hikI  entrusted  to  his  earo  a 
l.'irjre  ninount  of  leLr.'il  hnsiness ;  itnt  he  too  has  pjone 
where  ''the  wieked  cease  from  trouhlinLi;  and  the  ■weary 
are  at  rest." 

lion.  J.  G.Stevens  wns  horn  in  Edinhnrg.  Seothind, 
and  ediieated  in  th(?  University  of  tiiat  city,  and  partly 
under  tin? tuition  of  thos(»  worhl  lenowned  men.*^ir  Will- 
iam Hamilton  and  ('hristopher  North,  then  I'rofessors 
in  that  Institution.  His  fnther,  Andrew  Stevens  (M)joy- 
ed  the  freedom  of  Kdinl)ur<»;,  and  was  a  Solicitor  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Scotland,  His  mother,  a  daughter 
of  Sir  Colin  Caniphell,  was  a  ladyof  refmed  culture  and 
literary  taste.  She  occasionally  wrote  articles  for  t!ie 
periodicals  of  the  da}',  and  was  the  author  of  several 
interesting  volumes,  among  which  were  "'Llewellyn,'* 
and  ''Fanny  Fairfield." 

INIr.  Stevens  came  to  this  country  with  his  brother. 
Rev.  Andri'W  Stevens,  in  1840,  and  made  St.  Stephen 
his  home,  lie  studied  law  with  Alexander  Campbell, 
Es(j,,  a  distant  relative,  and  I).  S.  Kerr,  Ks(|.,  now  of 
St.  John,  and  became  an  Attorney  in  1845,  a  Barrister 
in  1<S47,  and  a.  Queen's  Counsel,  and  Judge  of  the 
County  Courts  in  1«()7.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Pro- 
vincial Parliament  from  l.'^dl  to  18()7,  except  during 
the  year  when  the  Anti-Confederatit)nists  were  ii>  pow- 
er. His  appointment  to  the  Hench  was  solely  for  mer- 
it.    As  a  Judge  he  commands  the   respect  of  the    Bar 

and  the  uiHjualified  Csjmmendation  of  the  people.     He  is 

the  anthor  of  the  able  "Digest  of  Law    Reports    in   the 

Courts  of  New  Brunswick,"  recently  published,  and    is 

still  busy  with  his  careful  pen.     A  great  reader,  a  deep 


TlIK    U.Wl. 


95 


tliink'or.  !i  hrinl   worker  and  n  coiiitooiis   jr.M.Moinan,  lie 
»)i(l.s  fair  to  livo  many  years  and  to  do  iiiufli  «r,„Ml. 

(icor<r("  S.  Oriintncr,  Ks(,.,  u  son  of  John  firiniinor 
of  St.  Stcplu-n.  is  a  man  of  whom  the  parish  has  every 
reason  to  be  prond.  He  rea<l  huv  with  J.  W.  Chandler, 
Esq.,  of  St.  Andrews,  gained  the  position  of  Attorney 
ill  1«17,  Barrister  in  IS-i!).  anrj  snbsecpiently  Clerk  «">f 
the  Peaee,  and  Clerk  of  tUo  Charlotte  Co,inty  Conrt. 
He  is  also  a  Queen's  Cownsellor,  and  in  IHCl  was  in  the 
Provineial  Parliament.  He  isstill  aetivelv  and  sneeess- 
fully  engaged  in  the  dnti<>s  of  his  odiee  and  i»rofession. 
Lewis  A.  Mills.  Esq.,  heeame  an  Attorney  in  l-SO;} 
and  a  Barrister  in  isd/i.  lU,  [^  .veil  n.id  in  law,  an.l  a 
?nan  of  considerable  ability. 

J.  a.  Stevens,  Jr.,  B.  A.,  a  son  of  Judge   Stevens, 
received  his  etiucation  in  the  University  of  Xeu-   Jin.ns- 
wick,  and  attained  the  station  of  Att()rne\-  in  ISGI*  and 
arnster  in   l«7l. 

dames  Mitchell,  M.  A.,  is  a  graduate  of  the  same 
eollege,  and  became  Attorney  and  B.rrister  at  the  same 
time  as  Mr.  Stevens.  These  two  yoi.ng  men  are  i,i 
partnership,  and  are  doinj^  .,  fai,-  business  and  giving 
l)romise  of  becoming  able  lawyers. 

M.  Macmonagle,  Esq.,  came  from  King's  Connty, 
is  doing  considerable  business,  gives  goo<l  satisfaction! 
and  is  evidently  a  rising  man.  He  was  admitted  At- 
torney  in  1871  and  Barrister  in  187.'3. 


( 

Of; 


F.   *   A.   MASONS. 


XI\. 

F.  &  A.  MASONS. 

It  is  coiuumUmI  by  ivH  wlio  have  t'xaiiiiiKMl  tlic  snl>- 
ject,  thiit  Musonry  is  not  only  uneient  tin<l  honoiuble, 
but  also  an  institution  friendly  to  the  best  interests  of 
humanity.  Ignoring  sects  and  parties  it  trices  to  gath- 
er all  worthy  men  into  one  democratic  fold,  and  there 
teach  them  to  walk  and  work  together  in  l)rotherlv  love. 
Tiie  Lodge  room  is  a  common  home,  where  all  stai]d 
upon  the  same  high  level,  and  are  equally  exhorted  and 
bound  to  respect,  trust  antl  assist  each  other.  Bad  men 
may  and  sometimes  do.  join  the  Fraternity,  as  unworthy 
people  are  sometimes  admitted  into  churches;  but  ihe 
intention  is  to  admit  only  the  honest ;  and  the  inliuence 
of  a  well  regulated  J^odge  is  for  good  and  good  only. 

Masonry  has  long  been  a  world-wide  fraternit}-  ; 
an<l  hence  among  the  early  settlers  of  Calais  and  St. 
Ste|)hen,  there  were  a  fcnv  brethren  of  the  mystic-tie. 
Though  coming  from  far  apart  homes,  these  brethren 
soon  recognized  their  masonic  relationship,  and  felt  a 
common  desire  to  have  some  secluded  retreat,  where 
they  could  meet  on  the  level  and  part  on  the  square. 
Such  meetings,  they  were  convinced,  would  mitigate  the 
dreariness  and  weariness  of  their  isolateil,  back-woods 
residence.  Accordingly,  after  going  through  the  need- 
ful formalities,  the  masons  began  their  work. 


F.   &    A.   MASONS. 
OHIMIAN   FKIKNDS  LODGE, ST.  STKIMIKN, 


i)7 


I' nee 

ity  ; 

St. 
•tie. 
lien 
t  a 
lere 
line. 

the 
)ods 
eed- 


wjis  instituted  Oct.  2(')lh,  1«()'.),  by  virtue  of  ;i  warnmt 
issueil  to  Samuel  Dailinu',  Kl)enezer  I{u<j;l)ee,  an«rriiti(l- 
deus  Ames,  hy  Sir  Jolni  Wentwoilli,  Baronet,  of  Hali- 
fax, D.  G.  Master  of  the  I'rovineial  (Irand  I^odj^e  ol' 
Nova  Scotia.  Anion*^  the  prominent  memi)ers  of  tins 
Lodge  were  William  Todd,  Sr.,  .laeoh  Young,  Shuhael 
Downcs,  .Joseph  Whitney,  John  Cottiell,  Daniel  Whit- 
ney, Jonathan  Rogers,  Samuel  Stuart  and  others: 
and  managed  l»y  such  men,  the  institution,  for  a  time, 
enjoyed  great  prosperity.  But  by  the  death  or  removal 
of  many  of  its  most  active  and  reliable  members,  the 
Lodge  at  last  became  so  reduced  that  about  1JS22.  it 
resigned  its  charter  an  1  ceased  to  exist. 

SUSSKX    LODGE,  NO.  327. ST.  STEPHEN, 

was  instituted  Mar.  17,  164G,  under  a  warrant  from  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Ireland,  issued  l)v  Augustus  Frederic, 
Duke  of  Leimster,  and  granted  to  Dugald  Blair,  M.  D., 
Thomas  W.  Rogers,  and  James  Frink.  This  Lodge, 
although,  with  ail  other  lodges  of  the  Province,  in  IMdH 
it  gave  up  its  Irish  warrant  and  received  a  charter 
from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  New  Brunswick,  has  retained 
its  name  and  continued  its  work  without  interrrui)tion 
to  the  i)resenttime  :  and  it  is  now  in  healthy  and  vigorous 
condition.  Its  ollicers  are  Samuel  Weelock,  M  ;  An- 
dre-,",  McFarlane,  S.  W. ;  K.  G.  Vroom,  J.  W. 

There  have  been  two  Royal  Arch  Chai)ters  in  St. 
Stephen.  The  first  received  its  warrant  from  the 
Grand  Chapter  of  Ireland  ;  f)ut  like  Sussex  Lodge,  it 
surrendered  its  Irish  warrant,  and  in  1868  received  a 
charter  from  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Scotland,  by  which 


'■•><  V.    A    A.    MASONS. 

it  nM'oivos  its  iimiiic  mikI  miinhiT  : — Sr.  Stkpiikn  R.  A. 
Cfiaitkk,  Xn.  12").  Its  present  u(!icers  are  Hugh 
McKiiy.  II.  1'.  :  (Jcoroc  F.  IMri'lar.  K.  :  K.O.  Vroom,  S. 
It  is  doinu  well. 

TIIK    sr.   STKIMIKX    KNCAMPMKNT     OF    K\I»;nTS    TKMIM.AK, 

()r<>faiii/<'(l  in  1«72.  has  ;i  ch.trtor  IVom  \\\v  ''(irnnd  Ue- 
liiiious  mikI  Militai  V  Onh'rs  ol'thc  Tcinpio  jind  Ilospitnl" 
oC  Sootlniid.  Its  ollic'(!rs  are  Win.  \':m<jfh;u).  Kininont 
Coinninnder  ;  I>!ivi<^  M;iin,Snl)  Trior  :  J.I  I.  Hose,  Mare- 
selial.  This  Couinianderv  is  in  jj;oo(l  order  aud  vveil 
sni)|)orted. 


ST.    f'ROIX    LODGK, — CALAIS. 

On  tho  downfall  of  Sussex  Lod^ro  in  1H22,  the  Ma- 
;ions  ill  Cnlais  felt  it  to  be  their  privile<2:o  and  duty  to 
start  a  Lod«ie  on  the  American  side  of  the  river.  Ae- 
eordinijly  after  mature  de]il)eration,  a  petition  for  a 
Charter  wt\s  sent  to  the  Grand  Lodge.  The  petition- 
ers were 


Joseph  Whitney, 
Thodore  Jones, 
Asa  A    Pond. 
KluMiezer  Kendinir, 
Willi;im  (loodwin. 
William  Smith, 
David  Duren, 


Charles  Sprinfj, 
Isaac  Lnne, 
Samuel  Dnrlinof, 
Rufus  K.  Lane, 
John   Brewer. 
Lorenzo  Rockwood, 
John   Hall. 


The  Grand  T^odge  granted  the  re(|ucst.  April  1'  i, 
1824  ;  and  in  the  following  December,  "St.  Croix  Lodge 
OF  F'hkr  and  Accepted  ^Lvsons,  No,  4G,"  was  duly  or- 
ganizecL     Tli'^  oflicers  elected  were 

Asa  A.  Pond,  W.  M.  John  Hall,  S.  W. 

Eben.  Reading,  J.  W.  Wm.  Pike,  Sec'y. 


K.    X     A.    M\S«>N>. 


w 


1, 

I  DOE 

or- 


ThtMxlorr  .loiKs.  S.  I).  .loliii  Milliki'ii,  .1.  I). 

The  nu'L'tiii^s  <it"lli('  l.<»(l<i('  wnc  h.lil  in  ;i  cIimiiiIm'I' 
or  IimII  ill  till'  1.  (tf  11k!  iim  near  the  coriicr  ol"  Main  mikI 
Cliurch  Sts.  Her*'  it  worUtMl  and  piospt'iiMJ  mivlcr  its 
Warrntit  ol"  Disix'iisation.  till  .Iiim'  21,  l-s-iC.  wlicii.  in 
the  iK'W  ("()n»iiT*iati()!ial  Clmrcli.  it  was  solcniulv  coii- 
socratcd  by  I.ihln  iis  liailcy.  I).  1).  (i.  M.  of  tlu'  C.tli 
District.  A  lariic  aiKlicncc  was  present,  an  1  the  ser- 
vices w«'re  very  inipressi\c.  The  ollieer.^  instaMtNl  on 
the  occasion,  were  thesjinu'as  those  al)ove  named,  ex- 
copt 

Win.  (ioodwin,  S.  W.  Gf^o.  Downes.  .J.  W. 

Martin  Mesi    ,e,  Treas.      Isaac  J^.me,  ,].  1). 

JNIutthew  na'!tijj.s,S.S.       Newell  Bond.  J.  S. 

Thomas  MeFarhine,  Tyler. 

.Shortly  .it'ter,  the  L  ol"  the  inn.  containln^!:  the 
Lodge  room  was  removed  to  Salem  St.,  and  converted 
into  a  dv.ellini^  house, — tl'c  Simpson  hnildini;.  A  new 
and  hu:>er  w'lwj:  to  the  inn  was 'Jiected,  havinyr  a  lari»er 
and  more  convenient  liall  ;  and  he)e  the  Lodge  met  antl 
prospereti  tor  three  years. 

In  l.S'il).  the  Anti-masonic  nunia  reached  Calais; 
and  so  intense  was  the  i)id)lic  Teeling,  that  in  the  latter 
part  of  this  year,  St.  Croix  LodjLjc  an<l  most  others  in 
the  country  deemed  it  prudent  to  sus[)end  work  and 
cease  to  hold  meetings.  Aecordinijly  the  furniture, 
jewels,  chaiter  and  records  were  packed  in  boxes  and 
stored  in  the  aiite-room.  and  the  hall  deserted.  A  few 
years  alter,  the  inn  was  burned,  and  the  Lodj^.-  lost  all 
its  property  except  its  Seal,  which  was  in  the  hands  of 
ics  secretary. 

For  fifteen  long  years  the  Fraternity  waited  for  the 
epidemic  to  subside  and  the  right  hour  to  come  to  call 


100  F.   &   A.    MASONS. 

tlicin  Mjjjaiii  to  labor.  All  <nv\v  rusty,  mikI  not  ji  low  en- 
tirely ror<;(>t  all  the  .iiee  points  in  the  work  and  leetnres. 
The  rit^ht  tiineennie  at  last.  Jan.  11,  1S44,  the  (irand 
Lo(l<ie  met  in  An<rnsta,  and  M.Mtlhew  Ilastin<j;s,  then  a 
meniher  of  the  Leni.slature,  in  the  name  ol' his  brethren 
in  Calais,  rcMjuested  it  to  «r|'{int  u  Dis[)ensation  enipover- 
in<i;  the  St.  Croix  Lodge  to  resume  its  work,  'i'lie 
re(juest  was  complied  with  ;  and  June  i,  1844, the  Lodge 
met  at  Milltown  in  ihe  buildin<jj  now  oceupied  by  S. 
Adams.  At  the  next  meeting,  June  8,  the  Ibllowing 
olHcers  were  elected  : 


i\L  Hastings,  M. 
tSeth  Kmerson,  J.  W. 
John  JNIanning,  See'v. 
W.  iL  Tobie,  J.  D. 
AliVed  IJerry,  J.  S. 


Joshua  Veazie,  S.  W. 
Wui.  lioardinan,  Treas. 
li.  L.  Lowell,  S.  I). 
Thomas  McFarlane,  S.  S. 
Isaac  Lane,  Tylei". 


Aug.  7,  1844,  the  J^odge  moved  into  Bishop  and 
lierry's  Hall  on  Point  St.,  and  the  same  evening  'voted 
that  the  Regular  Communication  should  be  on  i^-he  Mon- 
day preceding  the  full  moon."  The  rules  oi'the  Gruiid 
Lodge  were  also  adopted  the  same  evening. 

At  the  annual  meeting  in  .hinuar}',  1845,  Joshua 
Venzie  was  chosen  M.,  Seth  Emeison,  S.  W.,  and  L. 
L.  Lowell,  J.  W. 

In  the  Spring,  the  Lcxlge  (imdng  its  room  incon- 
venient, moved  into  a  hall  titted  for  its  use,  in  the  L  of 
the  house  now  owned  by  the  heirs  ot  John  Goodwin, 
and  used  as  a  school-room.  May  2i),  1845,  it  received 
a  nevt^  Charter  without  expense  ;  and  was  again  in  good 
working  order. 

But  the  quarters  of  the  Lodge  were  still  not  satis- 
factory ;  and  during  the  Summer  an  arrangement  was 
made  with  the  Congregaiionalii-t  Society,  to  erect  a  two 


I'.    X     A.    MASONS. 


illl 


lua 
L. 

.of 
in, 

ved 
)ck1 


stf)ry  l)iiil<liiijj,' ;  the  lower  tlooi'  to  lie  m  vcsti'v.  .'iinl  tin- 
U|)|»('i'  llooi*  M  li.'ill  lor  Masonic  use.  Scpl.  .">(►.  \x\'>. 
the  eonicr  sloiic  was  hiid  in  dni'  and  ainplf  loin)  liy 
.leiTmiali  bowler.  I).  1).  (i.  M.,  and  an  apjuopria!*' 
address  delivi'ifd  Ity  \\v\ .  James  All»'\ .  Ivcrloc  ol"  a 
Clinrcli  in  St.  Andrews.  .N.  15.  'I'lie  lionsc  was  lini^lu'd 
the  next  .season.  !in<l  (Mcn|>ied  lor  the  lirsi  time,  Dee. 
lM,  iHir,. 

It  seemed  as  il'tiie  poor,  wandtrinii  Lod^e  had  at 
hist  found  a  permanent  home;  l)nt  new  trials  soon  e.'ime. 
The  parish  insisted  that  the  hall  should  Itc  used  lor 
Masonic  purposes  only.  Tli"  Masons  insisted  that 
they  shouhl  eonti"(d  it  a>  they  pleased  ;  nnd  a  Ion*""  war 
of  woi'ds  ensued.  iirsi'lcs,  the  Lodue  was  poor  and 
unahle  to  pay  its  half  of  the  buildinu:expenses.  Finally 
discoura<jfem"nt  set  in,  :iiid  Oct.  2;").  l.slT  it  was  "'votivl 
that  St.  Croix  Lod.i»e  cease  to  hold  meetin<!;s  in  this 
plaee,  from  and  aftc;  this  «'venin<i-."  N'irtually  the 
Lodge  disbanded. 

I>tit  duriuii  the  AVintei',  better  thoughts  and  coun- 
sels came.  'rii«'  possibilities  <>1  the  exigency  were  am- 
icably talked  oxer,  and  thr<»u<ih  the  instrumentality  of 
L.  L.  Lowell,  a  n)ember  both  of  the  parish  ;ind  Lodge, 
the  h.all  was  leaseil  ;  and  ALir.  10,  IrSls.  the  biethren 
again  met  in  it,  and  <jnee  more  reo?-ganized,  choosing 
\Vm.  IL  Tyler,  \V.  M.  :  ALitthew  IListings.  S.  W.  ;  and 
F»'ank  Williams.  J.  W.  StMted  and  special  meetings 
continued  to  be  held  and  i)rosperity  ensued. 

In  accordance  with  an  Act  of  the  Legislature,  the 
Lodge  was  legally  incojporated,  Mar.  (»,  1 'S,')l ,  and  soon 
after  it  purchased  the  hall  for  only  SGOO.  and  thus  o]»- 
tained  fidl  and  peaceable  possession  of  a  home.  Here 
for  sixteen  years,  after  the  quiet  nninner  ol  the  Frater- 


102 


V.   A    A.    MASONS. 


nity,  it  cultivated  "hrotlicrly  love,  relief  mid  truth." 

Ill  the  Winter  of  IHO.'i-l,  the  KiotherH  who  had  al- 
vaiieed  to  the  \i.  A.  <le<.;reo,  heiiiji  di^iroiis  of  onjoyin*; 
the  Iwrther  heiiedts  of  the  Order,  took  the  proper  steps 
to  ostahlish  a  Royal  Areh  Chapter.  A  Disp  'usatlon 
was  granted  to  them,  April  1 '»,  IHdl,  and  a  CMiarter, 
May  1,  IHi;."*.  The  first  ollieers  of  St.  Croix  R.  A. 
Chapter,  No.  17,  wer«  B.  M.  Kliut,  II.  1*.  ;  L  ^  Lowell, 
K.  ;  Jaiin'S  Maiininfjf,  Serilie  :  W.  II,  Tyler,  Socretary. 
The  Chapter  has  evei'  heen  prosperous;  and  there  are 
at  present  ahout  IM  Companions.  The  St.  Croix 
Council  of  R.  &  S.  IM.  received  its  Charter.  Nov.  27, 
IMIW;.  The  first  oflicers  were  R.  .M.  Flint,  T.  I.  M.  ; 
I).  K.  Seymour,  R.  I.  M.  :  K.  K.  Km(Mson,  I.  M.  ;  L. 
C.  Uailey.  Recorder.  The  present  numlier  of  niern- 
hers  is  ahout  70.  The  Lod<;e  meets  on  the  first  Mon- 
day, the  Chapter  on  the  first  Tuesday,  and  the  Council 
on  tilt  second  'i'hursday  of  each  month. 

l)urin<;  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  many  of  the 
brothers  enlisted  in  the  army  of  the  Republic; ;  all  fought 
brav(dy,  fieveral  attained  hi<rh  rank,  and  not  a  few  lost 
their  lives  in  defending  and  maintaining  the  Union. 

All  the  affairs  of  the  Order  continued  to  run  smooth- 
ly till  Aug.  1H7I),  when  its  home  was  consumed  by  the 
great  fire  that  devastated  the  business  part  of  the  city. 
Hut  the  ago  of  discouragement  had  long  ago  ended.  A 
small  hall  was  hired,  and  work  went  on  as  usual.  The 
next  year  a  large  hall  was  obtained,  finished  and  tltted 
up  with  ample  accommodations  and  conveniences.  It 
was  dedicated  Feb.  22,  ls72,— the  late  M.  W.  M.  John 
II.  Lynde  oiliciating.  Since  then,  nothing  noteworthy 
has  transpired. 

Many  members  of  the  Lodge  have  moved  out  of  the 


m 


F.   A     v.   MA.SON.s. 


lo;{ 


city,  m.-giv  linvi' l.ccii  siimiiioiM'd  to  tin-  (h.mikI  \au\>h^ 
alM»v«';  hut  ovt'i-  twoliiiiKlrnl  still  rciimin.  Of  the  si^v- 
»'iit('('iiMjist»'rsulu)liav*'«M'cii|)i(M|  the  Clmir  inthcKast, 
only  Hovon  miv  livinir.  IJrs.  iMattlu'w  Ilastin^rs.  .I„slnin 
VcMzic,  Frank  Williams,  I).  M.  ({aidiicr  and  .1.  C. 
Koc'kwood.hcid  tlu-  hjuju'st  <,lli,.(.  in  tlu"  I.ndov,  lour 
yt'ars  each.  Win.  Mel  Icniy,  who  fonirht  in  the  army 
of  the  Iron  Duke  at  Waterloo,  HcrviMJ  as  TyliT  lor  sev- 
♦'i.tccn  years,  and  never  failed  to  jruard  well  the  door. 
Unfus  Carver  was  sixteen  years  Treasurer,  and  L.  L. 
Lowell  twi'lve  years  Secretary.  Hrs.  S(.th 'I'ownsend, 
the  lirst  initiate,  M.  Ilastinos,  the  third,  and  Seth 
Kmerson  our  of*  the  lirst  nien;».ers,  althouoii  consider- 
a])ly  over  three  score  and  ten,  still  retain  their  lirst  love 
for  the  Order,  and  occasionally  participate  in  its  meet- 
injrs.  A  lonjr  and  useful  career  for  the  Institution,  now 
seems  inevitable. 


104 


(•ONd.  CIirUCH, CALAIS. 


XV. 

rONdliKdA  TIONA  L   ( 'nVIiCn,~CA LAIS. 

Rev.  DuiK'aii  M'C'oll  in  his  Diniy,  stntcs  tlint  in 
1'S(K;.  '"Ihc  pt'opic  of  Calais  t  ii«j,aii('(l  a  C'oii^ivtiation- 
alist  Minister  to  prearli  to  tlicni  "  The  nanw  of  this 
(•h'i\iiynian  is  not  <>;iv(Mi,  .i:><l  the  h-nuth  of  tinu'  he  fc- 
niaiiH'd  in  the  place  is  not  mentioned.  l»nt  nn(jnesvion- 
a)>ly  this  was  the  lirst  ('oniirei>"ational  mo\('in<'nt  in  the 
town,  and  the  man  then  en^a^ccl  was  the  lirst  settled 
pastoi"  in  ('alais.  He  prohahly  preacljed  here  only  a 
f\'w  weeks  or  months  at  most. 

Rev.  Mr.  M'Coll  Inrther  states  that  in  1«11,  -the 
peoph' of  Calais  emi)loyed  Hev.  Mr.  Abhod,"  (pro])al»ly 
Abbott)  "'A  Conureuationalist  :j,"entleman,  to  preach  I'or 
them  six  months,"  We  are  not  informed  what  persons 
wore  the  leaders  in  this  niovement.  bnt  the  event  dis- 
closes an  (^tirly  tendency  amonjj;  the  [x^ople  towards  Con- 
urciiationalism.  In  fact  a  conmmnity  so  democratic 
as  this  was.  conld  to'erate  no  other  form  of  clmrch  <!,"ov- 
ernment. 

After  this  date,  at  varions  times  came  Kev.  Mr. 
Adams.  Ivev.  Klijah  Kelloii.  and  probably  others,  serv- 
in<i,'  as  missionaries  and  ni^uinu'  the  ]»eople  to  i>roater 
zeal  and  a  moi'e  united  and  defmite  effort  in  tlu>  direct- 
ion of  moi'alitv  and  Christianit\'.     The  u'ood    sei'd    i>vr- 


r()N(i.    <  IiriUII, — ("ALAIS.  H).'> 

miimtcd.  The  lu'ttcr  flass  of  citizens  bin-aiiu'  disnust- 
ed  with  tiio  clmrciiloss  lu'iUluMiisiii  of  tho  place,  and  re- 
solved if  j)ossiliie  to  inaiigiiiate  a  nunv  respeetahle  and 
reliiiious  state  ol'soeietv. 

After  lonuj  deliberation,  iinieli  talk  and  many 
prayers,  the  auspicious  moment  eaine.  and  a  decisive 
movement  was  made  in  the  ri^lit  direction.  In  the  old 
(ventral  School  House,  A\\<x.  17.  1^2.').  a  day  never  to 
be  forgotten,  "the  tii'st  ('()n<,!:re«:;ational  ('hurcli  in  Cal- 
ais." was  duly  or<i;anize<l.  lu'vs.  Klijali  Kellog  of  Port- 
land, .Fonathan  Hiu'elow  of  Lul)ee,  and  Alexander 
McLaneof  St.  Andrews.  were])resent  and  conducted  the 
service.  Kijiht  pei>ons  imited  in  the  church  relation  : 
three  men  and  live  w<nnen.  Their  names  were  Ama- 
ziah  Nash,  Daniel  Mcl)()u«;al,  K.  M.  1*.  Wells,  Mary 
M.  Jellison,  Jane  Darlinji;,  Lydia  Christoi)her,  Lucy 
(iates,  Mary  Ann  lioies.  The  five  ladies  were  married, 
and  their  less  devout  or  more  scruinilous  husbands 
were  at  least  not  oj)posed  to  the  «;ood  work  goin<2:  '^>n- 
The  live  families  were  thus  enlisted  on   the   rii^ht    -^'de. 

Innnediately,  Mr.  K.  M.  1*.  Wells,  who  does  not 
appear  to  have  been  an  (H'dained  clerjiynian,  but  a  <!:o()d 
man,be<2^an  to  preach  to  the  little  church  and  its  friends  ; 
and  he  continued  to  dispense  the  (iosiH'l  acceptably  for 
about  two  years.  There  was  no  sudden  trrowth,  yet  in 
1H2(>,  one  more  member  was  added  to  the  C'hurch, — 
Mrs.  Mary  Arnold  ;and  thusanother  family  was  secured 
for  the  Society. 

Meanwhile  an  important  advance  movement  was 
made.  A  lar<!;e,  handsome  and  connnodious  meetin^i- 
house  was  erected.  The  lot  of  land  and  the  avenue 
leadin<i,  to  it,  were  <»;iven  in  e(jual  shares  by  I)ea.  Sam- 
uel Kelley  and  Jones  Dyer,  Esq.     The  money  and    m:;- 


pv 


lot; 


CONG,   (urucrr. — r-ALAis. 


tcrial  ucrc  furnislKMl  by  tlic  citizens  irciicially.  without 
rcfjjanl  to  sect  or  Ik'UcI'.  Tlic  Hiiil-'liiLfCoiiiiiiittoc  wore 
Hon.  Anson  (i.  CliaiKllcr,  Dr.  S.  S.  Whipple,  and  ('apt. 
Jarins  Kccno.  The  House  was  (U'dicatcd  Sept.  !),  1H2(). 
the  sermon  was  delivered  liy  Rev.  Mr.  ( iah' of'Kasfport. 
All  hut  seven  of  the  pews  were  iiMin<'diately  sold  at 
auction.  I )rin<ji:intji;  SI 7(!1 . — a  very  satisfactory  amount 
for  the  time  an<l  place  'I'he  hi<2;hesl  prices  were  paid 
hy  Samuel  Kelly  and  Asa  l*on<l.  Only  three  of  the 
ori<j;inal  purchasers  are  now  livin*:;, — Sanniel  Kelley, 
Matthew  Ilastinus  and  Scth  Kmerson  ;  and  it  is  a  cu- 
rious fact  that  at  presi'ut,  the  first  is  a  liai)tist ;  the  sec- 
ond, a  Methodist  ;  and  the  thii'd.  a  I'niversalist, 

The  Soi-ietv  thus  happilv  inaimurated.  had  everv- 
thiuij  ill  its  favor.  It  was  the  only  live  religious  or!j:an- 
ization  in  the  then  thrivinu'  town  ;  it  had  :i  handsome 
house  and  a  lari^e  con<jfre<j;ation  ;  the  leadin^j;  men  in  the 
place  were  its  friends  and  sup[)orters  :  pious  women 
<;ave  to  it  their  love  ami  prayers;  its  con<>;re^ational 
policy  accorded  with  the  feelin<i;s  of  the  people;  and  its 
permanent  ))rosp(>rity  was  assured.  Calais  certainly 
had  ijood  reason  to  he  proud  of  this  new  and  noble  in- 
stitution, and  hapt»y  in  its  sacred  intJuence. 

The  next  year,  four  a<lditionai  members  were  ad- 
mitted into  the  Church.  'I'hev  were  Sanmel  F.  Barker, 
Aima  I).  Barker.  Sarah  F.  Deminjz:.  and  Flizabeth 
Carleton.  This  was  enco(n"a<j:in<»;.  A  Sunthiy-school 
was  also  oruanized. — the  first  one  in  town,  and  Dea. 
Sanmel  Kelly  elected  Superintendent.  I'he  scliool  thus 
Itejiun.  is  still  tlourishinji;.  Durinu"  the  year,  Mr.  Wells 
retired  from  tlu'  pulpit  ;  and  for  a  time.  Hev.  Mr.  Mc- 
Fwen.  and  Moses  Church,  conducted   the    Sundav    ser- 


(:ON(;.   ciuucii, — (  alais. 


10" 


K'tb 
iiool 
!)(';». 
hiis 
(>lls 
iMc- 

SIT- 


viecs.      Tlu'V   nrc    n'luciiilKMH'd    jis    j»i<)us   jind    iMillifnl 
worKuK'ii. 

The    next   year,    1H2H.    aiiotluT   ausjticious    event 
transpired.      lion.  (Jeorir*'  Downes, 


one  of  tlie  wealthi- 
est and  most  inlluential  men  in  town,  with  his  exeeilent 
wife,  joine<l  the(  Imreh  and  became  from  that  lime,  de- 
voted workeis  for  the  Society.  A  mofc  fn'm  and  settled 
policy  was  now  adopted.  Hev.  Aaron  li.  Church,  a 
twin  itrother  of  Moses  Chm'ch,  was  chosen  })ast(tr.  Oct. 
2,  1H2H,  and  retained  tlie  otiice  about  live  and  a  half 
tV  <rood  Droof  oftlu'  wis<lom  of  this  choice,  and 


vcars. 


the  edicieney  <>!' the  pastor,  is  the  fact  that  dnrinu"  his 
ministry,  forty-thret'  })ersons  were  added  to  the  Church. 
Near  the  close  of  his  pastoi'ate.  he  iiad  a  public  discus- 
sion in  the  Central  School  House,  with  Rev.  Wm.  A. 
Whitwell,  I'nitaiian.  It  is  not  certain  that  any  <X(hh\ 
was  done.  Some  time  in  tills  yeai'.  l.s;>4,  but  |)robal>ly 
not  until  after  the  resionation  of  Mr.  Church,  the  1st 
Con<i:re<iational  Pai'ish  was  oiirjinized.  It  contained 
sixteen  memiters.  only  three  of  whom  ai'c  now  livinii". 
viz  :  Asher  Hassford,  Louis  AVilson  and  vSanmel  ,Iohnson. 

The  next  pastor  was  liev.  Kber  Child,  an  easy  yet 
earnest  speaker,  w  ho  won  the  hearts  of  all  his  hearers. 
His  pastorate  bei»an.lau.  1,  l.s;};"),  and  continued  a  little 
more  than  two  years,  when  illness  compelled  him  to  rc- 
si<2;n.  In  the  financially  uioomy  Winter  of  l8;i(>,  when 
so  many  earthly  hopes  were  crushed,  the  public  min<i 
instinctively  turned  to  the  All  Fatlier.  and  a  sweepinji' 
revival  of  religious  interest  ensued.  Forty-seven  p<'r- 
sons  in  that  year  and  tiu'  next,  wt're  added  to  the 
Church.  Thus  in  the  midst  of  adversity,  there  was 
great  ecclesiastical  prosperity. 

Mr.  Franklin   Yeaton,  a    student   from  the  liauiic^r 


f  ^•^' 


108  C()N(;.   ciii'itcn, — calais. 

Thor)lo<j^ical  Soiiiinarv.  n  vorv  tjilcMitcd  y()un<»:  irian.  bc- 
gjui  siii)|)lyiiif2;  tlic  pulpit,  Sept.  2.  is;i7.  and  rcrnainod 
about  cloven  months.  Tlu' visible  icsnlt  of  his  ministry 
was  the  addition  of  seven  niombeis  to  th(?  Chnreh.  The 
parish  nnjinimously  invited  liini  to  remain  and  be  or- 
dained and  installed  as  pastor  :  but  illness  and  the  se- 
verity of  the  climate  comi)elled  him  to  leave. 

After  him,  Mr.  Batchelder  supi)lied  the  pulpit  for 
a  3'ear,  beginning  ni  Sept.  ls;5,s.  lie  was  a  very  worthy 
and  i)ions  man  :  but  contrasted  with  tiowery  and  elo- 
(pient  Yeaton,  he  seemed  a  dull  and  cold  sermonizer. 
Nevertheless  seven  more  members  were  added  to  the 
Church  during  his  short  ministry,  and  the  parish  was 
stronger  than  ever  before. 

Next  came  Rev.  Dr.  S.  H.  Keeler  of  Amesburv 
Mills.  Mass.  He  conunenced  his  pastorate,  Nov.  20, 
1839,  and  noblv  tilled  the  otlice  for  twentv-ei"ht  vear.^. 
He  was  a  rii)e  scholar,  a  respected  citizen,  an  able  man- 
ager, an  interesting  preacher,  and  a  warm,  true,  pious 
Christian.  His  amiable  wife  readilv  won  the  hearts  of 
all  her  ac(juaintances.  Throughout  his  long  ministry, 
the  parish  glidecl  along  smoothly,  pleasantly,  prosper- 
ously. There  was  no  trouble,  no  complaint,  no  dissat- 
isfaction, worth  rec<)rdirk<?.  Evidentlv  he  was  the  risjrht 
man  in  the  right  place.  On  the  tirst  Sunday  in  July, 
18;")0. — a  year  madegkumiy  by  tinancial  prostration  and 
failure,  twenty-seven  i)ersons  were  added  to  the  Church  ; 
and  during  Dr.  Keeler's  pastorate,  about  two  hundred, 
(ireater  success  it  would  be  ditlicult  to  find  in  anv 
parish  in  any  part  of  the  country. 

In  1841),  the  congregation  having  become  too  large 
for  the  meeting-house,  it  was  remodelled  and  enlarged  ; 
at  an  expense  of  about  $4000.     The  liuilding  Committee 


coNc.  cinucn, — <  ai.ais 


100 


•ts  of 
istry, 
>sper- 
issat- 
riiiht 
July, 
n  Jiiul 
mvh  ; 
idred. 
any 

large 
r<?ed ; 
nittoe 


wore  L.  L.  Lowell,  Ks(j..  Ilcm.  A.  (i.  (Miaixllcr.  and 
JaiTU's  ('.  Swan,  Ks(|.  Tliirty  feet  were  added  to  the 
U'n<i:tli  <»rtli('  house,  and  twenty  ad-litional  pews  put  in  ; 
iijivinii'  tlic  ediliee  more  comely  pi'oportions.  and  a  more 
eonmiodious  ananiicment.  It  liad  been  in  n>e  al»(»ut 
twenty-three  years,  and  it  eonlinuefj  to  l»e  used  as  a 
phiee  of  woi'ship  ahont  twcnty-tlu'ee  years  moi'e.  In 
1H72.  it  was  sold  to  \\ .  \V.  l*ike.  moveil  to  ("Imreh  St., 
eouverted  into  an  op*'ra  house,  and  festive  h:dl  :  in 
which  condition  it  bids  fail-  to  )>e  useful  to  the  pul)li<' 
for  many  years. 

The  Church  at  first  adoptcfl.  and  pi'obably  without 
much  discussion,  the  Calvinistic  creed  then  <i:enei"ally 
iield  by  most  Couijreoationalist  churches  in  New  Kn<x- 
land  :  but  in  IS.")."),  in  conseiiuence  of  some  drift  in  be- 
lief or  fecliuiif.  it  frauKvl  and  ado[)ted  the  followinu; 
''Confession  of  faith."     It  recpiires, 

1.  ''Belief  in  one  (lod,  revealed  in  his  Word,  as  the 
Father.  Son,  and  Holy  (ihost  :  and  that  these  three  are 
essentially  one,  and  equal  in  all  divine  nttriltutes. 

2.  Belief  that  the  Bible  is  the  Word  ol' ( Jod.  written 
by  holy  men  as  thev  were  movi'd  bv  the  lloh  (ihost  : 
.and  that  it  is  the  only  rule  of  faith  and  [)ractice. 

3.  Belief  that  (iod  createcl  all  thinus  for  his  own 
ijlory  ;  that  known  to  him  ai'c  all  his  works  from  the 
be<rinnini2: ;  and  that  in  i)erfeet  consisteney  with  man's 
free  agency  and  accountability,  lie  governs  all  things 
aeeording  to  the  counsel  of  his  own  free-will. 

4.  Belief  that  the  first  parents  of  our  raee  were  cre- 
ated holy  ;  that  they  became  sinners  by  disobeying  (Jod  : 
and  that  in  consecpience  of  their  fall,  all  their  i)osterit>-' 
are  destitute  of  iioliness,  until  regenerated  by  the  Holy 
Spirit. 


110  0<)N(;.     flirKCII, — CALAIS. 

').  BclicC  thai  (iod  in  incicy  uavchis  Son  to  die  for 
our  rncc  ;  and  that  in  fonstMjUcncc  ol'  the  suMcrinus  and 
death  of  Ciwist.  (iod  is  not  onlv  just  wliiU'  ho  justifies 
everv  hciicvci*,  hut  freely  oilers  salvation  to  all  on  con- 
dition of  faith  and  n'lK'ntanee. 

(').  lielief  that  all  who  l)e(*oino  Christians  "'wore  chos- 
en of  Christ  lu'fore  the  foinidation  of  the  world,  and  that 
they  are  saved,  not  l»y  woiks  ol  riiihteousness  which 
they  ha\('done.  hut  accoi'diiiii;  to  the  mercy  of  (lod.  hy 
the  washing'' of  re<:;encration  and  renewiny;  of  the  Holy 
Ghost." 

7.  Belief  that  the  Spirit  in  reijeneralinii:  the  heail. 
so  uniformly  ()[)erates  in  coiuiection  with  the  means  (►f 
urace,  that  none  are  ordinarily  saved,  without  a  i)roj)er 
use  of  them. 

-S.  lielief  that  all  who  are  in  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ, 
will  he  ke[)t  1>n  the  i)ower  of  (iod  unto  salvation  ;  and 
that  the  host  evidence  of  beinir  in  Christ,  is  a  holy  life. 

!>.  lielief  in  the  resurrection  of  the  fiend  and  in  a 
day  of  fmal  juduinent,  when  the  wicked  will  <i:o  awa}' 
into  ev<'rlasting  [)unishinent,  and  the  righteous  into  life 
eternal. 

10.  lielief  that  Christ  has  a  visihh'  Church  on  earth, 
the  terms  of  admission  to  which  are  Scri[)tural  eviden- 
ces of  faith  in  him.  and  a  j)ul>l!c  profession  of  that  faith. 

11.  lielief  that  Christ  estahlished  two  Sacraments 
to  he  ohsei  ve;l  in  his  Church  to  the  end  of  time  ;  viz  : 
liapii.-im  and  the  Lord's  Sup[)er  ;  that  the  Lord's  Sui)per 
is  to  1)0  administered  only  to  memhers  of  the  visible 
Church  in  regular  standing,  and  that  Baptism  is  to  be 
administered  only  to  believers  and  their  households." 

This  creed  has  for  the  i)ast  twent}'  years  been  gen- 
erally deemed  satisfactory  ;  but    the   onward    march   of 


jiy 

ite 

h, 
'11- 

ith. 

Ills 

iz  : 

nT 

hie 
be 

teii- 
ol" 


roMi.   (  iin{(  II.—  (  Ai.Ais  1  I  1 

tlioiiillit  lijis  (liscloscd  some  drt't'cls  in  its  \\>\\\\  nl'stiilc- 
iiu'iit  iiiid  pci'li.'ips  in  its  spii'it  ;  mikI  Ihmicc  m  inost'incnt 
Ih  ijoiii^  oil  lor  its  revision. 

In  N<>\('inl)t'i'.  ls('»<s.  I^i>\-.  Wm.  Cnn  ntlicrs  IVoni 
Daiivcrs.  M;iss..  Mssunicd  the  p.-istorn!  c'lri-  ol"  llic  So- 
ciety. n;i\  in<i' provcfl  liiinst'ir  .'I  u\'nti('in;iii  ol"  rdincl 
t.'istc.  pK'.'is.Miit  address  and  iin(|iiesti(>n;il)Ie  pietv.  in 
1.S71  lie  was  I'orni.'dly  inst.'dled  as  pastor:  and  in  nil 
l)i'ol»al»ility  lie  will  i\  tain  the  olliee  many  yeais. 

In  1^71,  it  hein^"  manifest  that  the  nieetini^-jioiise 
was  old.  too  small,  somewhat  out  oCrepaii'.  and  desti- 
tute of  a  ve,- try.  the  parish  resolved  to  eiA'ct  ;i  new. 
mort'  elegant  and  more  eonnnodions  editiee,  ;ind  soon 
after,  the  dem-.  ohl.  n>li<iions  home  was  soM.  When 
the  last  meeting  was  h<'ld  in  it .  May  •J<!th.  \>^7'2.  the 
pastor  delivere(l  an  elocpient  address,  appiopriate  to  the 
occasion  ;  and  then  the  con^reixation,  with  many  a  ti'ai- 
and  many  a  hallowed  i-eminiscence,  hid  it  a  final  fare- 
well. A  new  ehnrcli  has  since  heen  erected  near  the 
site  of  the  old  one.  at  a  cost  of  about  S'i'J.OlH).  It  is  a 
lar^jje,  sui)stantial,  and  handsonu'  structure,  containinii' 
114  pews,  and  havinii"  all  the  modern  improvements  and 
conveniences  of  a  first  class  church.  There  is  no  better 
house  in  the  county.  It  was  solemnly  dedicatecl  in  An- 
li'ust,  l.S7;>.  The  sermon  was  by  the  pastor:  I)rs.  Keelei- 
and  Carruthers  assisttvl  in  the  service;  a  lar^e  audience 
was    i)rt'sent  :   and  the    scene    was    deeply    imi)!('ssive. 

Since  its  oiiianization,  UH  persons  have  heen 
members  of  the  church  ;  and  althouixh  ••many  have  fal- 
len asleep"  and  many  have  moved  awav,  it  is  still  the 
larixest  ecclesiastical  or<i;anizatiou  in  town.  The  parish 
feels  that  the  era  of  enlai'j^ed  i)r<>sperity  has  now  be- 
liun.  and  that  m^thiuii;  can  hinder  it  from  long  remainin*i; 


112 


CONO.  (  HlJUCn, — MILLTOWN,  N.   B. 


ji  iiiiuiity  j)owor  lor  truth  and  virtue.  The  (loacous  of 
the  diurch  hnvc  hocii,  Samuel  F.  Barker,  (Je(>r<2,(' 
Downes.  .lames  liohhiiis,  and  Josepli  M.  Dyer;  the 
hist  of  whom  is  the  only  one  now  livin<2;. 


CONG.  (■IIUIKJH,   MILLTOWN,  N.    B. 

In  184r»,  a  number  of  persons  resi<lin<i;  in  jNIilltown. 
some  of  whom  were  ('onixi'eij:ationalists  and  others 
Methodists,  "united  for  the  piu'[)(js('  of  snstainin*?  a 
Con_<^re<j:ationalist  meetin*;  in  that  phiee."  Prominent 
amonuj  them  were  Wm.  Todd,  J.  K.  and  II.  F.  Faton, 
S.  II.  Iliteliin^rs,  (;.  M.  Porter,  W.  F.  McAllister,  Fd- 
ward  Fostei'.  Joshua  Alien.  .1.  (1.  Kimball,  Thomas 
Bowser,  Sanmel  Darlinu'.  and  their  lamilies.  The 
movement  luiied  on  by  such  men,  was  of  course  suceess- 
fid.  Ilitchiufi's'  Hall  was  leased  and  fitted  up  as  a  phice 
of  worship,  and  Rev.  .1.  S.  (Jay,  a  younji;  man  from  An- 
dover,  was  enj^aged  to  sui)|)ly  the  pulpit.  His  services 
were  generally  aceeptabh',  but  he  remained  only  a  few 
months. 

In  June,  l.'-f4(!.  Rev.  Franklin  Vtaton,  who  for  a 
time  had  preached  in  Calais,  was  eiiLiaged  to  conduet 
the  Sabbath  service.  Oct.  "iiJth,  1X4(5,  a  Church  was 
ori'anized,  contaiuiuij  twentv-nine  members,  most  of 
whom  were  the  persons  referred  to  above.  Since  then 
some  two  hundred  have  been  adtled  to  the  number,  and 
there  are  at  present,  one  hundred  and  twenty  members 
living.  Oct.  27,  1.S47,  Rev.  Mr.  Yeaton  was  ordained 
and  installed  as  pastor  of  the  Society.  In  1S41),  the 
meeting-house  was  erected.  This  substantial  edifice 
costing  about  $8000,  was  paid  for  at  once,  and  dedica- 
ted in  October.      It  was  used   and   enjoyed  by   the    So- 


<'(>N(;.  (  iiiKcii, 


-Mii,i/r<>\vN.  N.  n. 


11 


i\ 

ilnc't 
was 
of 
thou 
a  nd 
I  hers 
Linetl 
tiie 
itice 
lica- 
So- 


cietv  until  .Ian.  1x7.').  when  it  accidiMitallv  canjzht  liro. 
and  till'  itisido  was  ossontially  spoiltMl.  Loss,  S-i'iilO. 
It  will  ho  roi)airo(l.  In  tho  Autiiinii  of  IXVJ,  Mr.  Yea- 
ton's  hoaitli  having  failod,  he  rosiiint'd  and  wont  to  (jlou- 
cestor,  Mo.,  whore  he  started  a  school  for  hoys.  IIo 
has  sinoo  gone  to  rest. 

For  several  years  after  his  retirement,  the  uhlo  and 
excellent  Rev.  Henry  CJ.  Storer  from  Scarl)oro'  where 
he  now  resides,  snpplied  the  pulpit.  Oct.  T).  l.s.')l.  Rev. 
II.  (^.  Huttorlleld,  a  sni)stantial  and  scholarly  uian,  was 
chosen  pastor.  He  j^ave  oi>ncral  satisfaction,  and  re- 
tained the  ofMce  until  Ault-  !•'.  lHa7.  The  next  pastor. 
Uev.  C.  G.  M'Cully  connnencod  his  lahors.  .Inly  17, 
1860.  Ho  is  now  a  hi<j;hly  cstoonied  clorjxyinan  of  Ilal- 
lowoll,  iNIo.  The  last  and  perhaps  nios.'  <learly  beloved 
pastor,  Rev.  Kd^ar  L.  Foster  from  Maci'iias,  Ale.,  was 
onhiined  and  installed  Oct.  4.  1807.  and  afto.  a  pro- 
tracted illness,  died  Nov.  IH,  ls72.  Since  then  the 
pulpit  has  heen  supplied  by  Kevs.  J.  G.  Leavitt  and  .1. 
.1.  Blair;  both  talented  and  proniisinf^  youn<i"  men. 

Several  things  peitaining  to  this  church,  are  i)ar- 
ticularly  worthy  of  notice.  It  has  never  had  any  dis- 
sension.  All  the  inoinbers  have  ever  had  and  manifest- 
ed the  kindest  feelings  for  each  other;  and  the  lesults 
have  been  peace,  virtue,  piety  and  prosperity.  The  ex- 
penses of  the  parish  have  always  been  defrayed  by  an 
ad  valorem  tax  assessed  on  the  i)roperty  of  its  meml)ors. 
These  tax  bills  range  from  Sr>,  to  $4i')0.  Thus  both  the 
rich  and  the  poor  bear  their  fair  proportion  of  the  bur- 
den ;  and  the  Treasury  of  the  Society  is  never  emi)ty. 
The  creed  of  this  Church,  whether  true  or  false,  is  a  per- 
fect model  of  perspicuity,  honesty  and  candor.  It  is 
the  following 


lit  CON(i.  ClirUCII, MII.I-TOWN,   N.   H. 

Articles  ok  Faith. 

t.  "Wo  helicve  there  Is  oiiedod,  self-existent,  eter- 
nal, perfectly  holy,  the  Creator  and  rightful  Disposer  of 
all  things,  Huhsisting,  in  a  manner  niysterious  to  us,  as 
Father,  Son  and  II0I3'  Spirit. 

2.  We  believe  tiiat  the  Hihie  is  the  revealed  will  of 
(lod  to  mankind,  and  was  <r\\iii\  by  inspiration,  as  the 
only  unerrin<ij  rule  of  faith  and  praetiee. 

li.  We  believe  that  mankind  are  fallen  from  their 
original  rectitude,  and  are,  while  in  a  state  of  nature, 
wholly  destitute  of  that  holiness  which  is  recjuired  by 
the  divine  law. 

4.  We  believe  t}»at  Jesus  Christ,  the  Eternal  Word, 
was  made  flesh,  or  in  a  mysterious  manner  became  man  ; 
and  by  his  obedience,  sufferinjis  and  death,  made  full 
satisfaction  for  the  sins  of  the  world,  and  opened  a  way 
by  which  all  who  believe  in  Him,  with  repentance  for 
their  sins,  may  be  saved  without  an  impeachment  of  the 
divinejustice  and  truth. 

5.  We  J)elicve  that  they,  and  they  only,  will  be  sav- 
ed in  consecpience  of  the  merits  of  Christ,  who  are  born 
of  the  Spirit,  and  united  by  a  living  faith  to  the  Son  of 
(iod. 

().  We  believe  that  God  has  appointed  a  day  in 
which  he  will  judge  the  world  ;  when  there  will  bo  a 
resurrection  of  the  dead  ;  and  when  all  the  righteous 
will  enter  on  eternal  happiness,  and  all  the  wicked  will 
be  condemned  to  eternal  misery." 

The  ofliccrs  of  the  Church   are   Geo.   M.    P'>rter, 
Deacon  ;  S.  H.  Ilitchings,  Clerk  and  Treasurer. 


i'llYSK  lANS. 


IIT) 


XVI. 

Thoujrli  tlie  c'linuiU'  has  Home  very    repulsive  cliar- 
Moteristies,  the  St.  Croix  valley    is   a  "^heulthy    loeality. 
The  winters   are  loiijr  and  extremely  severe  \  the  sum- 
mers short  and  eool  ;  and  very  little   spaee    is    left    tor 
spring  or  autumn  ;  hut  duriiiir  a   hirjre  part  of  the  year, 
the  air  in  Calais  and  St.  Stephen,  is  dry,   pure  an<i  hra- 
eing,  and  therefore  hostile  to  pulmonary  diseases.     The 
rock  formation  is  granitie,  and  hence  the  water  of  sprin<r.s 
andwells  is  clear,sweet  and  wjjolesome.   Kxcellent  roosts 
and  cereals  are  easily  raised,  and  the  beef,  n.utton  and 
pork  fattened  on  them,  are  in  a  high   degree   palatable, 
nutritious  and  sanitary.     Generally  escaping   that   fell 
destroyer,  Consumption,  most  of  the  people   are  robust, 
and  tnany  live  to  a  green  old  age.     Several  persons  now 
living  are  over  ninety  years  old,  and  not  a   few   of  our 
most  active  men  and  women  are  past  seventy.     Ah  re- 
sults of  this  general  healthiness,  the  Schoodic  i)eople  in 
both  size  and  beauty  are.above  the  New  England   aver- 
age. 

Still,  even  in  the  best  climate,  sooner  or  later,  dis- 
ease and  death  tlnd  their  way  into  every  household.  On 
such  occasions,  when  home  skill  and  ordinnrv  root  and 
herb  medicines  fail  to  bring  relief,  although  'in  theory 
we  may  have  little  faith  in  doctors  and  drugs,  it  is  nat- 


ih; 


IMIVSICIANS. 


iirjil  iijid  !i  ^rcjitcoinfort  to  call  !i  pliysiciaii  and  plu''e 
the  i('s|K)Hsil)ilit y  in  his  hands,  ||i>  in;iy  do  no  j^ood  ; 
lie  rn.'iy  do  hai'ni  ;  hut  he  takes  tlic  ;,n('at  hiinh'n  of 
care,  ami 'hns  helps  us  hear  oni  alllictions.  On  this 
a<*count  every  town  needs  a  uood  pji\sieian  :  and  lar^e 
towns  several.  Demand  hrinijs  supply,  ami  Calais  and 
St.  Stephen  have  had  a  Itdl  (piot.i  of  learned  and  skil- 
I'nl  'Mnedieine  men."  But  ol"  the  earlier  ones,  little  ex- 
cept their  mimes,  is  now  known. 

A  jiood  physician,  thouuh  one  of  the  most  useful 
nud  important  memltera  of  society,  makes  very  little 
noise  or  puhlic  parade.  lie  is  not  a  candidate  (or  any 
county  or  state  olli(;e,  and  his  uMine  <j;ets  no  proujinence 
in  the  local  news|>apers.  lie  is  neither  the  idol  nor 
the  tool  of  any  piU'ty.  llis  work  is  (luiet  and  his  re- 
ward private.  lie  may  save  many  lives;  he  may  keep 
the  pestilence  at  hay  ;  he  may  sacrifice  his  own  happi- 
ness and  health  lor  the  sick  and  snirerin<ji;  i)oor ;  and 
stdl  his  name  m.'iy  scarcely  he  heard  of  outside  the 
narrow  circle  of  his  personal  friends.  These  things 
being  so,  I  have  heen  able  tt)  ol)tMin  i)ut  little  infor- 
mation on  the  suhjeet  of  this  chapter  ;  hut  the  following 
list  comprises  the  names  of  all  the  regular,  M.  I). 
l)hysicians  now  remembered  : 

St.  Stki'IIKN  ; — Paddock,  Louis  Weston,  Wm. 
Coulter,  Dugald  lilair,  Robert  Thompson,  Arthur  Tol- 
man,  W.  C.  George,  W.  II.  Mitchell,  W.  II.  Todd,  W. 
T.  Black,  R.  K.  Ross,  II.  B.  Knowles.  R.  Gross,  1). 
B.  Myshrall. 

Calais; — S.  S  Whipple,  Cyrus  Hamlin,  Daniel 
(.^uimby.  Job  II(jlmes,  C.  C.  Porter,  C.  E.  Swan,  Walk- 
er, Geo.  T.  Porter,  E.  H.  Vose,  I).  E.  Seymour,  W.  M. 
Caldwell. 


or 


mg 
1). 


Til. 

n.i- 
w. 
1). 

iiiel 

alk- 

M. 


IMIVSK  lANS.  1  17 

III  jnMitioij  to  these  tMliic.'itccj  utul  tiilente'l  j^etitle- 
mei).  oMieiH  oflesH  repiitiitiou  have  I'roin  time  to  ti/ne 
practised  the  healing  art  ;  hut  even  less  is  known  of 
them  th;m  of  the  others.  Without  (loni>t,  Drs.  Kmer- 
soii,  IMcDoiKihl.  Nohleand  others,  hotanic,  hydropathic, 
eclectic,  lumueopathic,  'riiomsoiiiaii,  or  spiiitiialistic, 
have  wroiight  cures,  gaiiietl  l'rien<ls  and  attained  a  hriel" 
popularity.  A  di|)lonia  is  not  needed  liy  every  man  ; 
yet  the  sick  are  safest  under  the  care  of  the  educated 
and  e.\perienc(.'d.  Ht-iiig  couipclled  l>y  lack  of  infor- 
mation, to  omit  biographical  notices  of  the  doctors,  1 
submit  only  such  few  facts  und  incidents  as  seem  worthy 
of  notice. 

Before  any  regular  doctor  had  located  on  either 
side  of  the  river,  and  for  some  time  after,  Mrs.  Ananiah 
Hohanuon  of  Calais,  performed  the  duties  of  a  ladies' 
physician,  in  all  the  fMUiilies  of  the  vicinity.  She  is 
said  to  have  been  vciy  skilful  and  energetic;  and  i»er 
services  were  ever  highly  prized. 

One  of  the  earliest  physicians  on  the  liver.  Dr. 
N'ance,  came  to  a  sad  end.  lie  went  to  the  West  In- 
dies and  enlisted  as  a  siu'geon,  on  what  he  supposed  an 
Eng'!s^  ;  »'med  ship  ;  but  which  in  reality  was  a  pirati- 
cal ciaft.  Not  long  after,  she  was  captured  by  a  gov- 
ernment vessel,  and  her  olllcers  and  crew  were  tried, 
condemned  and  executed  as  pirates.  Dr.  Vance,  though 
innocent,  was  hanged  for  the  crime  of  having  been  found 
in  bad  company. 

Louis  WY'ston,  M.  D.  one  of  the  llrsl,  best,  and 
most  esteemed  doctors  of  St.  Stei)hen,  also  came  to  an 
untimel}'  end.  All  his  chihlren,  twelve  in  number,  hav- 
ing died  of  consumption,  he  became  entirely  disheart- 
ened ;   and  while  the  last  one  lay  a  corpse  in  his  house, 


i^4 


I'i 


118 


PHYSICIANS. 


he  went  out  in  the  evening,  and  by  accident  or  other- 
wise fell  into  a  cistern  of  rain  water  near  his  door^  and 
drowned.  Dr.  Gill  was  also  drowned  while  attempting 
to  cross  the- river  at  Milltown,  to  visit  a  patient,  about 
the  year  1«24. 

Early  in  1835,  a  strange  sickness,  batHing  all  med- 
ical skill,  broke  out  in  Calais  and  St.  Stephen.  The 
symptoms  were  pain,  weakness  and  constipation,  loss 
of  appetite  and  sleep,  partial  paralysis,  nausea,  &c. 
During  Februar}',  March  and  April,  hundreds  were 
sick  in  the  same  way  ;  the  best  treatment  did  little  good  ; 
and  some  twenty  or  thirty  persons  died.  No  age  or 
class  was  exempt  from  the  malady.  At  length  poison 
was  suspected  in  an  invoice  of  sugar  imported  by  James 
Frink,  from  Barbadoes.  It  was  a  nice  looking  article, 
and  being  sold  at  retaU,  it  was  used  in  many  families, 
and  freely  taken  by  the  sick,  in  their  food  and  medicine  ; 
but  on  being  subjected  to  analysis  by  a  Boston  chemist, 
it  was  found  to  contain  a  fatal  per  cent#  of  lead  !  The 
secret  was  divulged.  The  people  ceased  using  the  su- 
gar, and  the  str.mge  sickness  slowly  disappeared  ;t hough 
some  have  sutiercd  from  its  effects  to  the  present  day. 

Subsecjuently,  Dr.  Cyrus  Hamlin  while  visiting 
Barbadoes  to  regain  his  health,  traced  the  sugar  to  the 
plantation  where  it  was  manufactured.  On  investiga- 
tion he  Ibund  that  some  of  the  syrui)  from  which  the 
sugar  was  made,  hnd  reniM.ined  in  lead-coated  cauldrons 
until  it  fei  inenu'ii,  in  which  state  it  decomposed  and 
absorbed  the  poison  lead.  No  blame  was  attached  to 
the  ignorant  i)l;ijiler ;  but  no  more  of  his  sugar  ever 
came  to  St.  Sti'|)I)en  ;  and  some  people  never  after 
reallv  relished  i-uy  kind  of  West  India  sweetening. 

From  that  time  to  the  present,  advised  and  treated 


PHYSICIANS. 


119 


by  such  skilful  physicians  as  Whipple,  Thompson, 
Holmes,  Porter,  Swan,  Todd,  Black,  George,  and  oth- 
ers younger  but  not  less  trustworthy,  the  people  have 
escaped  all  fatal  epidemics;  and  though  exposed  to 
''the  thousand  ills  that  flesh  is  heir  to,"  have  been 
blessed  with  an  average  share  of  health  and    longevity. 


120 


UNITARIAN      (Jill  urn. 


XVll. 

UNITARIAN  rilURCII. 

Altliou<jjh  tlie  Congregational  church  erected  in 
l^!2(»,  was  intended  to  acconiinodatc  all  who  might  de- 
sire to  attend  [)ul)lie  worship,  yet  theie  were  many  in- 
telligent and  intluential  citizens  in  town,  who  did  not 
lielieve  in  Calvinism  nor  enjoy  hearing  it  preached. 
They  deemed  its  peculiar  tenets  false  and  pernicious, 
and  thereiVjre  they  could  not  conscienciously  hel[)  sup- 
port the  Congregationalist  meetings.  Still  they  wished 
to  attend  church,  and  to  worship  according  to  the  dic- 
tates of  their  own  consciences. 

Accordingly,  after  muny  consultations  and  mature 
deliberations,  they  met  in  1831,  formed  a  Unitarian  So- 
ciety, and  resolved  to  procure  and  maintain  a  clergy- 
man of  their  own  faith.  Work  in  earnest  iit  once  be- 
gan. 

The  first  Unitarian  sermon  heard  in  Calais  was  de- 
livered by  Rev.  Charles  liobiiison  of  Kastport,  who  was 
brought  to  town  for  that  purpose  by  Hon.  (Jeo.  Downes. 
After  Inm.  came  Hev.  II.  A.  Mills,  afterwards  for  a  long 
time  the  pastor  of  a  Church  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  and  still 
living  though  retired  from  the  ministry.  Others  were 
occasionally  engaged,  a  few  weeks  at  a  time.  Themeet- 


e!iaii 


UNITAKIAN      rlllUcII. 


121 


le- 


lies, 
llong 

still 
hvere 
Ineet- 


iiigs  were  at  first  lnM  in  tiiat  cradk'  ol"  clmiclics,  the 
Central  School  House  ;  hnt  siibse(]uently  in  the  Town 
House,  now  the  Catholic  Cha[)('l,  which  at  considerable 
expense  was  tittcd  up  for  this  i)uri)ose. 

These  pleasant,  r('lii:;ious  services  so  rapidly  devel- 
oped and  consolidated  the  strength  of  the  Society,  and 
increased  the  courage  of  its  nieiiil  )ers,  that  in  the  Winter 
of  1832-.'J,  they  resolved  to  erect  for  themselves  a  church 
suited  to  their  needs,  taste  and  means.  To  render  their 
proceedings  legal  and  binding,  a  |)etition  for  an ''act  of 
incorporation."  was  sent  to  the  JjCgislature  of  Maine: 
and  the  rfMjuest  was  granted  Mar.  2,  l«3r).  The  peti- 
tioners were  : 

lion.  .Joseph  (iraiig^r, 
Otis  L.  liridges,  Ks(j., 
Knoch  I.  Noyes, 
M.  li.   I'ownscnd,  Es(]., 
Luthur  C.  White, 
S.  S.  Whipple,  M.  1). 
Cvrus  Hamlin,  M.  I). 

Four  of  them, — Grange)',  IJridges,  Townsend  and 
C^ooper,  were  lawyers  ;  and  two, — Whipple  and  Hamlin, 
were  physicians.  The  others  were  enterprising  men  t>f 
business.  The  Act  of  lncor[)oriition  gave  them  and 
their  associates,  power  to  organize  "The  First  Inita- 
rian  Society  of  the  Town  of  Calais,  for  the  purpose  of 
ditlusing  morals  and  religion,  and  to  hold  property  to 
the  value  of  $12000." 

At  the  first  meeting  of  the  Society,  April  27,  IH.'J.'J, 
.Joshua  Veazie  was  chosen  chairnum,  and  Hon.  .Joseph 
Granger,  Secretary;  and  a  committee  appointed  todraft 
a  code  of  By-laws.  At  the  next  meeting.  May  4,  iHiW. 
the  code  of  By-laws  was  presented  and  adopte«l,  and  the 
following  ofllcers  elected  : — 


(Jeo.  I.  (iaivin, 
.Joshua  V^easey. 
Bi'uj.  King, 
V.  H.  <;  lover, 
.las.  S.  Coo|)ci',  Fs(i. 
Geo.  F.  Wadsworth. 


122 


UNFTAKIAN      flirUCII. 


11 


Col.  Joseph  WIntnov,  President. 

Geo.    I.   Oahiii,  i 

Dr.  S.  S.  Whipple,  >      Directors. 

Isaac  Poole,  ) 

Joshua  Veasey,  Clerk. 

Joseph  (Tran<5er,  Collector  aiul  Treasurer. 

The  erection  of  a  church  was  the  first    business    in 
order-  for  the  new  Society,  ami  the  work  immediately 
hej^an.     $5000  were  raised  in  stock  at  S50  per  share  ;  a 
site  was  purchased  at  the  cost  of  Sr>00  ;  and  soon   was 
heard  the  sound  of  the  carpenter's  saw,   plane  and  ham- 
mer.    And  so  viiijorously  was  the  work  pushed  forwanl, 
that  at  a  ineetin<^  of  the  Society,  Sept.  1 1 ,  is.'j;}.  Messrs. 
Joseph  (iranger,  I*.  II.  (xlover,  and  Theo,  Jellison  were 
appointed  a  committee  ''to  arran<re  for  the  approachin<^ 
Deilication,  and  to  secure  a    |)ast()r."     The    pastor    se- 
lecteil  and  "secured."  was  Rev.  VVm.    A.    Whitwell    of 
Boston,  who  filled  the  otHce  from  Nov.  1,  1833   to   July 
2,  1M3*J,  with  a  salary  of  $000  the  first  year,   and   after 
that  $800  per  annum.     A  l)etter  man  for  tlie  place  could 
not  have  lieen  found.     He  was  a  gra<luate    of  Harvard 
University,  a  ripe  scholar,  a  fine  writer,  a  j^ood    speak- 
er, and  above  all,  a  Christian   gentleman.     A    portion 
of  his  time  he  emi)ioyed  in  tea(^hing :  and  he  invariably 
gave  entire  satisfaction   to   his    patrons.     In  religion, 
literature,  and  moral  reform,  he  constantly  led  his  peo- 
ple up  and  on.     He  delivered  fine  sermons.     He  trans- 
lated and  published  Paul's  Ki)istle  to  the  Romans.     In 
183G,  he  was  chosen  President  of  the  Franklin  Temper- 
ance Association,  which  at  that  time  had  022  members. 
During  all  his  pastorate,   his    society   was    united    and 

prosperous.     He  has  long  since  "departed   to   be   with 
Christ." 


UNITAKIAN      «  111  Kill.  1  li.'J 

The  church  wus  :it  last  linishc<l.  It  wms  (U'dicn- 
tcd  and  Mr.  Wliitwcll  tbriiiallv  instjiUcd.  May  1."),  ls;it. 
The  services  >verc — I'laver  hv  Hev.  K.  H.  KiU's,  of 
Eastport. — Sermon  liy  K.  S.  (iaiiiictt,  I).  I).,  of  lioston, 
— Dedication  Ity  Rev.  Dr.  liarretts  of  lioston. — Ilene- 
diction  by  the  pastor.  In  the  afternoon,  tlu'  [X'ws  were 
sold,  and  Miss  Ivloore  en^aued  as  organist.  The  con- 
dition and  })ros})ects  of  the  Society  were  now  excellent. 
It  had  an  attraetive'chnreh,  a  lar|j:e,  wealthy  and  intel- 
ligent  coni>re<iation,  and  a  pastor  in  every  res})ect  ad- 
mirably fitted  for  his  position.  The  choir  under  the 
skill'ul  direction  of  1*.  II.  (Jlover,  discoursed  sweet 
music  ;  and  all  the  [>eople  were  *rlad  and  jiiatelul.  A 
Sunday-school  was  soon  after  or<ianize<l.  and  the  entire 
machinery  of  a  well  reuiilat<'(l  parish,  wasset  in  motion. 

There  is  no  record  of  any  formal  organization  or 
recognition  of  a  Church,  hut  therewas  aComnninion  ser- 
vice, July  13,  1>{34.  There  were  then  just  t»\o  coin- 
nuinicants  ;  Geo.  F.,  and  Mary  Wadsworth.  Soon  after. 
Fanny  Whipple  and  Martha  Ann  (i.  Jones  joined  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Wadsworth  in  inaugurating  a  Church,  in 
April,  \H'M\,  Henry  I*.  Pratt,  Mary  W.  Lami>e  and 
Sophia  Whitney,  were  added  to  the  Church  ;  and  in  the 
following  August,  AhhaC.  Filshury.  Meanwhile.  Mr. 
Whitwell  dresv  up  the  following  '■•Church  Covenant," 
which  was  ado})ted  and  ever  after  rettiined  as  the  creed 
and  faith  of  the  church  : 

CHIK(  H  COVENANT. 


lervS. 
land 

Ivith 


''We,  whose  names  are  undeiwritten.  present  our- 
selves for  admission  into  the  church  of  Jesus  Christ,  in 
te\stiniony  of  our  faith  in  him,  our  accej)tance  of  his  w- 
ligion  and  suhjection  to  his  laws. 


I21 


liNITAKIAN      «  III  l{<  II. 


We  H'ixard  this  trMnsnclion  ;is  nn  expression  of  our 
esiriiest  desirt'  to  oiiiMin  the  s;ilv}itioi»  jtroposecl  in  the 
(Jospel  ;  ;ni(l  our  serious  pinpose  to  endeiivor  to  comply 
with  tile  terms  on  wliicli  it  is  ollered. 

We  desiic  to  commemctrate  tlie  Autlior  and  Kinisii- 
vv  of  our  laitli.  in  tlie  manner  estaldi^lied  in  his  elmreli. 

In  a  humltle  and  <:;rateful  n-liance  on  (Jod  lor  the 
pardon  ol'sin  an<l  assistance  in  (hilw  we  solemnly  take 
upon  ourselves  the  vows  of  the  Christian  i>rol'ession. 

We  will,  as  we  have  opportimity.  acknowle(l«j!;e  our 
relation  to  this  Christian  community,  hy  attendance  on 
the  services  of  ri'li<i;ion,  by  ollices  of  Christian  alfcction, 
and  l)y  submission  to  the  laws  of  Christian  order: — 
heseechinj:;  the  (iodand  Father  of  our  Lord  .lesus  Christ, 
that  bein^  faithful  to  each  other  and  to  our  conunon 
Master,  we  may  enjoy  the  consolations  of  <Mir  holy  re- 
ligion  here,  and  be  acce})ted  to  its  rewards  lu'reaftei'. 
throu<ih  the  riches  of  divine  uicicy  in  Jesus  Christ." 

It  is  worthy  of  notice  tliat  while  this  carefully  word- 
ed covi'iiant  i*inores  all  the  vexed  (piestions  of  theolojiy, 
it  acknowle(|ores  the  «ireat  practical  facts  oi"  Christian- 
ity, and  is  frasrrant  with  the  sweet  perfume  of  tlie  (los- 
pel.  The  meaniiiii"  which  Mr.  Whitwell  intended,  may 
be  jijathered  from  the  followini;  record  written  by  his 
own  hand. 

*'Ai)ril  24,  IHIM), — Mrs.  Maria  Sibley  bein«j^  very 
sick  and  not  expectinu;  to  recover,  desired  to  receive  the 
ordinances  of  Baptism  and  the  Lord's  Suj»per.  Ilavino" 
conversed  with  her  and  found  that  she  understoo*!  their 
object,  and  was  resolved  to  I've  a  Christian  life  if  she 
recovered,  I,  in  the  presence  of  a  member  of  the  ehureh, 
(Mrs.  Wadsworth,)  baptizecl  her  and  administered  to 
her  the    Lord's    Supi)er,    this    day.      (iod    grant   that 


rNlTAHIAN      <  Iiri{(  II. 


1 2') 


ord- 

[ian- 

ios- 

inay 

his 

\erv 
(-  the 
ivino- 
tlu'ir 

she 
irt'h, 
(1   to 

tlitit 


whether  she  lives  or  dies,  slie  may  lie  a  wortliy  follower 
of'.Iesiis."      She  <lie(l  ahoiit  six  weeks  after. 

The  (hiireh  slowlv  y:rew  till  sixtv-two  names  were 
on  its  list.  I'iither  it  has  not  \)vvu  tiie  policy  of  the 
parish  to  Imihl  up  its  Chureh.  or  its  t'Iforts  in  that  di- 
reetion  have  not  l»een  very  sneeessfwl. 

After  the  resionation  of  Mr.  Whitwell,  Hev.  Kd- 
ward  Stone  snpplied  the  j)ulpit  from  Oct.  .').  l<s;j'>  to 
Mar.  !.'{.  l.sH);and  Hev.  Wm.  ('ushint»-.  a  Itrother  of 
Jud^re  L.  S.  C'nshinu;  of  Mass.,  from  Mai".  20,  to  Sept. 
(),  l-S-H).  Mr.  ("ushiny;  was  a  vonnij  man  of  cultnre  and 
ability,  hut  not  liki»»ii"  the  arduous  and  often  perplexing- 
duties  of  a  clerirvnian,  he  ahandoned  the  profession  soon 
after  leavini*:  Calais,  and  enoajrcd  in  teachiufji;.  After 
he  left.  Rev.  Jaeol)  Caldwell  preached  for  the  Society 
from  Oct.  27,  IS-JO,  to  May  1,  1841. 

The  next  pastor  was  Rev.  Xathaniel  Whitman,  a 
native  of  liridi2;ewater,  Mass.,  tmd  an  older  hrotlu-r  of 
those  great  and  jjjood  men.  Revs.  .lason  and  Hernard 
Whitman.  He  was  a  devout  Christian,  a  i>leasant 
speaker  and  a  popular  man  in  the  town.  Prosperity 
characterized  hisentiri'  [)astorate.  lie  faithfully  served 
God  and  the  parish  from  Nov.  1(),  IMII,  to  May  12, 
1844.      lie  has  since  <;one  to  the  "long  home." 

Next  came  Rev.  Kdward  Stone,  a  native  of  Fram- 
ingham,  Mass.,  where  in  a  good  old  age  and  full  of 
peace,  he  still  resides.  He  was  a  gra<uiate  of  IJrown 
[Iniversity  and  Harvard  Divinity  School,  and  therefore 
"thoroughly  furnished"  for  a  pastor's  position.  His  in- 
fluence in  connnunitv  was  always  for  the  right.  In  the 
puli)it  he  was  i)ersuasive  and  convincing  ;  in  the  Sun- 
day-school, skilful  and  ellicient.  He  got  up  and  ar- 
ranged the  first  Christmas  Tree  ever  seen  in  Calais  ;  and 


V2C, 


UNITAlflAN      cm  lU'M. 


his  lar<j;(',  oiillni'  ni.Mj)M  of  PnUsliiu',  drawn  ))V  liis  own 
liJind,  jjrcjillv  Ijicililatcd  the  study  of  the  Scriptures  hy 
tlic  liihlc  class.  I'ndcr  his  ministry,  the  Churcli  "xrew 
"in  <»race  and  in  tlie  knowh'<I<i('  of  tiie  Lord."  Hut 
there  was  "a  lion  in  the  way."  Mr.  Stone  clearly  saw 
tlu^  great  sin  of  slavery,  and  deejdy  sympathized  with 
its  helpless  victims  ;  an<l  in  his  every  puhlic  prayer,  I)e- 
soiiixht  the  help  of  (Jod  in  their  hehalf.  This  displeas- 
ed the  politicians,  and  resulted  in  his  losin<i"  some  in- 
(luential  friends  ;  and  havini^;  occupied  the  pulpit  from 
July  C,  lH-ll,toMay  l.S,  iSliJ,  he  ri'si«;!ied  and  left 
town. 

The  chxjuent  Rev.  IIenr\  (iiles  then  preache(l  for 
the  Society  for  six  months,  to  the  great  edification  of  a 
large  congregation,  though  he  too  was  an  Abolitionist. 
Other  clergvinen  came  and  went  until  the  Autunni  of 
I'SoO,  when  Ri'V.  Thomas  S.  Lathrop  was  settled  as 
pastor.  Mr.  Lathrop  was  horn  in  Jiridgewater,  INlass., 
jind  educated  in  Mea<lville  Theological  Seminary.  He 
came  to  Calais  from  \orthuml»erlan<l,  Ta.  lie  was  a 
popular  preacher,  a  pleasant,  active  citizen,  and  for 
several  years  an  eJlicient  memlier  of  the  School  Conmiit- 
tee.  During  his  ministry,  the  church  was  generally  well 
filled  and  the  Society  i»rospcrous.  lie  remained  hero 
from  Sept.  1,  iHoO,  to  Oct.  IHoO.  He  then  moved  to 
Walpole,  X.  H.,  and  from  thence  to  Connecticut,  where 
ho  married  the  widow  of  a  Universalist  clergyman, 
(Rev.  Henry  Bacon,)  and  soon  after  formally  alliliated 
with  that  Denomination,  with  which  he  is  still  laboring 
as  an  acceptable  minister. 

Rev.  Hiram  C.  Duganne,  at  present,  minister  at 
large  in  Lowell,  Mass.  supplied  the  pulpil  from  Nov.  1, 
1^<5G,  to  May  1,  l<sr>7.     But  the  next  pastor   was   Rev. 


Inng 


at 


rMTAiMAN    ( mucii.  127 

.lacoh  Caldwell,  :i  niilivt' of  Liiiicnlmi-ir,  Mass.,  aii<l  a 
l^raduato  of  Ilarvar.l.  lie  was  a  man  of  rcrvciit  piety 
and  s})otl('ss  |tnrity.  Jicinu  a  deep,  clear  thiiiiaT  and  a 
ready  writer,  it  is  said  lie  nevei-  d«'livere(l  a  sermon  that 
was  not  lit  lor  the  picss  and  worthy  ol'  puhlieation. 
I'ossessinu:  eonsideraltle  pioperty.  he  labored  lor  a  nom- 
inal salary,  and  was  satisjied  with  his  wau'es.  He  ijn'at- 
ly  disliked  deadheadism  :  always  prelerriii«;  to  p:iy  for 
what  he  reeeived,  and  to  he  treated  as  a  man  an<l  not 
as  a  poor  preacher.  Of  eourse  he  was  hiuhly  esteemed 
hy  all  who  knew  him.  Althonjjfh  absent  a  part  of  the 
time,  he  was  the  nominal  past<jr  from  June  I,  ls,"»7,  to 
Nov.  1.  l'S(»7.  After  leaving  Calais  he deeliiKMl  to  take 
charge  of  any  parisli  :;  and  he  has  preached  but  little 
since.  He  now  resides  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.  Dnring  1  ><.')•.) 
and  00,  Rev.  H.  A.  l^hilbrook,  then  of  Milltown,  St. 
Stephen,  preached  one  sermon  on  Sunday,  for  the  So- 
ciety, for  a  year  or  more,  w  ith  great  acceptance. 

Hev.  Wm.  G.  Nowell,  a  native  of  Portsmonth,  X. 
H.  and  a  graduate  of  Howdoin  College  and  Harvard 
Divinity  School,  began  a  })astorate  »Jan.  1,  1<S()8,  and 
continued  about  two  years.  He  manifested  the  quali- 
ties of  a  profound  scholar,  line  writer,  easy  speaker  and 
excellent  manager  of  the  Sunday-school.  Since  l.S7(), 
he  has  devoted  his  talents  almost  exclusivelv   to   teach- 

ft. 

ing. 

A  change  now  came.  For  many  years  the  Societ}' 
had  been  growing  weaker  and  weaker  bv  the  death  or 
removal  of  many  of  its  prominent  members.  The  church 
also  was  getting  old  and  sadly  in  nei'd  of  extensive  le- 
pairs.  Under  these  circumstances,  in  l'S70,  one  half 
the  building  and  lot  was  sold  to  the  Cniversalist  Society-. 
The  two  Societies  then   conjointly    remodelled  and    i-e- 


r^ : 


128 


I'MTAItlAN      (in  I{(  H. 


paired  tlic  house,  at  a  cost  of  nearly  ^lO.OlK),  and  made 
it  a  verv  pleasant  and  liandsonie  Clnncli.  It  was  re- 
dedieated  Dee.  2.S.  1^70.  Scinion  l.y  H<v.  II.  A  IMiil- 
hrook.  IVayer  l)y  He  v.  Mi'.  Cial'ts  of  Kastpoit.  It 
now  received  the  name  <>r"rni()n  ('hnre!i." 

In  .Inne.  1-S7I.  Rev.  I.C.  Knowltov  from  .New  Hed- 
fonl,  Mass.,  hecame  pastor  of  hotli  Societies.  Since 
then,  tlie  memhers  oC  the  imited  societies,  tiiou^h  still 
retaininj:,  their  respective  names,  have  worked  and  wor- 
shipped together  in  peace  and  alleetion  :  and  the  jiarish 
is  now  enjoyin;i;  a  fair  share  of  prosperity.  It  is  triie 
the U ni t aria n or<^anizat ion thon^h intact.  Iiasliecome  dor- 
mant ;  hntthe  [>rinciples  which  it  was  formed  to  pronnd- 
<ijate  and  defend,  have  never  held  a  more  u;eneral  or 
firm  belief  in  town,  than  at  the  present  tinn*.  Thns 
abundant  success  has  cowne(l  the  etlbrts  of  those  who 
started  and  so  lon^  and  faithfully  supj)orted  the  I'nita- 
rian  movement  in  Calais. 


NKW.SI'APKUM. 


]'2U 


XVIII. 

NKWHl'APKHFi. 

Knowledjro  is  power,  and   n    villaj-v   iKnvHpnjHT   is 
knowlcdov  inincHMl  and   diluted  for  popular  use.      Dur- 
ing  the  first  (garter  of  tl)e  present  eentury,   either   be- 
cause there  was  not  a  burning  thirst  lor  knowU-dge,  or 
because  there  were  not  so   many  important,  part\^  pur- 
poses to  serve,   newspai)ers    were  not  so   numerous  as 
they  are  in  this  enlightened    and  patriotic  age.     True, 
in  1822  and  jx'rhaps  h>ng  ]»efore,  the  enterprising  peo- 
ple of  St.    Andrews    enjoyed  the  blessing  of  a  weekly 
l)ai)er  printed  by  themselves  ;   but  Calais  and  St.  Ste- 
phen did  not  indulge  in  this  luxury  until  ten  years  later. 
Since  then,  however,  the  early  dearth  has  bei'.,  compen- 
sated by  a  sui)erabundant  supply.  Sixteen  or  more  hebdo- 
matical  sheets  have  arisen  in  thisvicinityand  likeliterary 
suns  radiated  their  mental  light  among  the  i)eople.   Four 
of  them  still  shine  with  brilliant  lustre;  the  others  have 
gone  down,  to  rise  no  more  forever.      Lack  <^f  patronage 
was  prol)a})ly  the  cause  of  their  early    and    melanchoh 
(iccline;  and  the  ungrateful  public  has  })een  so  inditfer- 
ent  about  their  fate,  that  not  a  single  copy  of  them  has 
been  preserved  to  give  us  an  idea  of  their'sizes  or   mer- 
its.    All  that  I  have  been  able  to  learn  respecting  them, 
is  contained  in  the  following  chronological    sketch  list : 


'  I  r  r  f 


l.'JO 


NKWSPAl'KUS. 


■'u 


The  first  Olio  thai  Mp|>«'ar<'(l  wuh  the  TfMKs  &  St. 
Choix  Advocatk  ;  .lolm  Stuhhs.  editor  iiiul  |)riut('r; 
St.  Stcplicii,  1H;J2.  In  politirs  it  was  radical  and  ri'- 
fonnatorv.  It  lan<riiislK'<l  al)oiit  a  year,  and  then  (|niet- 
\y  (li('(l. 

The  St.  Ohoix  ('oiRFKUia  DciiMM-ratic  slicct ;  Ilani- 
Ict  HatcH,  editor  and  |iui>lisli('r  ;  Calais,  \h:VA.  It  ran 
well  Cora  time,  hnt  nnlbrtunatcly,  in  Dec.  IM.'M,  while 
(Jeji.  .lackson's  ainnial  tnessa»i"e  was  in  type,  the  entire 
estahlishincnt  was  hnrne(l.  and  no  I'luenix  I'ver  arose 
Croin  its  sacred  ashes. 

The  HijLNDAKY  (Ja/.ktti:.  a  Whia;  or<ian  ;  Henry  1*. 
I'ratt.  inana<2:er  ;  Calais,  !>(:{;>.  Il  was  owned,  as  a  Uind 
of  stock  conc<'rn,  by  Noah  Smith.  Wn\.  DennniCi  •!.  S. 
Pike  and  others.  It  reached  and  passed  the  lionndarv 
ol'its  existence,  in  a])out  three  years. 

The  l*i-ow  AND  Anvil,  an  A<!;ricnltnral  and  Flandi- 
craft  paper  ;  John  K.  Laskey,  manager;  St,  Stephen, 
lH;ir>.  After  i)lowin<»;  and  hannnerin*;  a  lew  months, 
Laskey  l)e(%nme  weary,  and  retired.  John  C/'ampbell 
tlu^u  took  char<z;e,  removed  the  imi)lements  of  in(histry, 
and  christenetl  ti.i'  sheet,  the  St.  Stkimikn  Cofhant. 
In  1837,  the  types  jind  press  were  carrie<l  to  St.  An- 
drews, and  tlie  two-year-old  pajx'r  disappeared.  ''No 
hlanie  was  attached  to  Jiny  one."  A  newspaper  mania 
had  broken  out.  The  American  people  were  intensely 
excited  by  political  questions,  and  each  party  and  clique 
ventilated  its  principles  and  feelings  in  an  "organ." 
But  the  newly  started  papers  in  Calais  were  so  destitute 
of  sterling  merit,  and  the}'  so  clashed  against  and  crowd- 
ed each  other,  that  though  brilliant  as  rockets,  mai^y  of 
them  were  obliged  to  submit  to  something  like  a  iock- 
et's  fate. 


NKWHl'AI'KKS. 


181 


Thi»(iAZKTTK  AM)  A i>v ki:ti>ki{,  u  Will*;  piipcr ; 
Snow  an«l  •lac'kson,  |)ul)Iisli('rM  ;  Cnlnis,  IJS.'WI.  This  slirct 
roiitjiiiuMl  the  wilhcriMl  rcmnins  of  tlir  liouiKhirv  (la- 
/A'ttc  and  the  incipu-iit  ^I'lin  of  tlu>  Calais  Advi'itiser  ; 
l»nt  neither  e(»ul<l  save  it  !'•  Mn  dissohition.  Snow  soon 
melted  awav  tVoin  the  eonrern  ;  and  Jackson  after  rnn- 
ning  it  ah)iu'  for  some  two  ,<**irs,  let  it  be  shut  down. 

'J'he  Kastkun  Df.moi  itAT.  a  Democratic  paper  ;  »Iohn 
Bent,  pnhlisher ;  Calais.  IM.'U).  For  a  tim»',  ().  L. 
Hridi»;es,  Ks(i..di<l  tlu' editin*;.  It  was  a  Tilshnry  pa- 
per; and  after  Mr.  rilsl)nrv  failed  of  an  elect  nto  C-on- 
gross,  there  being  no  further  need  of  the  papei  .  it  went 
U)  sleep. 

The  Tocsin,  a  Democratic,  campaign  paper;  Hon. 
Hion  liradl)urv  and  lion.  A.  G.  Chandler,  editors;  Cal- 
ais, IH.'3G.  This  year  then' was  a  fearfid  split  in  the 
Democratic  party.  Both  Mr.  I'ilsbmy  and  Mr.  Chand- 
ler desired  to  represent  their  Dist»ict  in  Congress;  and 
for  several  months  the  Tocsin  sounded  incessant  peals 
of  alarm.  But  the  election  of  a  Whig,  in  November, 
(juieted  the  anxiety,  and  the  ominous  bel)  never  rang 
again. 

The  Down  Kastkk,  an  echo  from  the  Tocsin  ;  Benj. 
Williams,  editor,  \V.  K.  Snow,  Publisher;  Milltown, 
Calais,  18.'57.  It  was  prolonged,  though  continually 
growing  fainter,  over  a  year.  It  was  issued  ••under  the 
direction  of  Jeremiah  Curtis,  Seth  Emerson  and  Joseph 
N.  Prescott,  for  the  proprietors."     It  was    Demociatic. 

The  Fkontiku  JouHNAi.,  Democratic;  J.  C.  Wash- 
burn and  son  ;  Calais,  IHSH.  A  year  or  two  after  its 
birth,  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  (ien.  Kendol  Whid- 
den,  and  Lucius  Bradbury  became  editor.  In  1M41, 
W.  K.  Snow  took  ciiarge  of  it.     He  kept  its  head  above 


TT-n 


It 


132 


NEWSPAPERS. 


water  about  two  years,  wb-^n  he  and  the  paper  died  to- 
gether. And  since  that  mournful  day.  no  Democratic 
paper  has  been  published  in  Calais. 

The  CiiiiiSTiAN  Watchman,  a  Baptist  paper;  J.  C. 
Washburn  and  Son  ;  Calais,  1838.  The  Baptists  in  the 
vicinity  not  desiring  a  watchman  over  their  fold,  the 
only  pious  paper  ever  issued  in  theSchoodic  valley,  died 
at  the  tender  age  of  one  year. 

The  Calais  Advertiser,  Whig  and  afterwards  Re- 
publican ;  John  Jackson,  editor  and  publisher  ;  Calais, 
1841.  Since  then,  every  week  for  thirty-four  longyears, 
this  paper  has  advertised  its  existence  and  given  a  sutn- 
niary  of  the  current  news  ;  and  Mr.  Jackson  is  still  its 
veteran  owner  and  manager.  From  time  to  time,  va- 
rious gentlemen  have  let  their  light  shine  in  its  editorial 
columns,  and  helped  on  some  good  cause  ;and  no  doubt 
it  will  long  continue  to  radiate  the  wiy:Iom  of  the  East. 

A  paper  called  the  Provincial  Patriot  was  born, 
spent  its  ephemeral  existence  and  perished,  some  ten  or 
fifteen  years  ago  ;  hut  sufficient  data  do  not  remain  to 
frame  lor  it  an  elaborate  epitaph. 

The  Charlotte  Advocate,  managed  by  Mr.  Clinch, 
and  subsequently  by  J.  G.  Lorimer,  a  spicy  sheet,  was 
published  in  St.  Stepheri  for  several  years,  beginning 
prior  to  1860.  But,  unhappy  Charlotte  was  called  to 
mourn  her  w'tty  aivoca">^  deceased. 

The  St.  Croix  Herald  was  star^.ed  in  St.  Stephen 
by  J,  S.  Hay.  In  1861,  some  depraved  anin.als  that 
did  not  like  that  kind  of  hay,  broke  Into  his  office  and 
distributed  his  type  and  piess  in  a  very  unartistic  man- 
ner. Mi .  Hay  gathered  the  debris,  brought  them  to  Cal- 
ais, and  resumed  the  publication  of  his  paper.  In  1864, 
he  enlisted  in  the  U,  S.  array  ;  after  which  John   Seara 


Iian- 

;ai- 

lears 


NEWSPArEUS. 


133 


"  ( 


continued  the  paper  for  a  few  months,  when  the  Herald 
tleparted  to  return  uo  more. 

In  18G5  Diivid  Main,  Esq.,  purchased  the 
types  and  press  of  tlie  Herald,  moved  it  again  to  St. 
Stephen  and  commenced  publishing  the  St.  Croix 
(,'ouRiEii,  Mr.  Main's  tact,  skill  ond  energy  has  made 
the  Courier  ever  since  the  main  paper  in  St.  Ste[)hen. 

In  18G9  or  70,  S.  G.  Ames  started  a  small  paper 
in  St.  Stephen,  called  the  Schoodic  Times.  But  not 
prospering  overmuch,  in  1871 ,  the  types  and  press  found 
their  way  across  the  river,  and  were  set  up  in  Pool's 
Block.  Soon  after,  C.  R.  Whidden,  Jr.,  purchased  them 
and  issued  the  Calais  Times,  a  wide-awake,  newsy,  in- 
dependent paper,  that  bids  fair  to  enjoy  a  prolonged 
continuance  of  good  times. 

The  St.  Stephen  Journal  ;  James  Dow,  editor 
and  proprietor ;  St.  Stephen,  1871.  This  is  the  last,  but 
by  no  means  the  least,  of  our  many  papers.  Having 
now  four,  well  conducted  journals,  though  as  3'et  desti- 
tute of  a  daily,  our  citizens  feel  safe  and  happ}'  in  the 
conviction  that  all  their  news  and  business,  trials  and 
triumphs,  will  be  made  known  to  the  world. 


# 


I     I 


134 


FIKST    BAPTIST    CHUIUJH, — CALAIS. 


XIX. 

IsL   BAI'7'IST  CHURCH— CALAIS. 

To  I)oa.  Snimiol  Kolley,  uii<ler  Divine  I'lovidtMicf, 
the  Baptist  eliiirelies  in  Calaii-.  and  viciiiityowe  theirori- 
gin  and  much  of  their  prosperity.  lie  and  iiis  devoted 
wife  were  tlie  first  Baptists  in  town.  When  he  came 
here  in  1H21,  there  was  no  living  Church  of  any  kind, 
in  Calais.  A  Methodist  Class  of  some  twenty  zealous 
members  were  holding  weekly  evening  meetings  for 
prayer  and  mutual  edilication,  hut  no  clergyman  resid- 
ed in  the  i)lace,  and  no  regular  service  was  held  on  the 
Sabhath  day.  For  more  than  thirty  years,  the  widely 
separated  and  perhaps  not  ovei*  pious  settlers  had  wor- 
shii>ped  without  any  resident  priest  or  suitable  sanctuary. 
excei)t  during  the  brief  excitement  under  Mr.  Asbury  ; 
and  even  then  the  meeting-house  was  a  second-hand 
and  shabby  affair.  But  better  days  were  coming,  and 
while  patiently  waiting,  Dea.  Kelley  earnestl}^  prayed 
for  their  advent.  In  hs-io,  an  angel  cuiue  down  and 
troubled  the  waters,  but  the  Congregationalists  first 
stepped  into  its  energizing  influence,  and  resolved  to 
erect  a  meeting-house  adequate  to  the  need  of  the  town. 
Seeing  no  immediate  prospect  of  gathering  a  Church  of 
his  own  faith,  the  unselfish  Deacon  generously  opened 
his  purse  and  lent  his  influence  to  the   Congregational 


first 
1(1    to 

low  11. 

Ich  of 
[ened 
lioiuil 


FIUST    HAl'TIST    CIHIKII, CALAIS.  135 

mov(uiient.  He  <rave  li.-ilf  the  Itiiui  for  the  new  mect- 
iiiii-liouse,  l)<)iigl).t  one  of  its  liiizliest  priced  pews,  help- 
ed or<^:iiiize  its  Smuhiy-sehool  uiid  served  as  its  first 
Superinteii(h'nt.  lie  did  all  he  eonseieiitioiisl^'  could; 
but  he  still  retained  his  oritrinal  religious  sentiments, 
and  longed  to  work  and  worship  among  brothers  ami 
sisters  of  his  own  cherishe<l  fairh. 

At  length,  in  \H'\->,  God's  good  time  came,  and  the 
many  prayers  of  his  pious  children  began  to  be  answer- 
ed. Early  in  that  year,  under  the  faithful  and  power- 
fully persuasive  i)reaching  of  Rev.  Samuel  Robinson, 
a  great  revival  of  religious  interest  began  in  Calais  ;  and 
within  a  year,  scores  of  people  publicly  professed  fnith 
in  Christ  and  hope  of  salvation  through  his  grace.  Mr. 
Robinson  was  a  Baptist,  and  ot  course  many  of  the  new 
converts  adopted  his  peculiar  views.  As  a  result,  May 
18,  1«32,  in  the  Congregationnl  meeting-house,  to  the 
great  joy  of  those  interested,  the  1st.  Baptist  Chuivh  in 
Calais  was  duly  organized.  It  contained  eleven  mem- 
bers, viz : — Samuel  Kelley  and  wife,  Elijah  Stearns, 
Christopher  C.  Farrar,  Dexter  II.  Woodcock,  James 
Sargent,  Mercy  Todd,  Elizabeth  Veasey,  Hannah  Hoyt, 
Marv  Hamlin  and  Isaac  Hamlin,  a  hrother  of  Hon. 
Hannibal  Hamlin,  the  Vice  l*resident  of  the  U.  S.  under 
Abraham  Lincoln.  Only  two  of  these  persons,  S.  Kel- 
ley and  C.  C.  Farrar  of  Topstield,  are  now  living.  It 
was  a  small  Church.,  but  its  faith,  hoi)e  and  zeal  were 
g 'eat ;  and  hence  its  ultimate  growth  and  fruit  far  ex- 
ceeded the  expectation  of  the  most  sanguine.  Many 
people  came  five  or  six  miles  to  attend  its  meetings, 
and  so  great  was  the  excitement,  and  so  numerous  the 
additions,  that  Aug.,  1832,  only  three  months  after  its 
first  start,  forty  of  its  members  residing  near  the  Ledge 


i\ 


t 

136  KIUST    nAl»TIST    CIIUUCH, — CALAIS. 

in  St.  Stephen,  were  set  ofi'  and  organized  into  a  sepa- 
rate Church,  in  that  phiee.  Soon  after,  Dea.  A.  D. 
Thompson,  whose  widow  is  now  the  wife  of  Dea.  S. 
Kelley,  was  ordaineiJ  as  a  minister  and  installed  as  the 
pastor  of  the  Ledge  Society.  Subsequently  a  comfort- 
able meeting-house  was  erected  for  its  accommodation, 
and  the  faithful  little  Church  is  still  alive  and  busily  at 
work  in  the  Master's  Vineyard. 

The  great  need  of  a  n>eetii.g-house  for  the  parent 
Society  soon  became  apparent,  and  the  steps  necessar}' 
to  supply  the  want,  were  soon  taken.  The  selection  of 
a  location  was  judicious.  The  Congregational  house 
was  large  enough  to  accomiiodate  all  the  church-going 
people  in  that  part  of  the  town.  Milltown,  though  a 
large  and  thriving  village,  had  no  church  edifice.  It 
was  therefore  decided  that  Milltown  was  the  proper 
place  for  the  new  house.  A  site  Cxiutrall}'  and  pleas- 
antly located  was  given  to  the  Society  by  the  late  Benj. 
F.  Waite.  and  the  work  of  building  at  once  commenc- 
ed. The  day  on  which  the  corner  stone  was  laid,  in 
1833,  was  very  tine,  a  large  audience  assembled  to  wit- 
ness the  ceremony,  an  appropriate  and  stirring  address 
was  delivered  by  Rev.  Mr.  Kobinson,  and  the  heart  of 
every  Baptist  present  throbbed  with  hope  and  gladness. 
The  building  was  erected  under  the  supervision  of  Dea. 
Kelle3^  It  was  dedicated  in  June,  1834.  The  sermon 
was  delivered  by  Rev.  Mr  Curtis  of  St.  Johr.,  N.  H.  ; 
and  thus  the  1st.  Baptist  Church  in  Calais  wheeled  into 
line  ;  young,  strong,  active,  and  ''thoroughly  furnished 
for  every  good  work." 

A  Church  nuist  work  or  die,  and  a  genuine  Christ- 
ian will  work.  The  Master  said,  "Go  ye  into  all  the 
world,  and  preach  the  Gospel  to  every   creature  ;"   and 


FinST    UAPTIST    cmillCH, — CALAIS. 


i;r 


hrist- 
the 
and 


iTioved  b}'  those  considerations,  Sept.  11,  1M34,  tlu' 
Clnircli  resolved  itself  into  a  missionnry  soeii'tv  ealled 
the  "•Eastern  Haptist  (.Quarterly  Conference ;"  whose 
objects  were  to  dissemiiiate  the()ios|)el  and  awaken  an 
interest  in  reb<>ion  wherever  a  hearing  eonld  be  obtain- 
ed. Tliis  society  has  held  njany  nn'ctings  in  all  the 
re«ijion  round  about  Calais,  and  added  not  a  little  to  ilie 
prosperity  of  the  Baptist  Denomination.  It  still  exists 
and  works^  vitjorons  as  ever. 

The  lirst  pastor  of  the  Society  was  Kcv.  ^V.  II. 
Beekwith,  who  is  now  residing  in  Nashwaak,  N.  B.  lie 
was  a  good  man  and  a  faithful  worker  ;  l)ut  realizing 
that  he  did  not  fully  satisfy  the  expectation  of  the  peo- 
ple, he  retired  from  the  field  soon  after  the  dedication  of 
the  meeting-house. 

The  second  pastor  was  Bev.  Kdwmd  N.  Harris. 
He  appears  to  have  been  a  preacher  of  marked  aliility  ; 
but  being  discouraged  by  tlie  general  apathy  in  religicjus 
affairs  and  the  small  number  of  conversions,  he  rc.'sign- 
ed,  April  10,  IfS-'Jo.  Soon  alter,  he  took  charge  of  a  So- 
ciety in  Haverhill,  INIass.  lie  now  resides  in  Kho<ie  Is- 
land. 

The  liiird  pastor  was  Hev.  James  Iluckins,  to  whom 
a  call  was  given  in  Oct.  \K3i).  The  ti<le  of  religious 
interest  that  flooded  the  whole  country  the  next  year, 
was  already  rising,  and  Mr.  Iluckins  was  just  the  man 
for  the  emergency.  He  entered  into  the  work  with  all 
his  glowing  soul.  He  was  earnest.  elo(iuent  and  untir- 
ing ;  and  the  fruit  of  his  labors  was  the 'addition  to  the 
Church  of  loO  new  members.  So  great  was  the  prosper- 
ity and  at  length  so  full  and  crowded  became  the  Fold, 
that  Ma3' 23,  1^^38,  thirty-seven  members  were  set  off 
and  organized  into  a  separate  Church,  in  Baring.    This 


7      'Ti 


188 


FIUST    J'.AITIST    ClIUKCn, — CALAIS. 


olfslioot.  iulioritinLC  the  vigor  and  tenacity  of  its  parent, 
is  still  alive  and  llourisliing. 

But  as  the  fairest  day  may  be  marred  l\y  a  temi)est, 
so  Zion  is  ever  liable  to  commotion  and  change.  The 
Antlsliivcry  agitation,  slowly  gaining  in  strength  and 
power,  at  last  reached  Calais,  and  here  as  elsewhere, 
created  distuihance  and  trouble.  In  the  Summer  of 
lHli<S,  a  Mr.  Codding,  sent  thiough  the  instrumentality 
of  that  staunch  Abolitionist.  Gen.  Samuel  Fessenden  of 
Portland,  came  to  Calais  to  lecture  oii  the  sin  and  wrong 
of  Negro  shivery.  Of  course,  lectures  of  this  kind 
could  not  injuie  i  he  business  or  morals  of  the  town  ;  but 
there  were  politicians  who  feared  that  Codding  might 
damage  their  party  and  [)revent  themselves  or  friends 
being  elected  to  olilce  ;  and  hence  they  set  their  faces 
against  him  ;  and  some  of  these  men  were  supporters  of 
the  Htiptist  Society.  Accordingly  when  Mr.  Codding 
asked  permis^sion  to  deliver  a  course  of  lectures  in  the 
Ba[)tist  meeting-house,  Hon.  T.  .J.  D.  Fuller  and  others 
stremiously  opposed  granting  his  request.  Others  were 
in  favor  of  it,  and  a  sharp  discussion  arose  ;  and  it  was 
predicted  if  not  threaten,  d,  that  if  Codding  Jittempted 
to  lecture  in  the  village,  a  riot  would  ensue  and  serious 
damage  be  done.  Rev.  Mr.  Huckins  unhappily  sided 
with  the  pro-slavery  clique.  Dea.  Kelley  however,  who 
controlled  over  half  the  house  and  felt  a  deep  interest 
in  the  down  trodden  colored  race,  decided  to  open  the 
building  for  the  lectures,  even  at  the  risk  of  its  being 
torn  down  or  burned  by  a  mob.  Mr.  Codding  accord- 
ingly delivered  his  pungent  course  of  lectures  from  the 
Baptist  pulpit,  to  large  audiences,  and  without  any  dis- 
turbance ;  though  when  he  repeated  thetn  the  next  week 
in  the  Town  Hall,  he  was  liberally  pelted    with   rotten 


FIHST    BAPTIST    CllUItril, — CALAIS. 


VM 


were 
t  was 

mpted 

erious 
sided 
,  who 

itercst 
u   the 
being 

iccord- 
ra  the 

ny  dis- 
t  week 
rotten 


eggs.  Tlie  results  of  this  opisoiU',  (so  lionorahio  to  tlie 
fearless  Deacon.)  were  a  lar<ie  increase  of  Aholilionism 
in  Calais,  and  the  resignntion  of  Kov.  Mr,  IlucUins.  It 
is  [)roimble  that  he  acted  conscieiitionsly  in  the  aifair, 
but  ill  the  then  existing  state  of  feeling,  his  longer  stay 
was  not  deenit<l  i)olitic  :  and  in  Sept.  \HoH,  the  Church 
accepteii  his  resignation  and  gave  him  a  letter  of  recom- 
mendation to  any  Society  that  might  desire  his  services, 
lie  lett  antl  went  to  Texas ! 

The  fourth  pastor,  was  the  talented,  energetic  and 
eloquent  Rev.  E.  D.  Very.  He  began  his  pastorate  in 
Dec.  1838,  and  the  Church  at  once  resumed  the  even 
and  prosperous  tenor  of  its  way.  As  a  whole,  its  anti- 
slaverv  element  made  it  stronijrer  and  more  resoectable, 
and  Dec.  21),  1841,  the  thrifty  old  Hive  swarmed  again. 
The  village  at  "Salt-water,"  was  outgrowing  Milltovvn  ; 
several  prominent  Baptists  resided  there  ;  and  after  ma- 
ture deliberation,  fifty  members  of  the  1st.  Church  were 
set  off  and  organizeil  iuto  the  2nd.  15ai)tist  Church  in 
Calais.  Rev.  Mr.  Very  went  with  the  new  Society,  and 
thus  closed  his  pastorate  in  Milltown.  Subsecjuently 
he  became  the  Editor  of  the  ""Christian  Visitor,"  a  re- 
ligious paper  |)ublished  in  St.  John,  X.  15.  In  18o6,  he 
was  accidentally  drowned. 

The  filth  pastor  was  Rev.  Wm.  N.  Sla»on,  from 
Rembroke,  who  began  to  supply  the  pulpit  in  Feb.  1842. 
He  was  an  emotional  speaker  of  considerable  ability  ; 
and  a  revival  of  religious  interest  at  once  became  mani- 
fest. This  continued  for  several  months,  and  many  ad- 
ditions were  made  to  the  Church.  But  the  last  oH'shoot 
so  considerably  weakened  the  financial  ability  of  the 
Society' that  in  the  following  December,  Mr.  Slason  be- 
gan preaching  on  alternate  Sabbaths,  in  Milltown   and 


tlfir 


no 


KIUST    IIAPTIHT    (III'IICII, — fALAfS. 


Ill 


liiiiinu:.  This  continued  until  .liin.  2r».  1844,  when  he 
rcsiirncd  nnd  rcniovcHl  to  take  chMij^c  of  a  Church  in 
I*:irsonsli<'l(l,  Mc. 

Tlie  sixth  i)nstor.  Kov.  Alien  Hmitowh  of  Ellsworth, 
was  ('l('(!tc(l  April  2«,  1H44.  Ho  held  ihe  oflico  four 
years,  and  then  removed  to  Kast  Machias.  The  parish 
stained  in  streni^th  duriniz;  iiis  ministry,  thouii'h  no  event 
of  special  interest  transpired. 

The  next  pastor.  Rev.  J,  W.  Liiwton,  was  chosen 
May  T),  1840.  The  next  year.  Aujr.  J),  hSaO,  the  meet- 
in<>-house  accidentally  caught  fire  and  burned  to  the 
jjjround  ;  and  Mr.  Lawton's  pastorate  ended.  It  was  a 
great  misfortune,  but  no  one  proi)osed  to  let  their  be- 
loved Church  die.  Mr.  Lawton  went  away,  but  the 
faithful,  self  sacridcing  Rev.  A.  I).  Thompson  of  St. 
Andrews,  eanse  and  preached  in  a  school-house,  a  part 
of  the-  time  for  the  next  two  years,  meanwhile  the  en- 
er<rv  and  means  of  the  Society  were  mainly  devoted  to 
the  erection  of  a  new  place  of  worship.  It  was  at  len^jth 
finished  and  <ledicated  Sept.  20,  1852. 

Once  more  the  Church  had  a  home  and  was  ready 
for  ag<z;i*essive  work.  The  pul[)it  was  regularly  sup- 
plied ;  but  owing  to  the  dei)letion  of  its  Treasur}'  and 
perhaps  a  little  fastidiousness,  no  pastor  was  secured 
until  Sept.  9.  1853,  when  Rev.  I.  J.  Burgess  was  in- 
<lucted  into  the  sacred  office,  and  continued  in  it  two 
years.  After  that,  the  Society  does  not  appear  to  have 
been  very  prosperous  for  a  long  period.  During  many 
years,  various  clerg3'men  supplied  the  pulpit  a  few 
weeks  or  months  at  a  time,  until  at  length  a  permanent 
ministry  was  again  established.  Rev.  C.  C.  Lang  serv- 
ed as  pastor  from  Sept.  1868  to  May,  1870.  The  next 
November,  Rev.  R.  D.  Porter  became  pastor,  and  he  is 


FIRST    HAPTI8T    CIIl  U(-II,_CALAIS.  HI 

Htill  rotni.uHl.  In  1871,  the  .nootin-lunise  was  m,air- 
oA  and  painted  at  a  eost  nf$(m,  and  in  I,s72  the  So 
cietj  expen.led  §;50()(),  in  bnil.lin^r  ,,  parsonage.  Since 
then,  the  Chnreh  has  enjoyed  a  good  decrree  of  peace 
and  pros,)erit.v,  and  there  is  every  reason  to  believe 
Miat  It  wdl  lonjr  remain  one  of  the  substantial  and  well 
ordered  Societies  of  Calais. 


^ 


I    '  I"  ■ 


142 


HANKS    AND    INSimANCE. 


'ii 


if 

■ 

1 

bi 

1 

i 

1  ^ 


XX. 

BANKS  AND  INSURANCE. 

R'oni  tliolr  first  scttlonient  to  the  prcstMit  day,  the 
princ'ipalhusineHs  of  Cahils  mid  St.  St('|)heii  has  been 
hmibcrinjjj ;  and  to  carry  on  this  l)usiiiess  sueeessfully, 
u  largo  amount  of  capital  is  recpiircd.  In  lively  times, 
not  only  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars  are  })aid  to 
the  workmen  at  home,  in  a  year,  hut  much  more  is  re- 
ceived from  western  towns,  in  exchange  lor  the  cargoes 
of  lumber  shipped  to  them.  Hence,  at  an  early  (la>', 
the  operators  on  the  St.  Croix  felt  the  need  of  a  liank 
of  exchange  and  discount ;  and  as  soon  as  their  means 
and  courage  warranted  the  proceeding,  directed  their 
attention  to  this  subject. 

The  Calais  Bank  was  chartered  in  1831,  and  went 
into  operation  in  Jan.  1832,  with  a  capital  of  $100,000. 
The  first  President  was  Hon.  Geo.  Downes  ;  the  second 
and  present  President  is  Josei)h  A.  Lee.  Its  first  Cash- 
ier was  J.  J.  Lee;  its  second,  was  Wm.  Deming ;  its 
third  and  })resent  Cashier  is  Frank  Nelson.  In  the  ups 
and  downs  of  business,  it  has  had  manv  a  dark  day, 
and  met  with  many  a  heavy  loss  ;  but  it  has  never  failed 
to  redeem "itp.  paper,  and  it  did  not  suspend  specie  pay- 
ment until  compelled  to,  by  the  Banking  Act,  passed 
durinii'  the  "rreat  Rebellion.     This  Bank  is  still  in  exist- 


IJANKS    AND    INSUKANCK 


1  13 


oneo,  and  doing  ji  large,  safe  and  pr()rital)lo  amonnt  of 


1 


Mismoss. 


In  the  llnsh  times  of  l«iJ(),  when  everybody  had  a 
speeulation  mania,  the  Washington  Connly  Hank  with 
a  capital  oi*  6'')0,()0(),  came  into  existence;  He  ndol 
Whldden,  President,  and  Seth  Emerst)n,  Casiru'r.  Not 
long  after  however  Mr.  Emerson  became  President  and 
Harrison  Tweed,  Cashier,  lint  the  managers  of  this 
institntion  were  not  trained  bankers,  tlie  business  re- 
vulsion of  l.S.'JT  came  on,  and  worse  than  all,  a  set  of 
New  York  swindlers  ma<le  the  Hank  their  prey,  and  in 
a  few  years  it  went  down  with  a  crash.  Its  bills  be- 
came entirely  worthless,  and  the  stockholders  lost  heav- 
ily by  its  failure. 

The  same  year,  18136,  the  St.  Croix  Bank  with  a 
cai)ital  of  S')0,00(),  went  into  operation.  Cyrus  Hamlin 
was  its  first  President,  and  Jeremiah  Curtis,  its  second. 
J.  IS.  Pike  was  Cashier.  There  was  not  legitimate  busi- 
ness enough  to  support  three  Hanks  ;  and  from  similar 
causes,  it  soon  shared  the  fate  of  its  cotemporary.  Hut 
its  failure  was  not  quite  so  disastrous.  It  redeemed 
its  paper  and  i)ai(l  its  stockholders,  fourteen  per  cent, 
of  their  investment.  Mr.  Curtis  although  a  poor  bank- 
er, succeeded  admirably  in  the  patent  medecine  line. 
He  went  to  New  York,  engaged  in  the  Soothing  Syrup 
bnsiness,  a  la  Mrs.  Winslow,  and  became  a  millionaire. 
Mr.  Pike  also  in  other  occupations  has  proved  himself 
a  man  of  no  small  ability. 

The  same  year,  188G,  the  St.  Steplien  Bank  com- 
n^^nced  business  with  a  capital  of  $100,000.  The  offi- 
cers were  Nehemiah  Marks,  President ;  David  Upton, 
Cashier ;  G.  D.  King,  Robert  Lindsay,  Wm.  Porter, 
James  Allen,  R.  M.  Todd,  Robt.  Watson,  Henr^-  East- 


1-^ 


111 


HANKM    AND    INSIKANCE, 


11 


iiii 


>  1 


*ll^ 


II 


inMii,  (i.  S.  Hill,  Directors.  Tills  Uniik  has  doiio  a 
larjjjc  !U)(I  i)r()lital)U'  business  ;  and  it  is  still  a  sound  and 
prosperous  corporati  The  Presidents  have  been  N. 

Miuks,  Win.  Porter,  .  I).  Kiiii;.  Win.  Todd,  and  S. 
II.  IIiteliiii«xs.  At  present,  F.  II.  Todd  is  l*resid(>nt, 
and  Kol»t.  Watson,  Cashier. 

The  Calais  Savinj^s  IJank  was  incorporated  Mar. 
14,  l^idl.  Kor  a  time,  in  the  distracted  years  of  the 
war,  the  (leposits  came  in  slowly  ;  but  of  late  the  insti- 
tution has  won  public  confidence,  and  more  people  in 
the  vicinity  realize  the  advaiita<j^es  of  puttin<jj  their  mon- 
ey on  interest,  and  hoardiii}^  a  fund  for  futiue  contin- 
gencies. Tlu'  Bank  pays  a  semi-annual  dividend  of 
three  per  cenf.  Th'  louiit  on  dei)osit.  Mar.  1,  ISTo, 
was  $271,141.     Tlu  ease  during  the  past  two  years 

has  been  about  $)}.'), 000  per  annum.  Its  ofllcers  are,  E. 
A.  Barnard,  President ;  J.  A.  Lee,  Secretary  and  Treas- 
urer ;  T.  J.  Copeland,  Daniel  Hill,  II.  N.  Mill,  C.  K. 
Swan,  (1.  E.  Downes,  Win.  Duren,  Win.  Deming,  and 
Frank  Nelson,  Trustees.  The  stability  aiul  future 
usefulness  of  this  excellent  institution,  seem  to  be  as- 
sured beyond  a  doubt. 

The  St.  Stephen  branch  of  the  Bank  of  British 
North  AmericM,  was  estalilishe(l  in  May,  1H70.  This 
Bank  has  a  ca[)ital  of  one  million  [)ounds  sterling.  Its 
home  ollice  is  in  London  ;  ])ut  it  has  branches  or  agents 
in  almost  all  parts  of  the  world.  The  St.  Stephen 
branch  issues  bills,  lonns  monev,  and  like  a  savings 
bank  pays  live  per  cent,  interest  [)er  annum  on  dei)osits. 
It  has  an  unlimited  amount  of  capital,  and  does  a  large 
business.  In  isT.'),  it  erected,  of  Dorchester  freestone, 
an  (>legant  and  comnuxlioiis  bank  building,  at  a  cost  of 
$40. ()()().    In  every  respect  it  appears  to  be  a  permanent 


HANKS    AM»    IN'srUANCK 


\\i 


,   ana 
Cut  lire 


as- 


iritisli 

This 

Its 

locnts 


.pi 


U'll 


IVlllLJS 


K)S 


its. 


lar<2;e 
4()ne, 
tof 


Mid  tnistwortliy  iiistihitioii.  Its  otliccrs  arc  Messrs. 
lliirns,  Mun.'i^cr;  Tnylor,  Act'oniitaiit  ;  Morrison.  Toi- 
ler ;  McAilani.  Discount  (Mrrk  ;  Mn(l(  JrinuutT.  Assistant. 

In  lH;i(;,  tiu'  Calais  Mutual  insurance  Conjpanv 
was  organized  ;  Samuel  Kcllcy.  IVcsiilcnt.  Luther liiack- 
ott,  SccTctjirv.  It  <li(l  a  small  luisiness  lor  two  oitliit'i' 
yoais,  and  then  lor  want  of  patronams  expired.  It 
l>rou}i,iit  no  jireat  jj^ain  or  loss  to  anyone. 

Ahout  IH.VI,  a  Mutual  Marine  Insurance  Company 
was  oiijanized  in  St.  Stephen.  For  a  lew  years  it  did 
a  «^o<m1  liusiness  ;  and  tlu'U  hy  mutual  consent  it  was 
dissolved.  Not  far  from  tiie  same  time,  a  similar  in- 
stitution was  orji'anized  in  Calais,  and  it  went  through 
altout  the  same  phases  of  success  and  failure,  lint  in 
l'S72,  a  company  was  forme(l  in  Calais,  callccl  the  St. 
Croix. Lloyds.  It  insures  only  the  IVei<iht  of  vessels, 
makes  no  dividends,  and  pays  for  losses  hy  assessments 
on  its  menilters.  Its  olllcers  are.  F.  II.  Todd,  Presi- 
dent ;  A.  11.  Sawyer,  Secretary,  who  also  has  the  power 
of  attorney  to  act  for  the  com[)any  ;  E.  C.  (iates,  ,Ias. 
Murchie,  L.  L.  Wadsworth.  Jr..  Wm.  Duren,  F.  II. 
Todd,  F.A.  Pike,  C.  F.  Todd,  Directors.  This  insti- 
tution is  in  oood  workin}4'  order,  and  jfives  entire  satis- 
faetion  to  those  interested. 


^ 


los 


anont 


IM!     rM\  i;i{>Ai.isr  <  inuciF. — Miu/KmN   a    <  ai.ais.* 


XXI. 

UNI rEitsA  L  1ST  cnrnciT, 


MILLTO  WN  A ND  CA  LA  IS. 


The  iiionccr  inn  new  sctllcincnt.  is  o-ciHTitlly  Itrnvc. 
♦'nor<ri'tic.  scH'-rc  lijiiit  mikI  iiKiiiisitivc  Ih'isji  (•.•ireful 
studciil  of  111(11.  nature  mikI  tlieories.  He  does  liis  own 
tliinkin^"  nnd  tries  to  satisfy  his  own  uood  judgment. 
lie  may  err.  hiit  he  ine;nis  to  uo  on  to  i)erfeeti(jn.  'Vhv 
vvihlerness  stir.s  iiis  inner  nature,  and  renders  him  a 
seei<er  after  truth  and  riuiit.  It  is  therefore  [)ossihle 
If  not  ju'ohalile  that  from  the  lirsl.  some  of  the  iiartly 
setth'rs  of  Cahiis  and  St.  Stephen  donhted  tlie  correct- 
ness of  tile  then  popular  tiieolouy  ;  hut  tlicre  is  no  rec- 
ord or  tradition  of  distinctive  rniversalisin  priorto  ISH). 

Ill  Dec.  oftliatyear.  Rev.  Duncan  M'CoU  of  St. 
»Stei)!;eii,  wlio  was  well  ac(iuaiiited  with  the  reliuious 
opinions  of  all  the  people  on  each  side  of  the  river, 
preached  a  lon<i"  sermon  a<2:ainst  rniversalisin;  (piotino', 
reviewinu"  and  tryin<i'  to  disprove  the  theories  of  James 
Kelly  and  -loim  Murray.  There  must  have  1»een  some 
Iniversalists  in  tlie  vicinity,  for  otherwise  such  a  ser- 
mon wt)uld  not  have  been  needed.  A  few  UK^ntlis  later, 
1.  e.  in  March,  1H20,  he  delivered  in  St.  Stephen,  an- 
other discourse  a<iainst  rniversalisin,  in  which  he  as- 
serts that  the  Universalists  "are  spreadin«»'    hooks    and 


rSlVKIiSALIST    (IHKrH, 


MII,I/rnWN    .<i    (  ALAIS. 


11 


»rnvi'. 
•nrclnl 
■<   own 

Ijiiii    :i 

)ssiltU' 

hiinlv 


( >rr( 


ct- 


() 


f   St, 


lliiiious 
river. 

liotinii': 
Jjunes 

h  sonu' 
a    sel- 
ls hitor, 


n. 


iin- 


Ihe    as- 


loadiiiiX  jM'oplc  jistiMV."  To  wlioiii  lie  alludt's.  is  not 
known  :  hut  anjonji'  tlu'in  wcih'  jn'obahly  M;iJ.  \\.  Ucad- 
injn'.  Col.  .1.  Wliitncv.  .lanu's  lirown  Ks<{.,  aii'l  oUhts, 
riu'  next  vi'Mi'  in-  allndes  to  tlieni  aiiain.  as  ifthrv  ti"onl>- 


!(>( 


1  hi 


ni. 


ks   an( 


1 


Hilt  exeept  this,  till  1X2(),  theiT  ;ire  no  n'/onls  in 
existence  e<)ntainin<»;  any  infbrniation  on  this  point. 
The  hnrning- of  the  Milltown  ehnrch  in  l^.'yl.  and  the 
great,  1X70  lire  in  (':dais.  consnnied  all  the  hooks  con- 
taininii'  the  procee(lin*i;s  of  the  Iniversalist  Society. 
Bnt  fortnnately,  Mrs.  Sarah  Lowell,  who  cainc  to  C'al- 
ais  in  .lannarv.  1.S2.").  has  preserved  in  her  diary,  a  faith- 
ful acconnt  of"  all  the  prominent  events  in  the  parish, 
lVo)n  then  to  the  present  time:  and  from  her  copious 
niamiscri|)ts,  many  of  the  followin«>' facts  and  dates  ha\'e 
licen  <i:atliei'ed. 

From  an  article  in  the(iospel  IJanneiof  Auu".  \Xi\'). 
li'iving  an  account  of  statements  made  hv  the  late  lion. 
.James  Brown  of  St.  David.  X.  IJ..  we  leain  that  Kev. 
•Joseph  Hntteifield  from  the  western  part  <d'  Maine,  was 
the  first  L'niversalist  ministct-  (hat  preached  in  this  vi- 
cinity. This  ;mist  have  heen  prior  to  1H2.").  lie  was 
not  a  man  of  nuich  note  :  hut  he  isdescrihed  as  a  "( 'hiis- 
tian  iicntleman  and  an  cxtem[)oraneous  speaker  of  pleas- 
inn"  address."  He  did  not  I'emain  lon«i' ;  hut  his  unolt- 
trusive  visit  opened  the  door  for  others  to  enter,  and 
touched  the  sprinji;  of  lastimj;  results. 

I'roltahly  the  next  I'nivei-salist  clerii:yman  that  visit- 
ed Calais,  was  Rev.  Sylvanus  Cohlt.  1).  1)..  then  of 
Waterville,  Me.,  but  afterwards  of  Boston.  Mass.,  where 
lie  started  and  for  many  years  published  a  relii^ious  pa- 
per called  the  "Christian  Frt'cnuu!."  Aft«'r  a  lon<x  and 
tedious  voyajjje  from  Belfast  iu  the  steamer  oi'  schonuer 


f  'T 


i  i  \m 


}:■ 


148       l.XIVKIiSALIST    CHURCII. — MILLTOWN    A    CALAIS. 

Patent-,  V'.\\)t.  Cram,  he  jinlviM]  in  Kasti>()rt  too  late  in 
tlic  wi'ck  to  iiuH't  his  first  SuiKJny  a|)[)ointin('nt  in  Calais. 
Hilt  ho  wasted  no  time.  He  <>:j)ve  two  lectures  each  in 
Kaslport,  liohhinstoii,  St.  Stt'iiiieii  and  St.  David,  and 
l)reaehed  in  Calais  on  the  Sundays  ol' Oct.  22  and  21), 
l><2().  He  was  a  pleasant  man,  well  versed  in  Scrip- 
ture, a  good  reader,  a  clear  reasoner,  and  an  imi)ressive 
emotional  speaker.  His  sermons  seldom  failed  to  con- 
vince the  intellect  and  warm  the  heart  of  every  candid 
listener;  and  beyond  a  donht,  the  ultimate  result  of  his 
labor  here,  was  the  establishment  of  a  })ermanent  So- 
ciety. His  home  while  in  town  was  with  the  late  Maj. 
E.  Keadinjj* ;  but  he  has  long  since  gone  to  the  blessed 
liome  on  high. 

In  September,  1827,  Kev.  Lafayette  Mace  came  to 
Calais  and  preached  six  weeks.  He  was  introduced  to 
the  people  by  Col.  Joseph  Whitney  who  at  the  time 
appears  to  have  been  greatly  interested  in  Lil)eral 
Christianity.  The  meetings  of  Mr.  Mace  were  held  in  a 
school-house  opposite  the  present  residence  of  Capt. 
Seth  Emerson.  He  was  a  sincere  though  not  an  effect- 
ive speaker  ;  yet  his  brief  pastorate  served  to  keep  alive 
and  growing  the  nascent  soul  of  the  Churcli  that  was 
coming. 

The  next  year,  1828,  the  eloquent  and  inspiring 
Rev.  J.  xi.  Dods  of  Union,  Me.,  came  to  Calais  on  a 
preaching  tour.  There  are  some  intimations  that  he  had 
been  here  before.  He  was  educated  for  the  Congrega- 
tional niilpit  and  for  a  time  had  studieil  in  tlie  Bangor 
Theological  Seminary ;  l)ut  in  earl}'  manhood  he  em- 
braced a  broader  faith,  and  became  one  of  its  most  able 
and  earnest  advocates.  He  memorized  large  portions 
of  the  Bible,  and  well  understood  their   meaning.     He 


UNIVKUMALrST    ClIlKCIl. Mll-LTOWN    .t     (  ALAIS. 


1  liJ 


il  in  a 

Capt. 

'ttect- 

alive 

was 

piring 
on  a 
le  had 


rrotjja- 
angor 


He 


was  a  keen  obsorvcr,  an  acute  rcasoncr  and  a  rapid, 
lively,  interesting  s[)ealver.  He  preached  wlieneveraiid 
wherever  lie  couhl  gathei'  an  audience,  and  scMoiu  Tail- 
ed to  convert  some  of  his  liearers  to  his  way  of  tliiiiU- 
iug.  The  Sunchiy  he  preached  in  Dyer's  Hall,  Calais, 
only  one  lady,  Mrs.  Jonas  Kice.  ventured  to  trust  her- 
self within  the  tasciuatiiU!!;  sound  of  his  voice.  liut  at 
Milltown,  more  peoi)le  Hcx'ked  to  heai-  him,  than  the 
little  school-house  could  accommodate  ;  and  not  a  lew 
had  to  stand  outside  and  listen  through  the  windows. 
So  great  was  his  i)opularity,  that  an  etfort  was  made  to 
secure  his  services  as  a  settled  pastor. — a  step  thiit 
should  have  been  taken  ;  but  at  the  su.ggestion  of  some 
over-scrui)ulous  meddlers  in  the  western  i)art  of  the 
State,  the  [)romising  project  was  abandoned,  and  the 
goldeii  oi)portunity  lost.  It  appears  from  a  remark  in 
bis  dedication  sermon,  that  Mr.  Dods  was  here  again  in 
1829,  but  there  is  no  other  account  of  his  visit.  Cer- 
tainly he  vas  the  people's  favorite,  and  tlierefore  he 
ought  to  have  come  again. 

Thus  the  Abrahamie  faith  was  planted  and  firiiily 
rooted  in  Schoodic  valle}' ;  and  although  n(»  Society  was 
organized,  and  no  pastor  employed  for  the  next  hall" 
dozen  years,  it  did  not  die  out  or  even  become  weak. 
The  occasional  visits  and  sermons  of  itinerant  clergy- 
men, tiie  joyous connnunion  of  the  believers,  and  the  si- 
lent but  potent  ministration  of  books  and  papers,  *vere 
steadily  preparing  the  way  for  the  advent  of  a  new  dis- 
pensation. 

It  came.  In  the  latter  part  of  1835,  alter  the  usual 
preliminaries.  Rev.  Wm.  S.  Clark  of  Lubec,  received 
and  accepted  an  invitation  from  the  Universalists  of 
Milltown,  to   become   their  pastor.     Business  began. 


^m^ 


liV)     rxiVKKSAi.isT  nirncii, — Mii.i/rowx  a  Calais. 

Mr.  C'huk  wms  m  poculijir  mjm.  aiwl  in  soiiio  rt's|)octM 
iinpU'MSMiitIv  ('(•(•(Mitrif  :  Imt  his  fliioncy  of  spoocli,  zoal 
for  tlio  cniiso.  .mii^I  iiictliodic.'il  iiiimncr  of  woikintj,  rcn- 
dororl  him  :u»  clliciciit  jukI  sucoossfiil  ininistcr.  I  Ms 
sermon  priutjM]  in  iMSd,  nnd  liis  ••Friendly  lottor  to  Hev. 
Mr.  Ilnckiiis."  i)nl>lish('(l  soon  iiftiT.  prove  him  n  sharp 
and  Jilih'  controvorsiidist. 

In  the  (»Mrly  p;irt  of  I.S.'jO,  lie  or«j:ani/«'(l  a  I'niver- 
salist  Society  in  Milltown,  composed  of  some  of  the  old- 
est an<l  hest  families  on  each  sid<M)f  the  rix'ei'.  The  re- 
cords are  lost,  hut  the  folloNvini£  pei'sons  ai'e  remomher- 
ed  as  a  portion  of  the  members:  Mr.  and  INIrs.  Joel 
Whitney,  Mr.  and  ^Irs,  'i'ha<ldeus  Ames.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Win.  Lovejoy.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Henhen  Lowell,  and  Hor- 
ace Hamilton.  It  was  a  <):lad  day:  for  the  step  was 
important  and  the  work  was  )neant  to  he  permanent. 
In  M;iy  of  Mie  same  yeai',  a  Snnday-school  was  orijan- 
ized  ;  and  although  it  was  generally  suspended  dnrinj; 
tlui  Winter,  and  snhsecinently  moved  to  Milltown.  X. 
H.,  and  llnally  lo  Calais,  it  lives  and  tVonrishes  to-day. 
Its  anniversary  is  the  lirst  Sniuhiy  in  May. 

In  IS^M),  Mr.  Clark  retired,  and  Ehenezer  Fisher. 
1).  I).,  a  native  of  Charlotte,  Me.,  ami  now  President  of 
Canton  Theoloiiical  School  in  New  York,  took  his  place 
as  pastor.  He  remained  only  six  months,  but  his  fer- 
vent piety,  Christian  deportment,  and  lucid  expositions 
of  the  Gospel,  imparted  tone  and  streng'th  totheyouno: 
Society.  Ahout  this  time  or  a  little  earlier,  a  commo- 
dious church  was  huilt  in  Milltown,  Me.  :  and  some  of 
the  I'niversalisis  supposinjjj  its  puli)it  would  he  free  to 
their  nnnisteis  a  [)art  of  the  time,  assisted  in  paying 
the  liills.  The  p(»licy  was  bad  ;  for  the  pv•"^session  of  a 
part  of  a  church  is  always  a  hindrance  to  a  growintj;  So- 


INIVKHSAI.IST    CIUKMII.  —  MII.I.T<»\VN    .V     (   AI.AI.-. 


i:.i 


N. 

f-<lt>V. 


^hor 


Ml 


t  of 


|)l!lCP 

lor- 
Itiona 

Inmo- 
of 

H'    to 

jyiiigr 
lof  a 


)0- 


(Mi'ty  that  lU'C.ls  a  nuu'tin<;  cviMV  Sunday.  Fortunately 
tlu'  oiilirc  control  ot' tin*  l)ui!(lin<i;  lnM-amc  legally  vested 
in  another  Society,  and  tlio  I'niversalists  continued  to 
worship  in  the  huniliU' iMit  free  school  house  until  they 
erected  a  church  wholly  theii'  own.  Thus,  often,  dis- 
aj)i)ointinents  result  in  l>lessinjj,s. 

In  1.S40,  Rev.  Amos  Ilitchiniis  ofWawei^,  St.  An 
drevvs,  N.  B.,  assumed  the  duties  of  pastoi'.  From  his 
rural  home  and  unostentatious  mauners,  he  was  some- 
times facetiously  calletl  the  "'Hurnt  land  ()reacher."  I>ut 
he  was  a  i  'maikalHy  clear  headetj  and  waini  heaited 
"•inau  of  Clod"  :  and  hence  his  ministry  was  hountifully 
blessed.  lie  ''passiMl  on  hi'fore,"  several  years  ajj^o.  in 
Auburn,  Me. 

The  next  year,  the  Society  built  a  small  but  pleas- 
ant meetinir-house  in  Milltown,N.  1).      It    was    loeate<l 
on  tiiat  side  ol  the  rivei"  [>artly  because    a    majority    o!" 
the  brethren  lived  there,    and    partly    because   a   better 
site  could  there  be  obtained.      It  was   dedicated,    Sept. 
28,  1841.      The  sermon  was  delivered  by  that   ehxpuMit 
favorite  of  the  Society,  Rev.  .1.  I>.  Dods.     His  text  was 
I  Kings    vi.  7,  and    the  discourse  was  printed  in    pam- 
phlet form  with  the  title  of  "HuildiiiLf  Sermon."    It  was 
an  ijifjjenious  and  i)owerful  Hible  arj^umont  in  i)roof   of 
his  religious  theory-   interspersed  with  many  a  strain  of 
tender  pathos.      It  was  a  great,  happy  and  hopeful  day 
for  the  Society.      Having  a  home  of  its  own,  it  now  pre- 
pared to  attend  to  its  spirit;ial  liousehold   duties.     Ac- 
(3ordingly  a  Church — a  Household  of  faith,  was  duly  in- 
stituted, and  the  sacramental  rites  of  Haptism   and    the 
Lord's  Supper  wore  ap[)r()priatel3'  observed.    The  mem- 
bers so  far  as  is  now  recollected,    were    Mr.    and    Mrs. 
.Foel  Whitney,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Joel  Hill,    Mr.    and    Mrs. 


r^"""""* 


ir)2       TrXIVKItSAMST    rlKuril. — Mri.LT<jWN    &    CALAIS. 

Samuel  Il.ill.  Mr.  .iiid  Mrs.  Ahticr  Hill.  Mr.  .'ind  Afra. 
WarrcMi  ll.'ivc'ock,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Daniel  Harmon,  Mr. 
.lames  haixley.  and  Mrs.  Seth  Todd.  This  was  an  im- 
portant movement  in  the  rl^lit  direetion  ;  and  if  at  that 
time,  more  of  the  ('on<j:reii,!ition  had  "pnton  the  vvhole 
armor  of  (iod"  and  alliliat<Ml  with  the  Chureii,  both  the 
parish  and  the  eause  wonld  have  onjoved  a  largely  in- 
creased prosperity.  Hnt  i)reeious  opportnni ties  are  oft- 
en r"<i;leeted  by  even  the  wise. 

Mr.  Hitehini;s  conld  plant  acbnirably.  but  he  had 
not  a  "renins  for  enltnrinu  or  harvesting;.  His  work 
was  done  in  Millt(»wn,  and  early  in  bS42,  he  resi<j:ned 
and  left;  and  in  Mar<*h  of  the  same  year,  Rev.  W.  C 
(ieorge,  M.  I).,  by  nnanimons  invitation  assinned  the 
pastorate  of  the  Society.  He  was  well  educated,  talent- 
ed, prudent  and  ucnial.  He  often  visited  his  pnrish- 
ioners,  and  in  a  manly  way  won  tlio  contidence  and  le- 
spect  of  the  entire  community.  He  preached  excellent 
sermons,  an<l  his  meetin<2;s  were  well  attended  and  prof- 
itable. Dnrini;  his  ministry,  all  the  parish  wheels  run 
smoothly,  and  the  Society  rose  to  the  rank  of  a  perma- 
nent, prosperous  Christian  Church,  to  which  it  was  an 
honor  and  a  benelit  to  belon«j;. 

In  Oct.  1S44,  Mr.  George  went  away  for  a  brief 
peiio<l  to  attend  medical  lectures  ;  and  during  his  six 
months  absence.  Rev.  J.C^.  Henry  sui)plied  the  pulpit. 
He  is  remembered  as  a  good  man  and  minister  ;  a  work- 
man that  deserved  respect  and  atiection.  In  accordance 
with  his  counsel,  the  hidies  formed  a  "Social  Sewing 
Circle"  to  promote  friendshii)and  aid  the  Sunday-school 
and  Society.  Its  meetings  were  well  attended  and  har- 
monious :  and  it  contributed  laruely  not  onlv  to  the 
funds  in  the  treasury,  but  also  to  the  unity  an<]  strength 


UNIVKHSALIST    <'ni  ifCII,  —  MILI.TOWN    A     CALAIS. 


1  ;■);$ 


of  the  parisli.  Tlio  Ciicl*' contimiod  itw  loirnlur  inct't- 
iiijzs  for  inon-  tlwiu  twenty- live  yours,  aiul  did  u  yast 
nniouiit  of  fjfood.  Dr.  (icori^o  rcturiKMl  in  April,  1X4.'). 
and  a<^ain  raitlifnUy  and  acccptaMy  pt'rfonncd  his  min- 
isterial duties,  addinii'  thereto  some  medieal  praetiee, 
until  June,  1H4!>,  when  he  a»;ain  left  and  went  t<)  Kurope 
to  finish  his  medieal  studies. 

I)urin«jf  his  ahsenee,  of  over  two  years,  Roy.  ().  II. 
Johnson  ofHeiated  as  |)astor  to  the  entire  satisfaetion  of 
all  coneerned.  Mr.  Johnson  being"  an  adroit  worker  in 
the  Sunday-school,  it  <xrew  rapi(dy  under  his  care  ; 
and  the  Concerts  which  he  arranged,  drew  crowded 
house.^  and  won  universal  admiration.  Mr.  Johnson 
now  resides  in  Jay.  Me. 

In  April,  lsr)2,  Dr.  (leorgc  again  returned  and  took 
charge  of  the  Society.  From  this  tiuje.  no  important 
eyent  transpired  until  Januaiy,  l«o4  ;  when  the  hiuhiy 
prized  church  accidentally  caught  fire  and  hurned  to  the 
ground.  It  was  a  sad  day.  The  home  was  lost  and  the 
household  destitute  of  shelter,  but  defianf^e  was  bid  to 
despair.  Arrangements  were  inunediately  made  for  the 
continuance  of  public  worship,  at  first  in  Sweet's  Hall, 
and  afterwards  in  St.  Stephen  Academy,  which  the 
Trustees  generously  offered  for  this  purpose.  Here  the 
people  met  and  Dr.  George  preached,  as  joyfull}'  as  in 
their  old  home,  knowing  that  better  days  were  coming. 
Immediately  measures  were  adopted  and  money  raised 
for  rebuilding  ;  and  soon  a  new  and  elegant  church  rose 
on  the  ruins  of  the  old  one.  The  Building  Connnittee 
were  Jas.  S.  Hall,  Wm.  Duren,  and  Seth  M.  Todd. 
The  dedication  took  place  Dec.  13,  IXoo.  The  sermon 
was  deliyered  by  Rev.  Asher  Moore  of  Portland,  and 
the  other  exercises  were  conducted  by  Rev.  T.  S.  Lath- 


1— ^ 


154       UNIVKHSALIST    CHURCH, MILLTOWN    A    CALAIS. 

roj)  of  Calais,  and  the  pjistor.  Thus  onco  more  the  So- 
ciety was  in  good  working  condition,  and  the  prospect 
seemed  briiihter  and  moi  r  liopeful  than  ever.  Dr. 
George  continucid  to  perform  the  arduous  but  not  con- 
Micting  duties  of  pastor  and  physician  till  Dec.  I808  ; 
when,  to  the  sur[)risc  and  regret  of  all  his  friends,  he 
resigned,  and  sought  a  less  toilsome  and  more  profitable 
tield  of  labor. 

The  parish  lost  no  time  in  hearing  candidates.  Its 
next  pastor,  Rev.  II.  A.  IMiilbrook  began  Dec.  ID,  I8i'>8. 
lie  was  youn^,  agreeable,  talented  and  energetic,  lioth 
the  matter  and  manner  of  his  sermons  were  pleasing, 
and  his  congregation  soon  equalled  the  capacity  of  the 
church.  No  prospect  could  l)e  more  brilliant,  for  the 
day  of  triumph  had  at  last  arrived.  The  success  was  so 
great  that  the  Unitarians  of  Calais  earnestly  desired  to 
participate  in  the  blessing.  Accordingly  after  due  pre- 
liminaries, the  Universalist  Society  voted,  April  17, 
IH;")!),  ''that  Br.  II.  A.  Philbrook  be  permitted  to  preach 
one  sermon  iuthe  Unitarian  church  in  Calais,  each  Sun- 
day, for  a  year  ; — the  Calais  Society  paying  one  half  his 
salary."  It  was  done  ;  and  thus  without  apparent  in- 
tention on  either  side,  commenced  that  fusion  of  the 
two  parishes,  which  was  destined  ultimately  to  make 
them  forever,  one  and  indivisible. 

The  records  of  the  Church  having  been  consumed 
with  the  meeting-house,  and  its  organization  lost,  at 
the  request  of  the  pastor,  a  reorganization  was  effected 
in  the  Spring  of  1M59.  The  persons  that  atliliated  were 
Wm.  Duren,  Benj.  Young,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Daniel  Har- 
mon, Mr.  and  Mrs.  Alex.  Smith,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Wm. 
Todd,  Jr.,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Chas.  Whitney,  Mrs.  Robert 
Todd,  Mrs.  Sophia  Sawyer,  Mrs.  Setli  M.  Todd,    Mrs. 


UNIVKUSALIST    CIUHdl, 


•MILI/inWN    X-    (  .\I.\I>. 


1 :».-» 


J(3lin  Dutch,  Mrs.  Sarah  Lowell,  aii<l  Miss  Lama  Hill. 
Again  the  Ordinances  were  ol)serve(l.  an<l  the  Lord  wor- 
shi|)[)e«l  in  the  heauty  of  holiriess. 

When  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  Itroke  out,  the  young 
pastor  so  warnuMl  np  with  i)atri()tisni  and  so  longed  to 
be  in  the  striCe,  that  rdar.  2.'),  ls('»2,  the  parish  voted 
him  leave  of  al)sence  for  three  months,  to  enabh'  hitii  to 
accept  the  Cha[)laincv  of  the  .sth  ^Liine  llegiinent  of 
Volunteers.  He  went  to  the  war  ;  and  during  his  ab- 
sence and  subse(]uent  illness,  the  pulpit  was  supplifd 
by  Rev.  S.  I>.  Rawson,  recentl\'  Riot",  of  Ancient 
Languages  in  St.  Lawrence  University, — a  learned  and 
excellent  man.  But  i)ermanency  is  not  an  attribute  of 
things  material.  Slowly  but  iiK^vitably  the  Milltown 
Society  experienced  a  disheartening  change.  Some  of 
the  active  members  died  ;  some  lost  their  religious  inter- 
est;  soine  moved  down  to  ''salt  watei' ;"  and  few  new 
members  came  in  to  fdl  up  the  vacancies.  The  congre- 
gation was  growing  smaller.  Mr.  Rhilbrook's  army 
cakupaign  had  broadened  his  views  and  excited  his  am- 
l)ition  ;  and  after  mature  deliberation,  he  wisely  resolv- 
ed to  inaugurate  a  new  Society  in  Calais. 

To  test  the  feasibility  of  the  project,  he  began  in 
May,  1866,  to  preach  one  half  of  each  Sunday  in  City 
Hall,  Calais,  spen<linir  the  other  h;df  ol'the  dav    in    the 


Milltown  church.  The  result  exceeded  his  sanguine 
lioi)e.  The  Calais  meeting  was  a  novelty  that  drew  at- 
tention, and  the  seats  in  the  Hall  were  free.  .  He  spake 
freely,  and  the  people  liked  both  his  style  and  senti- 
ments. If  he  did  not  attract  many  from  other  Societies, 
he  gathered  not  a  few  who  had  no  religious  home.  The 
prospect  soon  became  so  encouraging  that  an  oigani- 
zation  was  deemed  needful;  and  '^The  First   Indei)end- 


ir><)       IINIVKUSAI.FST    CIIUUCII, — MILl.TOWN    A    ('AI.AIS. 


, 


• 


■ 


cnt  Univcrsulist  Society  in  Calais,"  spraiij^  into  actnal 
and  consetincniial  existence.  J^iterally  the  Universal- 
ists  "pitcJH'd  their  tent  on  new  ground"  and  found  it 
safe  and  pleasant. 

But  as  the  new  Society  increased,  tlie  old  one  de- 
creased. The  audience  became  (juite  stnall,  the  pastor 
moved  to  Calais,  and  the  few  that  remained,  were  dis- 
<;ouraged.  Yet  there  stood  their  handsome  meeting- 
house, not  fourteen  years  old  ;  autl  what  to  do  with 
it,  became  more  and  more  a  puzzling  problem.  To  use 
it  or  desert  it,  secned  e([ually  unsatisfactory.  A  Pro- 
vidential interference  solved  the  dillicult  (piestion  in  a 
moment.  By  the  terrific  storm  of  Oct.  5,  18G0,  the 
meeting-house  was  blown  down  and  completely  demol- 
ished. The  end  of  the  Society  started  by  Mr.  Clark, 
and  incorporated  Mar.  2G,  1867,  by  the  "Lieutenant 
rJovernor,  TvCgishitive  Council  and  Assembly  of  New 
Brunswick,"  had  come.  Its  last  meeting  was  held  Oct. 
23,  18()t) ;  and  it  then  voted  to  adjourn  si7ic  die.  Sever- 
al of  its  memlu'rs  still  reside  in  Milltown,  but  they  have 
no  religious  meetings  and  no  hope  of  any  reorganization 
for  some  time  to  come. 

The  Calais  Society  after  worshipping  awhile  in  the 
City  llall,  moved  into  the  Congregationalist  vestry  on 
Main  St.,  and  after  that  was  burned,  into  the  Metho- 
dist church  which  was  generously  opened  for  them. 
May  5,  1870,  the  Society  was  legally  organized  and  em- 
powered to  hold  property,  in  accordance  with  the  Stat- 
utes of  Maine.  It  called  itself,  "The  First  Universalist 
Society  of  Calais  ;"  and  thirty-six  persons  became  mem- 
bers. A  Preamble,  Profession  of  Faith,  Constitution 
and  By-Laws  were  adopted,  similar  to  those  drawn  up 
years  before  bj'  Dr.  George   for   the  Milltown  parish. 


iTNivKusAi.isT  cnriK  II. 


MIM/roWN    A    CALAIS. 


I 


)i 


[etho- 

thera. 

em- 

Stat- 

[salist 

Imem- 

lution 

rn  up 

Irish. 


Tlic  manly  and  Christian  spirit,  ofthi'  I'roanihk',  rentiers 
it  worthy  of  preservation. 

''Whereas,  (lod  in  his  wisdom  has  bestowed  on  us 
the  inestin>al»le  riches  of  his  Word,  and  set  before  ns  the 
great  examples  of  Christ  to  bless  and  guide  us  through 
life,  and  has  ealled  upon  us  us  his  scMvants  to  labor  in 
exten<ling  the  s|)irit  an<l  prineijiles  of  the  ^iospel  among 
men  ;  therefore  we  form  ourselves  into  a  soeiety.  that 
we  may  be  helps  to  each  other,  and  b}'  our  united  ener- 
gies be  able  to  work  more  successfully  in  the  cause  of 
our  Divine  Master." 

The  Profession  of  Faith  is  the  one  adopted  by  all 
thellniversalist  Societies  in  the  country.    It  is  as  follows  : 

1.  "We  believe,  that  the  Holy  Scriptures  of  the  Old 
and  New  Testaments  contain  a  revelation  of  the  char- 
acter of  God,  and  of  the  duty,  interest,  and  final  desti- 
nation of  mankind. 

2.  ''We  believe  there  is  one  God,  whose  nature  is  love  ; 
revealed  in  one  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  by  one  Holy  Spirit 
of  grace,  who  will  finally  restore  the  whole  family  of 
mankind  to  holiness  and  happiness. 

3.  ''We  believe,  that  holiness  and  true  ha[)piness  are 
inseparably  connected  ;  and  that  believers  ought  to  main- 
tain order,  and  practise  good  works,  for  these  things  are 
good  and  profitable  unto  men." 

May  20,  1870,  the  Society  purchased  one  half  of 
the  Unitarian  church,  and  in  conjunction  with  the  Uni- 
tarians, thoroughly  remodelled  and  repaired  it  at  an  ex- 
pense often  thousand  dollars.  The  Building  Committee 
were  Benj.  Young,  Wm.  Duren,  J.  Phelan  and  L.  L. 
Wadsworth.  It  was  then  named  "Union  Church"  and 
dedicated  Dec.  28,  1870.  Rev.  H.  A.  Philbrook  preach- 
ed the  sermon,  and  Rev.  Mr.  Crafts,  of  Eastport,  offer- 
ed the  prayer. 


T^ 


! 


158      UNIVKUSALIST    CIUKCII, — MII-LTOWN    A    CALAIS. 

Soon  Jif'tcr,  tlio  two  Sociotios  and  their  Sunday- 
schools  nnitcd  and  worshipixMl  lo-jfctlicr,  Rev.  Mr. 
Philhrook  n^signod  and  K«'V.  I.  V.  Knowlton  was  cljoson 
pastor.  lie  coinMUMKM'd  Juno  Ist,  1h7I  ,  and  still  retains 
the  oflice  :  and  the  united  parish  is  enjoyin<;'  a  fair  share 
of  prosperity. 

In  May,  1H72,  an  or<;Mni/a1ion  was  arraiijjj»'d.  call- 
ed the  "Church  of  Christ  in  the  Union  Parish,  Calais, 
Maine,"  and  twenty-live  i)ers()jis  became  nienjl)ers. 
The  followiiio-  ''Statement  of  Faith  and  Purpose,"  re- 
veals its  character. 


Statkmknt  of  Faith  and  Puupose. 

"We  whose  names  are  hereunto  sul)scril)ed,  believe 
that  "there  is  one  (Jod  an<l  one  mediator  between  God 
and  men,  the  man  Christ  Jesus;  who  <;ave  himself  a 
ransom  for  all,  to  be  testified  in  due  time." 

We  believe  that  we  are  the  children  of  the  "Father 
of  all,  who  is  above  all,  and  throuu;h  all,  and  in  all  ;" 
whom  therefoie  we  should  love,  obey,  and  trust. 

Wc  believe  that  "the  (lospel  of  C'hrist  is  ihe  power 
of  God  unto  salvation  to  every  one  that  believeth  ;"  and 
that  therefore  it  ought  to  "be  preached  to  every  crea- 
ture." 

We  believe  tl' 


^mnraciujj  m 
ed-iint],-  out 


U  hi 


iii. 


las  a  Church  on  the  earth, 
and  that  openly  ack'uowl- 
tol  I.  and  wovkin<i  in  his  church, 
13  the  best  \  \y  to  '  ow  in  urace,  and  to  juanifest  tv)  the 
world  our  n  li<j,ion    ruith  and   purpose. 

We  therefore  assume  the  resix     -il)ilities  and  duties 
incumbent  u[)ou  members  of  the  (       istian  Church. 

We  oiler  the  IJiiiht  Hand  »>.        Ilowship  to  all  who 
desire  to  unite  with  us,  and  woul      connnend   to    them 


re- 


tl-  (VUti,.,,  rit,.s.,lli,,|„is,„  „,„|  t|„,  I.,nr.,  .s„|,,„„. 

».;  <;lnnn  !.,  he  a  Imu,,.'!,   ofll,..  Church  of  c'hmt 
>"thc|,„a„|-„rish,(nh,is,  Maine.  *-'"""' 

Wcpropose  to  elert  »,„.h  oIHc^ts  an,|  a,I.,„t  s„eh 

.  cll  ,1    a,„l  „■,.  rcsorv,.  th,.  rk;htto  ,vith,lm,v  IVo,,.  thU 
or.an,.,,lu.n,  „h..„  it  shall   s...,,,  .,..,,t    t„    „„,   „    ,     ^ 

The    l!„ive,'.sali.st    Society  slill  retains   its    „a,„o 
."his  ,ts  annual  „,ee,i„.s,an.lHcen.s   in   „o  .lan-^e,- 
ng  ;    ,„t  pnu-tieall,  it  is  n,e,-,..,l  in  th..  Luiou  ,.;  is 
«".l  that  |.ansh,  u,Mte,l  as  it    is   i„    faith    an.I    feolin./ 
-u.n.  a  n..st  elass  eluMch,  with   all  the  uee.lful  U 

sustan  e,l  l,.v  many  of  our  moral,   intelligent,    wealth, 
an.  .nlluential  oitizeus,  n.ust  long  .e.nair,  a  powe   :'  i 

.1  blessinnr  on  the  St.  (;,(,ix. 


^ 


K  .1 


IfiO 


SHIPPING. 


XXII. 

SIIIPPINO. 

Cahiirt  and  St.  Stephen  are  located  on  the  opposite 
banks  of  the  St.  Croix  liver,  at  the  heail  of  tlie  tide, 
about  twelve  miles  from  that  magnificent  arm  of  the 
ocean,  St.  Andrews  Bay.  The  river  has  bold  and 
picturesque  shores,  and  varies  in  width  from  fifty  rods 
to  two  hundred.  The  tide  rises  and  falls  twenty-six 
feet,  making  the  river  navigable  for  large  vessels,  twice 
in  everv  twentv  four  hours.  At  low  water,  however, 
the  river  appears  like  a  shallow  stream  running  through 
a  wide  and  deep  valley.  The  bed  of  the  rivC'*,  made 
soft  by  vast  accumulations  of  mud  and  sawdust,  per- 
mits vessels  of  any  size  to  ground  without  injury. 

The  principal  export  from  Calais  an<l  St.  Stephen 
has  ever  been  lumber.  The  St.  Croix  is  an  easy  path 
to  the  ocean,  and  for  bulky  and  heavy  merchandi;;3,  the 
ocean  road  is  ever  the  cheapest  wa^'  to  market.  Hence, 
from  the  first,  the  lumbermen  liave  required  and  emploj-^- 
ed  a  large  number  of  vessels  ;  and  on  account  of  both 
the  size  of  the  river,  and  the  small  cargoes  desired  by 
western  purchasers,  in  the  coasting  line  small  vessels 
have  generally  been  preferred.  So  long  as  the  shippers 
of  lumber  were  cramped  for  means,  the  freighting  was 
dono!  by  vessels  owned  in  St.  Andrews,  St.  John,  Port- 


SHIPPING. 


161 


land,  Boston,  and  elsewhere ;  but  at  an  early  day,  the 
thrifty  operators  in  the  forest  resolved  to  build,  own 
and  manage  vessels  in  which  to  export  their  manufac- 
tures. On  experiment,  this  was  found  to  be  good  poli- 
cy ;  and  it  was  ultimately  adopted  by  all  who  possessed 
the  means.  Seventy-five  years  ago  the  registry  of  new 
vessels  was  not  attended  to  so  faithfully,  at  least  in 
this  part  of  the  country,  as  at  present ;  but  the  follow- 
ing is  deemed  reliable  so  far  as  it  goes  : 

In  1797,  tradition  reports  a  vessel  built  in  St. 
Stephen,  Alexander  Gordon,  and  sold  to  Smith  &  Rob- 
inson, of  St.  John.  If  the  story  is  correct,  this  was  the 
first  vessel  Uiunched  into  the  river  above  St.  Andrews. 
In  1799  and  1800,  the  schooner  Atme  was  built  in  St. 
Stephen,  for  Joseph  Porter.  In  1803,  Jarius  Keene 
built  for  an  Eastport  company,  the  schooner  Liberty,  on 
Kilburn's  Point,  Calais.  This  was  the  first  one  launch- 
ed in  Calais.  About  thistime,the  brig  uEolus  was  built 
in  St.  Stephen,  for  Abner  Hill  and  Aaron  Upton  ;  and 
the  schooner  Boynf,  in  Calais,  for  Shubael  Downes. 
Probably  other  vessels  were  built  on  each  side  of  the 
river,  previous  to  1812,  but  I  have  not  been  able  to  find 
their  names  or  owners.  The  war  came  ;  business  was 
suspended  ;  hard  times  followed  ;  and  we  hear  no  more 
of  ship-building  until  1818.  In  that  year,  Jarius  Keene 
built  the  schooner  Uiiity,  in  St.  Stephen.  He  also  built 
in  Calais,  in  1820,  the  schooner  Boston,  and  in  1823, 
the  Calai^  Packet, 

For  a  few  years,  c  jmmencing  perhaps  about  1818, 
ship-building  in  St.  Stephen  was  brisk  and  profitable,  and 
quite  a  nunibei  of  vessels  were  launched.  Among  the 
master-builders  were  David  P^astman  and  a  Mr.  God- 
frey from  Steuben,  Me.  ;  and  among   the  owners  were 


I 


. 


Kl-i 


SHIPPINC;. 


William  Porter  and  the  Messrs.  Cl.irk.  Tiie  Fingal  and 
Wm.  PTaZ/ace,  the  barque  C/f-qpaint,  aiid  thoship/Zerome, — 
the  first  ship  ever  built  in  town, — were  successfully 
I.'iuiiched.  Hut  in  1823-4,  in  consequence  of  the  strin- 
gent money  market  and  linancial  panic  in  Europe,  the 
ship-hnilding  business  became  so  nnprotitable  that  work 
in  the  yards  entirely  ceased,  and  several  half-built  ves- 
sels in  St.  Stephen,  were  abandoned  and  left  to  rot  on 
the  stocks.  Hut  the  depression  did  not  I  ast  long  ;  the 
world  needs  a  larjije  fleet ;  and  soon,  the  carpenters  were 
auain  busilv  at  work. 

In  IJS'jr),  Sarins  Keen  built  h\Vr^Zi\yporah'M\(\  schoon- 
er Sarah^  in  Calais,  and  brig  Kczuth,  in  St.  Stephen  ; 
and  the  same  year,  ().  P.  Hinds  built  in  St.  Stephen, 
for  ,Iani<'s  Frink,  the  schooner  Henry.  The  next  year, 
Mr.  I  linds  took  down  two  of  the  rotting  hulks,  and  work- 
ed over  a  })art  of  their  materi:;l  into  the  two  new  brigs, 
Mary  Porter  i\\\{\  Pilgrim.  In  1827,  Mr.  Hinds  also 
l)uilt  in  St.  Stephen,  barque  Cereus  and  i)ilot  boat  John 
(Jampbdl.  In  lS2i),  Mr.  Keene  luiilt  in  Calais,  the 
schooner  li'sohUioJi ;  and  jMr.  Hinds  l)uilt  in  St.  Stephen, 
the  ])rig  Stiinjison.  After  this,  the  names  of  some  of  the 
vessels  built,  were,  brig  Royal  Williain.,  St.  Stephen, 
lrS;}();  \)\''\^s.  Eliza  Ann,  Ni'honidh,  Jhstcr  and  Sir  John 
Moore,  St.  Stephen,  1H;J2:  schooner  (jov.  Hobbins.^  Cal- 
ais, l.s.S,*}  ;  schooner  ra/-iio/^  Calais.  183;');  and  soon 
!ifter,  schooner  Frecport^  brig  ihhe  and  banpie  Stephen. 
Consideral)le  building  has  been  going  on  ever  since; 
but  for  the  names  and  dates,  the  rcider  nmst  consult 
the  Custom  House  records. 

The  following  statement  of  the  shipping  interests 
in  Calais,  for  1874,  does  not  materially  ditfer  from  the 
average  amnial  business  of  the  [)ast  Ave  years.     One 


SHiriMN(J 


W6 


hundred  and  sc/ontv-six  vt-ssels  are  owned  in,  or  liail 
from  Calais,  and  some  tvventy-Hve,  from  St.  Stephen. 
Dnring  1874,  the  river  vvaHO}x'n  for  navigation,. SOU  (hiys. 
Arrivals  in  Calais,  11()1);  elearanees,  1177.  Vessels 
built,  12,  having  a  hurthen  of  2();J1)  tons.  Vessels  re- 
paired at  doeks  an<l  railways,  2*22.  Exports  as  follows  : 
long  lumber,  78,()()0.(M)()  feet;  laths,  r)4,()0(),()0()  ;  shin- 
des,  3o,()()(),()(M);i)ickets,  1,500,000;  spool  stuff,  lUi,- 


000;  staves,  525,000;  elapboanls,  l;)5,00();  i)osts  and 
R.  R.  ties,  41,000;  ship  knees,  00,000;  s})ruc('  i)oles, 
1450  ;  cords  of  w^ood,450  ;  stone  drags,  101  ;  bedsteads, 
71)0  ;  barrels  of  plaster,  41,000.  ImjKjrts  as  follows: 
bushels  of  corn,  150,000  ;  barrels  of  Hour,  28,000  ;  bar- 
rels of  pork  and  beef,  3300  ;  tons  of  coal,  .3000  ;  casks 
of  lime,  6,100. 

The  St.  Stephen  people  are  part  owners  of  many 
Calais  vessels,  and  their  eonmierce  is  largely  done    un- 


0"V' 


<ler  the  American  flag.  Much  of  their  lumber  is  ship- 
ped from  the  port  of  Calais,  and  is  therefore  included  in 
the  above  manifest.  There  are  however  about  sixty 
arrivals  and  clearances  in  a  year  ;  the  trade  l»eing  main- 
h' with  Euroi)e  and  the  West  Indies.  The  value  of  the 
annual  exports  is  about  8500,000;  im])orts,  S400,000. 
The  balance  is  invariably  in  favor  of  both  St.  Stephen 
and  Calais  ;  and  hence  they  are  growing  in  wealth. 

It  was  long  the  fond  hope  and  dream  of  St.  An- 
drews that,  aided  by  railwa\'  acconmiodation,  her  har- 
bor would  eventually  become  the  main  sea-port  for  ail 
British  North  America  ;  but  the  thrift  and  growth  of  the 
up-river  towns,  long  ago  dissipated  that  pleasant  illu- 
sion. Invariably  the  inward  bound  shii»  seeks  the  head 
of  the  tide  ;  and  her  sails  are  not  furled  until  shoal  wa- 
ter or  rapids  forbid  her  progress.     The    port  of  Calais 


■r^ 


«m' 


104 


SHIPPING. 


and  St.  Sto[)hen  is  the  natural,  maritime  outlet  and  in- 
let of  a  large  and  ricli  part  of  Maine  arid  Nt  ♦'  Bruns- 
wick, and  through  it  there  must  ever  flow  a  large  a- 
mount of  commerce  ;  and  when  inland,  niilway  communi- 
cation is  perfected,  and  numerous  factories  utilize  the 
immense  water  power  of  the  St.  Croix,  here  will  arise 
the  queen  city  of  the  East. 


II  4 


BllIDGES. 


IGi) 


xxin. 


BRIDGES. 

The  first  bridoje  that  spannv^d  the  St.  Croix  rivor, 
was  made  of  ice.  For  thousands  of  years,  a  solid  struct- 
ure  of  this  material  was  stretched  from  shore  to  shore 
ever}'  Autumn,  and  broken  up  and  carried  away  every 
Spring.  In  Sunnner  the  Red  men  crossed  the  water  in 
birch  bark  canoes,  and  the  early  white  settlers,  in  more 
substantial  l)oats.  As  the  white  population  and  need  of 
transit  increased,  the  boats  became  more  an;l  more  nu- 
merous, until  regular  ferries  were  established.  The  ferry 
at  Milltown  was  run  by  Jesse  Hancock,  and  the  one  at 
Calais  by  Isaac  Hanson.  Neither  of  them,  at  any  time 
were  large  enough  to  carry  teams. 

At  an  early  day,  the  date  not  remembered,  a  wood- 
en bridge  was  thrown  across  the  river  at  Baring,  and 
those  who  wished  to  drive  from  Calais  to  St.  Ste[)hen 
were  obliged  to  go  through  Baring ;  driving  eight  miles 
to  reach  a  point  only  half  a  mile  distant. 

At  length  tired  of  this  round  about  way,  in  1825, 
the  upper  n'idge  at  Milltown  was  built  by  Amaziah 
Nash  for  a  Corporation  that  embraced  himself,  Salmon 
Gates,  Da^id  Wright,  Joel  Hill,  Abner  Hill  and  others. 
It  was  not  an  elegant  structure,  but  it  was  safe  and  con- 
venient ;  and  gr-eat  was  the  public  joy  at  its  opening. 
From  the  first,  it  has  been  a  paying  investment. 


lOG 


BRIDGES. 


Stimulated  ]»y  this  success,  in  1^27,  the  Fern 
Point  hn(l«re,  the  lowest  on  the  river,  was  huilt  by  ('apt. 
Seth  Emerson  for  a  Company  eomj)risinji:  himseir.  .lo- 
Reph  Whitney,  (ieo.  Downes,  Nehemiah  Marks.  Hol)ert 
Lindsay  and  otliers.  Mr.  Kmerson  lias  kept  it  in  ex- 
cellent repair  I'rom  that  time  to  the  present  day  :  and  it 
is  now  a  handsome  and  substantial  structure.  A  very 
large  amount  of  travel  i)asses  oxer  it.  and  hence  it  pays 
a  large  dividend  to  the  owners. 

The  lower  l)ridge  at  Milltown  and  the  Tnion  Mills 
bridge  were  l)uilt  about  thirty  years  ago,  mainly  for  the 
accommodation  of  the  mill  owners  in  these  localities. 
Neither  of  the  four  bridges  are  free  ;  and  so  long  as  the 
vSt.  Croix  is  the  boundary  of  two  Governments,  it  is  not 
probable  that  either  bridge  will  be  made  free. 


r<» 


MTEUATl  KE. 


167 


XXIV. 

LITERATURE, 

Tlie  wisdom  of  the  wise,  and  the  knovvledujc  of  the 
learned  are  ju'eserved  in  l)ooks.  K(Uication  is  obtained 
nuiinlv  hv  readinyr.  In  any  society,  the  more  sek'ct 
readin*^,  the  higher  the  tone  and  enltnre.  At  an  early 
day  these  facts  were  perceived  and  acted  upon  by  the 
wide-awake  i)eople  of  Calais  and  St.  Stephen. 

A  society  called  the  ' 'Calais  Club"  was  organized 
in  Calais,  Apr.  4,  1827,  by  A.  G.  Clari.'ler,  Geo. 
Dow  lies,  N.  I).  Shaw,  ().  L.  Bridges,  Theocore  Jones, 
T.  A.  Brewer,  Henry  Richards  and  J.  S.  Cooper.  Its 
object  was  to  establish  and  maintain  a  })iiblic  libraiy. 
The  price  of  admission  to  the  Club  was  five  dollars  ;  and 
the  annual  tax,  live  dollars.  A  room  in  the  second  story 
of  a  building  on  Union  Wharf,  was  engaged  and  fitted 
for  use,  thirty  or  forty  more  persons  joined  the  Club, 
books  were  bought  and  donated,  and  the  library  went 
into  oi)eration.  In  the  course  of  two  or  three  years, 
most  of  the  prominent  citizens  on  each  side  of  the  river 
were  admitted  as  members,  several  hundred  volumes 
were  placed  on  the  shelves,  and  the  institution  declared 
a  success.  The  records  indicate  that  the  members  were 
negligent  a])out  returning  books  and  paj'ing  fines  ;  but 
there  was  a  large  amount  of  profitable  reading. 


168 


LITKRATURE. 


In  May,  1833,  tlif  orjjfanizsition  was  leoallv  incor- 
porated as  tho  ''Calais  ^ihrary  Chil)."  The  aamission 
fee  was  raised  to  eijiht  lollars,  and  the  annual  tax  re- 
duced to  four.  Fifty-two  persons  hecanu'  members  un- 
der the  new  regime.  Lewis  Wilson  was  chosen  Presi- 
dent;  LuthurC.  White,  Secretary;  Dr.  S.  S.  Wiiipple, 
Manly  B,  Townsend  and  James  S.  l*ike.  Directors. 
The  library  was  open  one  afternoon  in  each  week,  and 
at  times  there  were  exciting  scrambles  for  some  favor- 
ite book.  Hut  on  this  basis,  with  occasional  ups  and 
downs,  the  Club  continued  to  enjoy  a  fair  share  of 
prosperity  until  1868,  whe!i  it  being  in  debt,  and 
some  of  the  members  desiring  to  dissolve  the  Company, 
a  suit  was  brought  against  it,  and  the  entire  stock  of 
books  sold  at  auction.  This  was  done  to  open  the  way 
for  a  new  and  better  organization.  Immediately  a  new 
Company  was  formed,  called  the  "St.  Croix  Library 
Association  ;"  a  subscrii)tion  was  made  of  over  $500, 
the  books  bought  at  the  same  low  price  for  which  they 
were  sold,  and  the  institution  reopened  on  a  more  hope- 
ful basis  than  before.  The  admission  fee  was  now  fix- 
ed at  ten  dollars,  and  the  annual  tax  at  four.  The  Li- 
brary was  open  one  afternoon  in  a  week. 

In  the  great  fire  of  1870,  the  building  in  which  the 
Library  was  kept,  was  burned,  and  man}'  of  the  books 
were  destroj'ed.  But  two  jears  after,  the  institution 
again  went  into  operation.  A  room  was  hired  in  St. 
Croix  hall,  and  by  the  generosity  of  F.  H.  Todd  and 
F.  A.  Pike,  supi)lied  with  nice  and  commodius  tables 
and  shelves  ;  many  new  books  were  purchased  with  the 
money  received  for  insurance  on  the  volumes  burned  ; 
the  annual  subscription  was  reduced  to  two  dollars,  and 
the  public  placed  on  about  an  equal  footing  with  stock- 


MTKKATUKK 


1  <;<« 


holders,  and  a  librarian  sotMircd  for  ovorv  artornoon  in 
the  wi'ok  except  Snnday.  Tlie  Library  is  now  in  a  mon' 
healtliy  and  prosperons  condition  than  ever  before.  It 
owns  over  '2f'>(H)  Itooks.and  has  11)0  sni)scrib(>rs  :  and  the 
nnniber  of  both  i)ooks  and  readers  is  steadily  increasin<jj. 
There  are  at  present  some  seventy  resident  stockholders 
and  as  the  nunilter  is  slowly  diininishinu;,  and  as  there 
is  little  in(lucenien,t  for  any  one  to  pnrchase  stock,  it  is 
probable  that  the  city  eventually  1)V  appropriatinj;  one 
ortwohundred  dollars  amnially,  will  assume  its  mana«»('- 
nient  and  secure  its  i)ermanent  prosperity.  The  oflicers 
for  the  current  year  are  Ed^ir  Whiihlen,  President ;  K. 
A.  Pike,  Vice  President;  iM-ank  Williams,  Treasurer: 
Kdward  Moore,  CUerk  ;  Jul!  i  Kimball,  Lii»rarian  ;  K.  H. 
Ilarvev,  W.  J.  Corthell,  C.  li.  bounds,  A.  L.Todd,  (i. 
T.  Porter,  Wm.  Todd,  L.  C  .  Bailey,  Directors. 

Cultured  by  choice  and  extensive  reading,  stinuj- 
lated  by  the  bracing  air,  and  insi)ired  by  the  wild  and 
romantic  scenes  and  scenerv  of  this  north-eastern  conn- 
try,  many  of  our  citizens  have  evinced  a  decided  liter- 
ary  taste,  and  several  have  won  an  enviable  reputation 
as  authors.     In  fact,  few  places  of  the    same  size   can 


'lle( 


d 


)plt 


(1 


d)I< 


boast  so  many  i 
ers. 

Conspicuous  among  the  best,  is  the  amiable  and 
thoughtful  Mrs.  F.  A.  Pike,  daughter  of  the  late  Dea. 
E.  I),  (ireen  of  Calais.  Her  lirst  book,  "Ida  May," 
had  an  extensive  sale  and  millions  of  delighted  readers. 
Its  intiuence  and  popularity  may  be    inferred   from    the 

fact,  that  hundreds  of  daughters,  since  its    publication, 

have  been  christened,  for  its  sweet  heroine, — Ida  May. 

Her  next  l)ook,  ''•Caste,"  though   equally    well    written 


T^ 


170 


IJTKUATITKE. 


ii 


.  • 


and  sirtiHticnlly  of  a  lii<j;h(>r  order,  yet  lK'in<i:  sm  anti- 
slavorv  storv  and  laiincluMl  in  the  wake  of  "lint'le  Tom's 
Cabin,"  was  not  HO  well  n^'oiviMl.  Ilcr  third  volunu' 
was  AfjjncH  ;  a  i)l('aHant  story.  Since  its  publication, 
thouj^ii  occasionally  vvritingan  article  for  the  niajijazinos, 
Mrs.  Pike  has  exchanj^ed  the  pen  for  the  pencil  and 
brush,  and  is  doing  very  fine  work  as  a  landscape-paint- 
er. 

The  brilliant  Harriet  Prescott  was  also  a  luitive  of 
Calais  ;  lier  mother  beinjj:  Ji  sister  of  that  able  attorney, 
O.  L.  Bridges,  Ks(j.  She  remained  here  till  imbued 
with  tlie  romantic  spirit  of  the  i)lace,  and  then  at  the 
age  of  ten,  moved  to  Newbury})ort,  Mass.,  where  she 
married  Mr.  Spotford.  She  began  to  attract  public 
notice  as  an  authoress  by  her  arabescjue  and  witching 
stories  in  the  "Atlantic"  magazine.  She  has  since  pub- 
lished several  much  read  volumes,  and  is  still  writing 
in  the  full  tide  of  popularity.  Among  her  interesting 
volumes  are,  ''Amber  (iods,"  "'Sir  Rohan's  (Jliost,"  "A 
Thief  in  the  Night,"  and  '*Azania."  Her  sister,  Mary 
N.  Prescott,  also  a  native  of  Calais,  is  the  writer  of 
many  pretty  stories  in  "'Our  Young  Folks"  and  other 
jnonthlies. 

J.  S.  Pike,  Kscj.,  another  native  of  Calais,  is  wide- 
ly known  as  a  racy  corresijondent  of  the  New  York 
Tribune.  lie  has  recently  })ublished  a  book, — ''The 
Prostrate  State,"  and  although  largely  engaged  in  fi- 
nancial affairs,  he  still  finds  time  to  use  his  facile  and 
pungent  pen. 

Hon.  J.  G.  Stevens  of  St.  Stephen  has  edited  and 
published  two  volumes  of  agricultural  reports,  and  an 
able  and  highly  prized  "Digest  of  New  Brunswick  Law 
Reports,"  and  his  pen  is  still  busy. 


v..,,!'::;^,''- ?''^'''''- '•••''''■•"■''- «•■'»'■-'- 

.     p  .    .,  ..,,.,v  l,,,ok«  fi,,.  ,.|,il,ln.,,.     Mrs.  I!.  ,.■.    K..|. 
y  of  („  „  s    |,,„„„  .,,.,,„i,i,„|y    h,.,„„m,|    ,,i,„„...s    ,  r 

••'  «•!<    ..UK  ,t  on,ilh.,loj,i„,  a„.l  ta.xi,l..n„i.s,.  I,„h  ' 

:    7""1'"'  "'"--■— "-all  tiK.  nativ.: J.,,  J 

'"'•<"..v  l„t,„.,. ,„,.  (|K.ir  nativ  tow,'.  **  ' 


^ 


172 


IIKNKVOLKNT    SOCIKTrKS. 


4 


s. 
», 


XXV. 

liKNFA'OLKNT  SnC FF/riES. 

\\u\\\fv\\vv  is  coimnon  in  every  Iniul.  Kxtrnvu- 
f^nnee,  idleness,  inteinpersmee,  ignoranee  and  \vejil\nesH, 
are  eontinnaliy  inannfaetnrinfjf  pauperism.  Hut  poverty 
is  not  wholly  a  enrse.  Instead,  it  exeites  i)ity  and 
stininlates  eliarity  ;  an«l  charity  is  m-eater  than  lalth  or 
hope.  The  poor  in  Calais  have  never  been  more  nu- 
merous than  in  other  towns  of  the  same  size  ;  but  the 
number  of  the  benevolent  and  the  extent  of  their  <^ener- 
osity  have  for  many  years  been  above  the  eoonnon  aver- 
age of  even  New  Kn<;land  Towns.  A  lumbering  eom- 
inunity  is  usually  large  hearted  and  generous,  and  both 
Calais  and  St.  Stephen  have  often  indulged  in  the  lux- 
ury of  doing  good. 

The  Winter  of  182H  was  umisually  long  and  severe, 
and  many  families  sulfered  for  lack  of  sufllcient  food  and 
raiment.  It  is  true,  the  law  conmiands  <  very  town  to 
take  care  of  its  i)oor  ;  but  there  are  always  manj^  cases 
which  the  authorities  cannot  easily  reach.  Children 
cannot  make  known  their  wants,  and  the  sensitive  shrink 
from  becoming  paupers.  These  facts  being  known, 
early  in  18*28,  two  benevolent  societies  sprang  into  ex- 
istence almost  simultaneously,  and  began  their  noble 
w^ork,  never  to  cease  while  there  are  hearts  of  tender- 
ness, and  poor  to  assist. 


HKNK  V<  H.KNT     S(  M  'I  KT I KS. 


\7l\ 


The  Ljulics  BcnovoUMit  Sociotv  of  Milltown  owes 
Its  t)rio;iii  to  Mrs.  Salmon  (Ijitcs,  Mrs.  Lewis  Wilson, 
Mrs.  Niithanicl  Luinhc  smd  others  of  like  sympathetic 
natnre.  Its  oliject  was,  "in  every  way  possihle  to  as- 
sist the  snllerin^"  |)oor,  re<j;anlless  of  sector  nationality." 
(^nit'^  a  numher  of  ladies  Joined  the  Society,  means  were 
soon  procured,  and  the  truly  Christian  work  of  helping 
the  needy,  be^an.  Hut  a  strange  and  unexpecteil  oh- 
sta<^le  arose.  The  poor,  insti«^ated  by  a  false  and  fool- 
ish pride,  refuseil  to  accept  the  offered  assistance! 
They  ima<^ined  that  its  reception  would  somehow  de- 
j^rade  theni  to  the  rank  of  '-town  charji;es."  The  ladies 
lujwever  coiitiiuuHl  to  work  an<l  accimudate  funds,  and 
do  what  ji;ood  they  l  dd  ;  but  at  len|j;th  the  interest, 
abated,  and  the  funds  of  the  Society  were  appropriatecl 
to  the  purchase  of  palls  to  be  used  at  funerals.  As 
there  was  then  no  hearse  in  town,  these  sable  coverin<j:s 
of  the  biiT  were  very  acceptable  to  the  public.  The 
Society  then,  though  not  dissolved,  became  dormant. 
In  18.'37,  however,  it  awoke,  and  b}'  the  discreet  advice 
and  assistance  of  Rev.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Iluckins,  again 
went  into  operation.  No  obstacles  were  now  in  the 
way.  Fifty-nine  ladies  joined  the  Society,  Mrs.  Reuben 
Lowell  was  chosen  1st  Directress  and  retained  theoflice 
nineteen  years;  and  without  any  interruption,  this  mis- 
sion of  mercy  has  continued  its  work,  doing  a  vast 
amount  of  good,  to  the  present  time.  Mrs.  Nathaniel 
Lambe  has  long  been  its  1st  Directress,  and  Mrs.  Kl- 
well  Lowell  its  Secretary. 

"In  March,  1828,"  as  we  learn  frotn  Mrs.  C.  R. 
Whidden's  excellent  annual  report  for  1874,  "a  number 
of  ladies  met  in  the  hall  owned  by  Jones  Dyer,  Escj., 
and  formed  themselves  into  the  Ladies  Benevolent   So- 


174 


UKN KVOLKNT    S* )<  I KTI KS. 


c'iety  ofCiiiais."  The  cronsVilution  thou  adopted  con- 
taining thirt(H;n  brief  articles,  which  remain  unchanged 
to  the  present  time,  states  that  "'the  object  o.  this  Soci- 
ety sliall  be  to  assist  the  poor,  and  particularly  the  sick, 
and  those  unable  to  labor."  Mrs.  Oeorge  Downes  wiis 
chosen  1st  Directress,  and  Mis.  Samuel  Barker,  Secre- 
tary ;  and  both  of  these  ladies  are  still  active  members 
of  the  Society.  During  its  existence  the  Society  has 
collected  and  distributed  at  least  S>^0()0  in  food,  raiment, 
medicine,  and  such  other  things  as  the  poor  need, 
currying  its  donations  into  every  part  of  the  city,  and 
to  hundreds  of  families.  "■Children  have  been  provided 
with  clothing  and  sent  to  school ;  homes  have  been  pro- 
vided for  fatherless  little  ones  ;  and  aged  people  have 
for  many  long  3'ears  received  such  comforts  as  they 
could  obtain  in  no  other  way,"  The  popularity,  means 
and  benevolent  work  of  this  Society  have  for  several 
years  been  steadily  increasing,  and  its  future  promises 
to  be  even  more  blessed  than  its  past. 

''Its  present  ollicers  are,  1st  Directress,  Mrs.  Jones 
Haycock;  2nd  Direct'ess,  Mrs.  F.  A.  IMke  ;  Treasurer, 
Mrs.  1).  B.  Bariuu'd ;  Secretary,  Mrs.  George  King; 
Distril)uting  Committee,  INIrs.  K.  A.  Barnard,  Mrs.  G. 
D.  King,  Mrs.  C.  11.  Whid  len,  Mrs.  L.  1).  Sawyer,  Mrs. 
Chnrles  Lord,  Mrs.  O.  B.  Hideout." 


KAILWAYS. 


17:. 


XXVI. 

Ji  AIL  WAYS. 

To  ohviate  tlio  (lifliciilties  and  save  some  part  (»f 
the  cxjKMiso  of  transporting  lumbor  from  Milltown  to 
tho  wharves  from  whence  it  was  shipped,  in  1«."J2,  the 
Cahiis  Railway  Compan}',  viz: — Wm.  Delesdernier, 
Jones  Dyer,  (ieo.  Downes,  and  O.  S.  Hridges,  on  peti- 
tion, received  from  the  Legislature  of  Maine,  a  Clnirter 
empowering  them  to  bnild  and  hold  a  railway  from  Ctd- 
ais  to  Milltown.  It  gave  them  three  years  to  eompUle 
the  road,  and  required  them  to  transport  lumber  from 
the  mills  to  the  wharves  for  fifty  cents  per  thousand 
feet,  board  measure. 

The  thre  '  years  passed,  and  nothing  was  done. 
But  in  1830,  the  Legislature  renewed  the  Charter,  grant- 
ed three  more  years  time,  and  added  Neal  I).  Shaw, 
Luther  Brackett  and  Seth  Emerson  to  the  Comi)aMy. 
The  (inancial  crash  of  183<j  came,  and  the  work  of  con- 
struction went  on  slowly.  In  1837,  the  road  was  grad- 
ed, but  no  rails  laid.  The  next  year,  the  Charter  was 
again  renewed  and  further  time  granted.  Jn  1831).  the 
road  was  complete*!,  and  freight  cars  drawn  by  horses 
commenced  running.  But  it  was  soon  evident  that  the 
road  did  not  pay  its  running  expenses.  It  was  not 
well  patronized  nor  well  managed  ;  and  after  the  dis- 
couraging experience  of  two  years  of  failure,  the   Com- 


^^ 


170 


KAILWAVS. 


pany  suspcndcMl  oponitions,  an<l  tlie  .sickly  cont'oni  was 
allowed  to  (lie. 

A  few  years  al'ter,  Iloiatio  X.  IIlll  anil  J<;lni  Por- 
ter orijiinaled  the  idea  of  a  steam  railway  from  Calais 
to  Harinu;.  Klaltorate  calcnlalioiis  and  ariinments  were 
made,  a  eompany  was  formed,  and  alter  loiiij;  and  te- 
dious negotiations,  the  new  Com|)any.  in  1«4S,  purehas- 
ed  the  Calais  an<l  Milltown  railway  for  the  small  sum  of 
$1000.  duly  •2;^  1841),  the  Leoislatnre  gave  a  Charter 
empowering  the  Calais  and  IJaring  Rairoad  Company 
to  hold  propeity  to  the  amonnt  of  $200,000,  and  to 
bnild  and  run  a  railway  from  "Vanee's  Boom  to  Burnt 
Point."  In  Xoveujher  of  the  same  year,  (Jeo.  M.  Por 
ter,  II.  N.  Hill,  F.  C.  Swan,  Levi  L.  Lowell,  and  S.  R. 
Ilanseoml),  wer<!  ehosen  Directors,  and  the  last  name(l 
gentlcnum,  Treasurer.  Immediately  i  00. 000  worth 
of  bonds  were  issued,  and  thouiih  the  people  of  Calais 
refused  to  invest  in  the  speculation,  the  building-  of  the 
road  was  put  under  contract.  During  the  next  year, 
the  rails  were  laid,  i)latform  cars  l)uilt,  two  second  hand 
locomotives  were  imported  from  Massachusetts,  costing 
only  Sr>00  apiece  ;  and  in  the  Spring  of  l<s')l,  the  steam 
whistle  was  hc.<rd  and  regular  trains  began  running. 
The  wish  and  hope  of  the  pa.-jt  nineteen  years  were  re- 
alized, audthenjanagers  were  gieatly  elated.  Andju-'t- 
ly.  At  the  end  of  the  lirst  half  year,  a  dividend  of  six 
per  cent,  was  tleclared.  Since  then  the  road  has  ever 
promptly  paid  its  bills,  and  earned  on  an  average  about 
ten  per  cent,  per  annum  on  its  cost. 

About  this  time  Messrs.  Wns.  Todd.  E.  C.  Gates, 
F.  A.  Pike,  T.  d.  Copeland,  \Vm.  Duren.  an<l  other  ac- 
tive business  men  formed  a  Company  and  bailt  the 
Levvy's  Island  R.K,,  connecting  with  the  C.  &  B,  luad 


KAII.WAVS. 


1 


i  I 


at  Baring.  This  road,  tlioiigh  a  great  convenience, 
was  not  a  financia!  succesy.  The  ('ity  of  Calaia  had  a 
mortgage  of  it  forahout  $1')0,00(),  and  it  could  do  lit- 
tle more  than  pay  tlu'  interest.  Moreover,  the  mana- 
gers of  the  two  roads  could  never  agree  on  the  price  of 

transportation. 

In  l«f)9,  after  y»'ars  of  fruitless  bargaining,  the 
C.  &.  B.  R.H.  Co.  '"nchascMl  the  Lewy's  Island  road, 
for  $140,000,  agreeing  to  pay  annually  SaOOO  and  the 
interest;  which  it  h;is  ever  since  promptly  done. 

In  1870,  the  name  was  changed  to  St.  Croix  and 
Penobscot  Railroad,  and  ho[)es  are  entertained  that  at 
no  distant  da\'  it  will  be  extended  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Piscata(piis  river,  and  thus  l)ring  Calais  and  Bangor 
within  five  hoyrs  of  cmcIi  other.  Under  the  skilful  su- 
perintendence of  VV.  \V.  Sawyer,  the  road  is  now  doing  a 
fair  amount  of  busiiie>s. 

St.  Stkfukm  Biianch  Raii/.vay. 

In  18C4,  on  petition,  the  St.  Stephen  Branch  Rail- 
way Company,  received  from  the  Provinc-ial  Parliament 
of  New  Brunswick,  a  bonus  of  $10,000  a  mile  to  assist  in 
building  a  railway  from  St.  Stei)hen  to  some  point  on 
the  St.  Andrews  and  Canada  Railway.  The  route  t(» 
Watt's  Junction  was  selected  and  the  construction  com- 
menced. Jan.  2,  1867  througii  freight  and  passenger 
train's  began  running.  The  next  year  the  road  was 
leased  to  the  St.  A.  &  C.  R.  Co.  The  following  year, 
18Gi),  the  two  roads  were  consolidated.  In  1872,  by 
act  of  Parliament,  both  roads  were  put  in  the  hands  of 
a  new  Company,  and  received  the  name  of  the  New 
Brunswiv'k  and  Cana<la  Railway.  Its  termini  are  St. 
Andrews,  St.  Stepheii,  Woodstock  and  Iloulton,  As 
it  runs  mainly  through  uninhabited  lands,  it  is  not  a 
road  of  large  dividemls.  When  however,  as  is  contem- 
plate<l,  its  cars  shall  run  into  Calais,  and  penetrate  into 
the  heart  of  Aroostook  county,  and  connect  witli  the 
Riviere  l)e  Loup  Railway  at  Woodsto(;k,  it  will  without 
doubt  become  good  paying  property. 


178 


ROMAN    CATHOLIC. 


XXVII. 

ROMAN  (CATHOLIC. 

CHURCH  Ol-   THE  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION, ST.   STEPHEN. 

It  is  the  mauifost  <\nt\  of  every  legityjiate  successor 
ol  St.  r^ter,  f'jiitiiriilly  to  teed  all  the  sheep  and  lambs 
of  the  fold  ;  and  the  Catholic  cleri2:v  are  seldom  derelict 
to  this  duty.  I'revious  to  1>S30,  the  fe\^  Catholics  of 
SI.  Slei)lu'n  and  vicinity  sought  their  spiritual  instruc- 
tion and  consolation  in  St.  Andrews  ;  but  about  that 
date,  Rev.  John  Cummings,  a  [)riest  residing  in  the  last 
named  town,  began  to  make  occasional  missionary  trips 
up  river.  As  the  religious  interest  and  the  number  of 
connnunicants  gradually  increased,  he  made  more  fre- 
quent visits  until  1838,  when  he  moved  to  St.  Stephen 
and  devoted  all  his  time  to  the  people  of  his  faith  in 
this  region.  A  small  church  was  built  on  the  site  where 
the  newer  and  larger  one  now  stands  ;  and  here  he  offici- 
ated  for  eleven  years. 

In  1849,  he  retired,  and  Rev.  M.  A.  Wallace  be- 
came pastor.  His  successors  were,  in  1853.  Rev.  Thom- 
as Connollay  ;  in  1854,  Rev.  James  Qiiinn  ;  in  1862,  Rey. 
A.  J.  Dnnphy  ;  and  in  18G7,  Rev.  James  Quinn  again, 
who  still  remains,  a  zealous,  faithful  and  beloved  father. 

Tlie  present,  large,  handsome  and  pleasantly  loca- 
ted church  edilice  was  erected  in  1865.  A  few  years  pre- 
vious, u  small  chapel  had  been  built  in  the  lower  village  ; 


ROMAN    CATHOLIC. 


179 


and  in  each  placo  a  .service  is  held  and  mass  said,  every 

Sunday. 

In  common  with  many  of  his  l)rethren.  Father 
C^ninn  is  opposed  to  mixed  scliools,  unless  the  elements 
are  mainly  Catholic.  Hence,  in  connection  with  his 
ciuu'ches  he  has  established  two  excellent  schools  (or 
the  benefit  of  Catholic  children  ami  any  others  that 
wish  to  attend.  Connected  also  with  his  [)urish,  is  a 
large  and  llonrishin<i  "Total  Abstinence  Temperance 
Society"  that  holds  frequent  meetings  and  does  mucli 
good. 

The  parish  comprises  a  large  area  of  territory,  and 
is  supposed  to  contain  at  least  500  adults  and  1 000 chil- 
dren ;  and  like  all  Catholic  institutions  in  this  country, 
it  is  steadilv  growing. 

The  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception  in  Cal- 
ais, though  bearing  the  same  name,  is  y(Minger  and 
smaller  than  her  sister  in  St.  Ste[)hen.  It  was  started 
al)out  l^<50,  by  the  Jesuits,  prominent  among  whom  ^/as 
the  gentlemanly,  faithful  and  talented  Rev.. John  Bapts, 
S.  J.  Soon  after  the  town  l^^came  a  city  in  IH.")!,  the 
Church  purchased  the  old  Townhouse,  and  fitted  it  up 
as  a  i)lace  of  worship  ;  and  here  the  Sunday  services 
have  ever  since  been  held.  The  [nistors  have  been  Rev. 
Messrs.  INIurphy,  Durnin  and  Conlon,  who  is  the  pres- 
ent incumbent.  In  1<S73,  the  Church  bought  an  excel- 
lent lot  of  land  on  tlie  corner  of  AVashington  St.,  and 
Church  Avenue,  where  a  meeting-house  ade(iuate  to  the 
needs  of  the  parish,  is  soon  to  be  erected. 

The  Catholics  in  Calais  have  the  honor  of  sustain- 
ing the  only  Tem[)erance  Society  in  the  city.      It  is  call 
ed    the    ''Cahiis   Catliolic  l.jstitute."     It  m^^ets    every 
week  and  is  doing  a  large  amount  of  good. 


\H() 


I'UKSHYTKUIAN    (^IlUUril. SI.     STKFUKN. 


XXVIII. 

PJifJSByTElilAN  CHURCIL—ST.  tiTKrilKN. 

The  brave  old  Scotcli  Kirk  \vitli  iiidoinitaMe  John 
Knox  as  its  briiiht,  particnhir  star,  couipclsthe  achnira- 
tioii  of  every  reader  of  its  liistorv.  In  tenacity,  patient 
perseverance,  heroism  and  piety,  no  other  Ecek^siastieal 
body  has  been  its  superior.  And  into  whatever  i)art  of 
the  earth  its  members  have  mi<i:rated,  they  have  inva- 
riably carried  wiih  tliem  their  relijjious  })rineiples  and 
stamina.  As  many  of  them  eame  to  New  Brunswick 
at  an  early  date,  no  history  of  the  Colony  can  be  written 
without  frequent  allusions  to  them.  Presbyterianism  is 
the  state  religion  of  Scotland  as  Episcopalianism  is  the 
state  religion  of  England.  Presbyterians  therefore  are 
not  in  a  legal  sense,  Dis- ^tiiiters  ;  and  hence  when  they 
came  to  America  the}'  had  rights  and  privileges  as  a 
('hurch,  which  the  Home  (iovernment  was  bound  to 
respect  and  defend. 

A  considerable  number  of  the  earlv  settlers  of  St. 
Stephen  were  members  of  this  Church,  and  retained  in 
their  new  home  the  warm  attachment  for  their  religion 
which  they  had  formed  in  their  Fnther-land.  Early  in 
the  I9th  century  Rev. Duncan  M'Coi':  occasionally  preach- 
ed to  those  residing  on  Scotch  Ridge,  in  their  own  Gae- 
lic language  ;  but  they  earnestly  desired  and  eventuall}' 
obtained  a  minister  of  their  own  denomination.      Their 


PUESIJYTKinAN'    rilUUCIT, ST.     STKriIKN. 


181 


to 


1st. 

in 

lion 

in 


lae- 


iQ\Y 


Kirk  is  in  tho  parish  of  St.  Jamos,  aiul  an  account  ol'  it 
<lof  s  not  tliorof(jrc  properly  lu'loti*::  to  those  Aimals. 

The  Prcshytcrians  of  St.  Stcplu-n  wore  loss  fortu- 
nate. They  Iiad  oceiisional  preaching:,  and  several  at- 
temi)ts  wer<'  made  to  erect  a  nieetin<jj-house,  hut  with- 
out success.  At  lenp;lh,  some  time  previous  to  1H4(), 
l»y  tlie  efforts  of  a  few  leadinjjj  men,  the  frame  of  a 
(ihurch  was  put  up  on  the  iuiposin<r  site  now  occui)ied 
by  the  handsome  residence  of  C.  B.  Eaton,  Ks(j.  ;  but 
the  funds  necessary  to  complete  the  struct uie  could  not 
be  obtained  ;  and  after  years  of  exposure  to  the  i)itiless 
si:orms  of  Sunnner  and  Winter,  the  incipient  edifice 
went  to  ruin. 

In  the  Autunm  of  1810,  Kev.  Andrew  Stevens 
from  Scotland, — a  brother  of  the  i)resent  Judge  Stev- 
ens,— in  the  capacity  of  a  missionar}'  from  the  estab- 
lished Church  of  his  native  land,  l)egan  to  preach  a  por- 
tion of  his  time  in  St.  Stephen.  The  first  service  was 
held  in  the  old,  Methodist  building,  and  a  large  con- 
gregation gave  him  a  hearty  and  joyful  welcome.  In 
1843,  Rev.  INIr.  Stevens  received  and  accepted  the  for- 
mal invitation  to  become  the  pastor  of  the  Presbyte- 
rians in  St.  Stephen  and  St.  James;  dividing  his  time 
between  the  two  places. 

About  this  time,  it  being  evident  to  all  that  the 
building  used  as  a  place  of  worship  was  inconvenient, 
unpleasant  and  not  suitable  for  the  purpose,  the  feeling 
was  renewed  and  fresh  enthusiasm  aroused  to  build  a 
meeting-house.  Accordingly,  for  that  purpose,  the 
Presbyterians  and  others  friendly  to  the  undertaking, 
united  in  a  Society  of  which  Mrs.  Stevens,  mother  of 
Rev.  A.  Stevens,  was  the  President  and  leading  spirit. 
The  plan  succeeded.     A  successful  ladies'  Bazaar  was 


T"^ 


1H2 


I'HKSUVTKUIAN    CIIURCII, — ST.     STKIMIKN. 


hold, — !i  ncnolty  in  Ihosi'  days, — subscriptions  were 
raised  and  the  dnirch  erected,  liev.  Dr.  Irvine  (or- 
nierlyofSt.  John,  M.  IJ.,  did  nnich  to  slinnihite  the  ex- 
ertions of  tlie  people. 

In  January,  l'"^'")'-^,  at  a  full  meet inj^' of  the  congre- 
gation convened  Tor  that  purpos<'  in  tlic  new  church, 
J.  (J.  Stevens,  Es(i..  was  made  the  recipient  of  a  valu- 
able gohl  watcii,  presente(l  to  him  l)y  the  Society  as  a 
token  of  its  api)reciation  and  esteem  for  his  wise  coun- 
sels and  generous  contributions  in  building  the  meeting- 
house. 

Among  the  influential  men  in  tiie  enterprise,  were 
Aaron  Upton,  Alexanck-r  Campbell,  now  a  i)iomlnent 
lawyer  in  San  Francisco,  Sanuiel  McClowan,  Mr.  iMur- 
dock,  John  Cam])bell,  Kobert  Clark  and  his  brothers, 
John  and  Francis  Courtney,  Thomas  Laughlin.  ('aj)t. 
Ilutton,  Samuel  and  William  (Jilmor,  William  Owen 
and  brothers.  Dr.  Dugald  Blair,  and  thv  present  Judge 
Stevens  who  from  then  till  now  has  been  the  main  i)illar 
and  stay  of  the  Church  and  a  prominent  member  of  the 
denomination  in  the  Province. 

In  l<sr)4,  Rev.  William  Elder,  no\A  editor  of  the  St. 
John  Daily  Telc(jra]ih,  became  pastor,  and  i)erformed 
the  duties  of  that  olllce  acceptably  for  nine  years.  Dur- 
ing his  pastorate  and  mainly  through  his  exertions,  the 
present  church  edifice  was  erected.  After  its  coni[)le- 
tioii,  the  old  church  was  s<;ld,  and  has  since  been 
burned.  Also  during  Mr.  Elder's  ministry,  John  Court- 
ney, Duncan  Stuart,  Rol)ert  Clark  and  J.  (i.  Stevens 
were  elected  and  ordained  as  Elders,  of  the  St.  Stephen 
Church. 

In  1X(;;>  or  -1,  Rev.  Robert  iMoo(lie  became  pastor, 
but  K  tained  the  situation  only  a  short  time.     In    ISO'), 


H.'v   I',.,,.,-  M.  M„n-iso„  hoonn,,.  ,,,,sto,..     ACI..,.  |,is  ,vs 
In  ,l,«-(n,„..  IVsLvtcrians  ,„1„,„    „„.  w..s(,„i„stc.r 

-';'^';'-v"'-™.-e •H.i,™:::^,,,  ;,  ;;:';:;:r 

I>.  .-gates  lVo,„  ,sov..,.al  I'.o.l.v.ories  c.„ns,i,„„.  a  ,Sv    J V 
an,.  ,,.  ..,.„o«  ,Von,  seve,-al  .Sj-nods    ,o„„    ,„e     ^,       j 


lower  to  the  liiohcr  of  those  C 
justerl,  and  by  tlieir  eoncu,Te,it"a^ion 


ourts,  (lilllciilt 


It's   are    ad- 


tlie  Chiireh 


ed  to  1)0  in  aeeord 


IS  carried  on.     Tlie 


tlie  great  work  of 
arrangement  is  supjws- 


Ow 


'Hiee  with  Apostoliealusao-e 


H!nga  handsome  elnn-eh 


wealth  and  worth,    tlie    Presl 


and   l)(Mng   people    of 


have  before  tl^em  a  bright  ancfh 


nterians   of  St.    8te])h( 


n 


'ippy  future. 


^^ 


184 


MILLS. 


xxrx. 


MILLS. 

Tlio  rich  forests  lured  the  palo  faced  people  to  the 
St.  Croix  valley.  The  noble  trees  have  fiirnisluMl  the 
means  of  siihsistence  to  nearly  all  the  citizens  of  Calais 
and  St.  Stephen.  Bnt  to  render  tlieir  huj^c  trunks  mar- 
ketable, it  was  necessary  to  manufacture  tlunn  into  tim- 
ber, deal,  Joist,  boards  and  laths;  and  hence,  saw-mills 
were  indispensable.  These  facts  were  perceived  and 
acted  u[)on  at  an  early  day. 

Ai)ont  1780,  Daniel  Hill,  Jeremiah  Frost,  and  Ja- 
cob Libbey  built  a  small,  rude  mill,  on  Porter's  Stream, 
near  its  mouth.  This  was  the  lirst  saw-mill.  It  was 
supplied  with  logs  from  trees  growing  near  the  stream, 
cut  and  rolled  in,  without  the  aid  of  a  team.  Here  the 
first  boards  were  sawed,  and  here  the  graat  business  of 
the  place  l)egan. 

About  178.5,  Wm.  Moore  built  a  saw-mill  and 
grist-mill,  in  the  parish  of  St.  David,  at  the  j)lace  ever 
since  called  '"Moore's  Mills."  These  mills,  often  re- 
built or  reprired,  are  still  running,  and  jjartly  owned.])y 
his  thrifty  descendants.  There  is  also  at  the  i)resent 
time,  machinery  for  carding  wool  and  making  shingles 
and  turning,  on  the  same  dam. 

In  178J)  or  1)0,  Henry  Goldsmith  erected  a  grist- 
mill and  saw-mill  on  the  Waaweig  river  ;  and  thither 
the  farmers  of  St.  Stephen  and  St.  George  carried  their 
grain  to  be  ground. 

Not  long  after,  Danid  Hill's  mill  having  been  swept 
away  by  a  great  freshet,  another  mill  was  erected  by 
Peter  Christie,  Joseph  Porter  and  others,  on   the   same 


MII-LS. 


18') 


Rtn'Jitu  Mini  lu'jir  tlic  silo  ol'llu'  tirst  ojm'.      This  wns  nm 
pi'nlit.'ilily  loi'  niiiiis   N«'.'irs. 

The  Hist  mill  on  tlir  in:iin  r'w'V,  wns  l)iiilt  nt  Mill- 
town,  Jihoiit  the  iK'uiiniiim"  of  the  pii'soiit  ('ciiliiiv,  l\v 
AInHT  ilill,  IV'tcr  Christii'  and  others.  On  its  compk'- 
tion,  it  wMs  found  to  iro  so  swiftly  and  sti'on<rlv  tlnil  it 
WMs  christened  the  "nrisk  Mill."  It  stood  on  the 
Ainerie.'in  side  of  the  river  ;!ind  a  mil'  hearinu'  the  same 


name 


^till 


saws  hrisKlN   o 


n  the 


old 


<ite 


'he  Wasliinu:- 


ton  mills  were  hnilt  soon  after,  on  the  sa'iie  dam.  In 
1)^0').  a  mill  was  erected  at  Harinuj,  l»y  Daniel  Hhodes 
and  Maltiah  Lane,  for  W(n.  \'ance,  Ks(|.  ;  and  soon  af- 
tei\  other  mills  werelmilt  at  snch  places  on  tlu'  ri\er  as 
Si'emed  most  comenient  for  tlu'  Inmlternien. 

These  mills  run  well,  and  it  was  easy  to  procure 
lo<i^s  for  them  :  hut  it  was  veiy  didicult  to  lict  the  manu- 
factui'ed  lumlier  to  tide  water.  Halls  couM  not  l»e  lun 
down  Sjilmon  Falls  without  breakinu,  and  the  roads  in 
Summer  weiv  almost  impassihie  for  a  loaded  team.  In 
this  emer<i('ncy.  a  sluice  from  the  mills  to  tlii'  head  of 
the  ti<le,  was  suu'^cstc(l,  and  aliout  l.so."),  after  much 
talk  and  correspondence.  Maruaret  and  Susanna  Camp- 
bell of  Scotland  furnishe(l  the  money,  and  the  sluice 
was  built  for  them,  on  the  St.  Stephen  side  of  the  river. 
It  j)roved  so  useful  and  profitable  th.'it  it  has  been  kej)t 
in  operati<jn  ever  since.  It  remained  the  projierty  of 
the  Campbells  until  five  or  six  years  a<iT).  when  it  was 
sold  at  auction  in  St.  Andi'cws,  and  bouuht  for  a  few 
hundred  dollars,  by  C.  F.  Todd  and  the  Katon  Hros.. 
by  whom  it  is  still  owned. 

Al)()iit  the  same  time,  i.  e.  IJ^O;"),  a  board  sluice 
was  also  built  on  the  American  side  of  the  river.  Ironi 
jMilllown  to  Middle  Landinji".  It  worked  well  and  was 
much  used  until  the  rniou  mills  were  built,  when,  lack- 
in»i:  a  convenient  place  to  discharge  its  freig^lit,  it  ceased 
to  be  used. 

In  1H24,  Capt.  Seth  F^merson  and  Amaziah    Nash 

built  a  saw-mill  ami  urist-mill,  for  (ireen  and  Shaw,  at 

Ferry  Point  rapids,  near  the  site  of  Samuel    Hideout's 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  ma:n  street 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 
(716)  872-4503 


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186 


MILL8. 


grist-mill.     These  mills  for  a  loniLi::  time    were    vnlujiMc 
l)r()i)('rty. 

In  lfS2()  niid  7,  Caj)!.  KiiuTsoii  Itiiilt  for  .loscj)!! 
Wliitucy.  A.  1*011(1,  Jones.  Tike  and  Whipple,  at  iNIid- 
(Ue  Landiiiii',  new  I'nion  \'illa<i:e,  the  Lafayette  mills. 
Thc'V  went  into  operation  in  the  Sprin<»of  1.S27.  A  few 
years  after,  these  mills  were  pui'chased  and  for  a  time 
sneeessfnily  run  Ity  Messi-s.  Henry  and  Frank  Hiehai'ds  ; 
l)nt  tile  fate  of  tliesc  lirothers  was  sin<;ularly  tra<>ie. 
Henry  went  to  India  ;  and  while  atli'mptin^"  to  reach 
Knrope  hy  tlie  over-land  route,  he  was  sun-struek  and 
partially  demented,  llis  friends  carried  him  to  F>n<>;- 
land,  and  there  he  soon  after  died.  Frank  married  a 
dau^l'ter  of  Kolu'i't  (lardiner.  Fs(j..  of  (iardinei',  Mo. 
Several  years  alter,  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Richards,  while 
bathing  or  at  j)lay,  was  accidentally  di'owned  in  the 
Kennebec  river  near  her  graiKlfather's.  The  father  great- 
ly depressed  by  this  sad  bereavement,  and  perhaps  not 
caring  to  live  any  longer,  subsecpiently  lost  his  life  by 
drowning,  not  far  from  the  spot  whei'i'  his  daughter 
{)erished.  Thus  these  unfoi'tunate  brothers  passed  away. 

Since  then,  many  mills  have  been  built  and  rebuilt, 
and  great  imi)rovements  have  been  made  in  their  ma- 
chinery. There  are  now  in  Baring,  eight  gangs,  two 
nniles  or  muleys.  (single  saws  that  move  very  lapidly.) 
four  shingle,  and  six  lath,  machines  ;  in  Milltown.  seven- 
teen gangs,  two  nuileys,  and  sevi'iiteen  lath  machines  : 
at  the  Union,  nini'  gangs,  one  muley,  nine  lath,  and 
two  shingle,  machines; — all  in  active  and  profitable 
motion  except  during  the  Winter. 


SK("OM>  UAl'TIST  (iHlUlI.  —  (  ALAIS. 


1.S7 


XXX. 


2nd   fiArriST  CHURCH— CALAIS. 

In  1H4().  tlir  |)(>i)iil:iti(»ii  of  ("mImIs  was  2I)."M .  and 
the  nuinhcr  stcadilx  incrcMsiiiLi-.  Tlicrc  wcn'only  Iwo 
nctive  ohnrclu's  in  tlu-  villaiic  :  and  tlicro  aijpcnrcd  tolx' 
room  Tor  a  lliii'd,  .Several  of  the  families  I'esidinji'  in 
this  locality  l»nt  afliliatinii'  with  tlie  Uaptist  Chnreh  in 
Milltown.  f«'!t  the  need  of  a  place  of  worship  nearer 
home.  IJesides,  the  Milltown  Society  seenic(l  al>nn- 
dantlv  lar<i;e  enonuh  to  swarm  aji^ain  withont  imijairiny, 
Its  stability  or  nsefnlness. 

Aecordinuly  after  many  a  loni»'  and  prayc'rfnl  con- 
snltation.  and  not  without  some  fears  and  donhts.  fifty 
memlters  of  the  parent  Chnreh  weiv  set  olf.  Dec.  '1\). 
1<S41,  ajid  (>'ganize(l  into  a  Society,  called  at  iii'st  the 
"'Calais  Villaj.('  Iiai)tist  Chnreh  ;"  lint  in  1K.')1 ,  the  name 
was  changed  to  the  •'2nd  IJaptist  Chnreh."  The  or- 
j>;anization  took  place  in  (ioodnow's  Hall,  a  hnildini; 
then  standinu"  not  far  from  the  site  now  ocianiied  l>y 
Kalish's  clothin<i:  store.  Rev.  John  A.  Hagar  of  East- 
port  presidi'd  at  the  Conncil.  and  delivered  the  sermon 
for  the  occasion.  Harrison  Tweed.  Kscp,  nowof  Tann- 
ton,  Mass.,  was  chosen  clerk  ;  Hon.  Noah  Smith  and 
Elijah  Stearns.  Deacons;  Noah  Smith,  Elijah  Stearns, 
E.  D.  (4reen  and  Harrison  Tweed,  Standing"  Connnittee  ; 
and  Rev.  E.  D.  \'ery.  Pastor. 

The  Chnreh  tluis  delil»erati'l\  inangni-ated.  was 
composed  laruelv  of  intelligent,  active  and  inilnential 
peo[>le,  who  had  migrated  to  Calais  fro'^i  Massachnsctts 
and  the  western  part  of  Maine.      At    once    they    Itegan 


188 


FIKST    UAPTrST    CIIUHCII, CALAIS. 


earnest    work. 


Re<riilar 


nieetin<?s    on 


Sundnv,  and 


Wednesday  evcninj^s,  were  estal)lislied  ;  and  they  liave 
continned  to  the  present  day  without  interruption.  Of 
tlieoriiiinal  nienilK>rs,  only  Harrison  Tweed.  Mi's.  (iuest, 
Mrs.  Sarah  Washhurn,  Airs.  F.  A.  I*ii\e.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Thonuis  Johnson  an<l  a  lew  <»tliers  are  now  living';  l)nt 
the  <»:ood  work  which  tliev  inau<!;urated  is  still  sjroin<»;on 
as  eai'nestly  and  successfully  as  ever. 

(4oodnow's  llall.  iu  which  the  S(K*iety  worshii)[)ed, 
was  soon  I'oinid  to  l)e  small,  inconnnodious  and  unpleas- 
ant ;  and  in  Maich.  1812,  a  Coininittee  was  chosen  ''to 
make  an  elfoi't  to  huild"  a  meetinii-hou»ie.  The  lot  of 
land  on  Main  St.,  where  the  Methodist  church  now 
stands,  was  })urchased  forS*2(>0.  The  corner  stone  w;[is 
laid  in  May,  I8l;5,  and  the  house  deilieated  ^vitll  ap- 
propriate services,  Oct.  '2\.  1844.  It  was  the  same 
edilice  that  is  now  occupied  by  the  JMetluxlist  Soiiety  as 
a  place  of  worshij) ;  and  its  cost  was  ahout  SaOOO. 

liev.  K.  D.  Very,  the  lirst  pastor  was  a  scholarly, 
ener<i;elic  man  and  an  able  preacher.  15ut  the  growth 
of  the  Church  did  not  meet  his  expectation,  there  was 
didiculty  in  raising  the  money  to  pay  his  salary,  he  felt 
(lualilied  for  a  larger  and  more  diverse  tield  of  labor,  and 
hence  in  June,  1843,  he  resigned  his  pastoral  charge 
and  soon  after  left  town.  Subsequently'  he  became  the 
editor  of  a  religious  paper  in  St.  John,  N.  B.,  and  a 
professor  in  Acadia  College.  He  eventually  perished 
by  the  swamping  of  a  boat  on  the  coast  of  Nova  Scotia. 

Thus  far  the  growth  of  the  Church  had  been  slow. 
But  in  March,  184o,  Rev.  H.  V,  Dexter,  now  of  Bald- 
winville,  Mass.,  a  native  of  Wyane,  Me.,  a  graduate  of 
Waterville  College  and  Newton  Theological  School, 
visited  Calais  and  preached  for  a  tinse  in  the  new  meet- 
ing-house. Innnediately  o  deep  religious  interest  be- 
gan to  be  manifested  ;  and  it  continued  through  the 
entire  Spiing.  The  Spirit  was  poured  out  without 
measure,  and  many  were  added  to  the  Church,  Thus 
strengthened  and  encouraged,  in  May.  Mr.  Dexter  was 
unanimously  invited  to  become  the  pastor  of  the  Society. 
He  accepted  ;  and  the  following  September  he    was   in- 


FIRST    liAPTI.ST    CIIl'HL'H, CALAIS. 


180 


stiillod.      lieiiiu,  !i  Ic.'inu'tl.  tulcnlcd  uinl  devoU'd    minis- 
ter, prosperity  altt'iidcd  his  entire  pMslorMtc. 

Tlic  sauic  niontli,  Sept.  LSI').  .lames  W,  Smith.  ;i 
son  ()l"Il(tii  Noah  Smith,  was  licensed  to  prcacli.  lie 
is  now  one  of  the  most  eminent  Baptist  Divines  in  I'lii.- 
tidolphia,  and  a  I).l).  Thns  tl»e  lire  kindh'd  hert',  hnrns 
and  shines  there,  and  in  many  other  [)hices,  with  lieal- 
in|j;  in  its  beams. 

The  affairs  of  the  Chnrch  from  this  time  havetlowerl 
on  with  <>;eneral  peace  and  prosperity.  15h'sse<l  with  an 
excellent  pastor,  tlie  niectinj»s  were  pleasant  and  profit- 
iible,  and  l)Ut  tew  incidents  of  un^'thiniz;  that  needs  to 
be  ree(M'deil,  occnrred. 

In  May,  l^^47,  tlie  Church  ordained  Rev.  John 
Johnson  who  recently  died  in  China,  Asia.  Mr.  .lolin- 
son  married  a  wealthy  (ierman  lady,  and  touether  they 
became  missionaries  among- the  lieathen.  Mrs.  Johnson 
for  many  yeais  has  tanght  a  school  consisting  entirely 
of  Chinese  girls,  and  in  that  wayhas<lonea  vastaraonnt 
of  good.  Some  of  the  wo-nen  thus  edncatiMJ  ure  now 
teaching  others,  and  thus  the  good  intlnence  will  long 
'jontinue  to  radiate.  Mr.  Johnson  was  also  an  able  and 
etllcient  woplvcr  among  the  benighted. 

In  the  Spring  of  18-VJ,  there  was  anotlier  refreshing 
season  of  religious  inter-jst,  and  (piite  a  large  accession 
of  members  to  the  Chuioh.  The  same  year,  E.  D. 
Green  was  chosen  Deacon  ;  and  J.  C.  Washburn,  Kscj. 
having  died,  Geo.  W.  Dyer  was  elected  Clerk.  Again 
tlie  wheels  turned  smoothly. 

In  1854,  after  a  pleasant  and  profitable  pastorate  of 
nine  years,  Dr.  Dexter,  hoping {uobably  to  do  more 
good  in  some  other  locality,  resigned  his  parochial  of- 
fice, and  went  away.  Every  person  in  the  Society  de- 
sired him  to  remain  ;  but  he  woukl  go,  and  the  peo})le 
were  compelled  to  submit  to  his  departure.  When  he 
left,  the  many  kind  worils  spoken  and  the  many  tears 
shed  by  his  people,  evinced  the  sincyrity  and  depth  of 
their  esteem. 

In  May,  18,)4,  the  Society  invited  Rev.  E.  C. 
Mitchell  to  be-  ome  its  postor.     He  was  a  grandson  of 


1«I0 


SKCOM)   HAP'UST  riUHCH. — (  AI.Als. 


fIii(l<jjo  Wliiliuiin  and  a  ncplu'w  of  Rev.  Jason  Whiliiian, 
of  Portland,  lie  acci'pted  tin;  invitation,  and  was  or- 
<laln('(l  and  insliilli'd  in  .Iinic; — Hcv.  Dr.  Stockhridiio 
r)(' lioston  pi'cacliinu'  the  sninon  tor  the  occasion.  Mr. 
Mitclicll  \v:is  a  well  (idncatcd  and  pleasant  nnin.  and  an 
easy  oxtcinporanoons  speaker;  :nid  the  |)Mrisli  vva-<  well 
satisded  with  liis  labors.  In  Nov.  the  late  (i.  D.  Kin<j^ 
was  chosen  a  De.'icon.  to  snpi)ly  diirinu"  tlu'  tre(pient  ab- 
sences of  l)ea.  X.  Smith.  The  next  Sprinu.  l.s;");').  there 
w:is  atiother  reliijions  revival,  and  nioie  additions  to  the 
("hnrch.  .Mar.  o,  l.sr)lj,  Mr.  Mitchell's  health  having 
tailed.  ;ind  there  being  some  pecuniary  enibarassnients, 
he  resigned  and  went  away.  He  is  now  a  professor  in 
a  'I'heologic.al  Seminary  in  Chicago. 

I'v.irjy  in  l.s.'iC),  the  meeting-honse  on  Main  St.  l)eing 
too  sm:ill  lor  the  Society  and  not  suited  to  its  taste  and 
needs.  w:is  sold  to  the  Methodi-.ts,  who  took  possession 
on  the  first  day  of  April,  and  preparations  f'oi'  erecting 
a  new  house,  on  Chureh  St.,  were  at  once  begun. 

The  next  pastor,  Uev.  A.  F.  Spanlding  of  East 
Caniltiidge,  a  graduate  of  lirown  I'niversity, — a  pleaK- 
ant,  stirring  man  and  mu  agi'eeal)le  si)eaker. — assumed 
tlie  lormnl  charge  of  the  Society  in  Dec.  IH,")!!.  The 
next  Sprinu  there  vvjis  jinother  revival  of  religious  in- 
terest and  more  additions  to  the  Church.  These  annual 
revivals  kept  the  ])arisu  wide  awake,  and  ins[)ired  it 
with  large  hope  and  healthy  ambition. 

Meanwhile  the  late  Dea.  (J.  D.  King  having  assum- 
ed the  main  lin:incial  res[)onsil)ility  in  bnildiu'  the  new 
meeting-house,  the  work  was  pushed  on  so  vigorously 
that  the  structure  was  completed  and  dedicated  in  May, 
IH")?.  The  building  cost  about  Slo.OOO,  and  a  consider- 
able debt  was  incurred  in  its  construction;  but  so  well 
pleased  wei'e  the  brethren  with  theii"  new,  religious 
Home.  th:it  all  of  them  contributed  generously,  and  the 
entire  debt  was  soon  licjuidate*]. 

In  Oct,  1H{)(),  Mr.  Spanlding  resigned,  and  the 
same  month.  Di'.  Dexter  again  became  the  i)astor.  This 
change  of  ministers  was  etfected  with  the  best  of  feeling, 
and   to  the    entire    satisfacti<tn    of  the    Society.     INIr. 


SKCONU   IJAI'TLST  ("III  K(  II. «  AI-AI.S. 


litl 


SpMiiIdiiii!:  now  icsidcs  in  Xoiwitli.  C'l.  In  l.s«;i.  Win. 
Woods  was  chosen  Clerk.  lie  still  rotnins  tlwit  ollice, 
nnd  to  him  the  writer  is  indehted  for  nwmv  of  the  fuets 
eontiiined  in  this  sketch. 

With  its  tal  ntiMl  pastor  and  oxceliont  inoetiiiij- 
liouse,  the  Society  continucfl  t(/ prosper.  IJnt  in  1>^(!1>. 
Kev.  Dr.  De.vtei'  aijain  resiiiiied,  and  soon  alter.  Rev. 
K.  B.  Kddy,  a  native  of  l*n>vidence,  R.  I.,  a  scholarly 
an(l  zcalons  worker,  was  selected  as  his  snccessoi-.  Dnr- 
inu  his  pastorate  thus  far,  sixty  ei^ht  nieinlters  have 
been  added  to  the  Chnich.  The  whole  nnniher  ot'nieni- 
bers  at  the  close  of  1.S74,  was  one  hnndred  and    ninety. 

The  Deacons  of  the  Cluirch  have  l)i'en, —  Hon.  Xoah 
.Smith,  K.  I),  (ireen,  Klijah  Stearns,  ^i.  1).  Kir.i;,  (>.  IV 
Rideont<  Samuel  Kelley,"  Wm.  Woods,  ('.  R.  l^ike.  Tiie 
first  four  have  passed  on  to  the  hi<iher  life. 

In  closinji;  this  chapter,  it  is  but  jmstice  lo  a«ld  that 
the  success  of  this  Church  is  the  result,  un<U'r  Divine 
Providence,  of  the  sterling  integrity  of  its  founders,  the 
faithful  ministry  of  its  alile  [)astors,  and  the  constant 
zeal  of  its  members.  Besides  defraying  the  ordinary 
expenses  of  the  Sabbath  service,  it  has  generally  con- 
tributed to  the  support  of  feeble  churches  in  the  vicin- 
ity, of  the  Bilde  and  Tract  Societies,  of  Academies  and 
Colleges,  and  of  the  Home  and  Foreign  Missionary  So- 
cieties. It  has  given  S5()0  to  the  Bai)tist  Society  in 
Iloulton,  $1800  to  Colhy  College,  and  [)ledged  tis  much 
more  to  c>tlier  denominational  schools.  Dea.  Sumuel 
Kelley  gives  SlOOO  for  this  purpose  ;  and  he  has  also 
liberally  contributed  toward  the  endowment  of  a  school 
in  Burmah  to  educate  young  men  for  the  ministry. 


1!>2 


SMlCdLFNC. 


XXXI. 


Calnis  Jind  St.  Stcplicn  l)oinu;  border  towns  with 
only  !i  iwurow  river  hotwcon  tlioin,  their  citiznis  h.'ivo 
ol't(Mi  Ix'i'ii  .'U'cnscd  of  ovjidinjj  tho  revenue  laws;  and 
cei'tainly  tiiere  have  Ix'on  some  temptations  in  tliis  di- 
rection. Various  articles  of  merchandise  in  common 
use, — coffee,  tea,  su<!;!ir,  tobacco,  heel",  butter,  friction 
juatches,  jiloves,.  sili\s,  Jeweh'v.  ardent  spirits,  etc.. — 
have  often  been  fVoin  ten  to  thirty  per  cent,  hii^her  on 
one  side  of  the  river  than  on  tlie  otlier.  Four  l)ridges 
span  the  river,  and  there  are  other  easy  ways  of  cross- 
inu'.  All  the  |)eoph?  in  the  vicinity  are  neiiiiibors  ami 
tViends  to  each  other,  and  not  a  few  aro  relatives  and 
business  partners.  The  <X'ipc  ot*  poverty  and  the  desire 
for  wealth,  alike  prompt  men  to  Imy  and  sell  to  the  best 
advantage.  The  iniienious  can  readily  find  some  way  to 
escape  detection,  and  some  <rood  citizens  are  unable  to 
perceive  any  sin  in  [juichasiiii;  <!;oods  on  one  side  of  the 
river  and  (piietly  cai'ryin<^  them  to  the  other  side.  In 
view  of  all  these  circumstances,  it  is  loijical  to  infer  that 
every  week,  some  of  Adam's  fallen  posterity  will  export 
and  import  merchandise  without  consultinp^  the  author- 
ities of  either  the  I'nited  States  or  (Jreat  Britain.  Tho 
contraband  tralllc  has  <;enerally  been  carried  on  in  good 
nature;  and  when,  as  has  freiiuently  ha|)pened,  the  un- 
wary are  detected,  they  submit  to  tl»e  awards  of  the  law, 
without  a  niurmur.  A  thousand  stories  are  told,  of  de- 
tection or  escape,  some  comic  and  some  serious  but 
only  a  few  are  worth  repeatiuii. 

About  the  year  1<S32,  a  large  (luantity  of  smuggled 
goods  were  seized  in  Milltown,  N.  B.,  and   the  revenii'^ 


SMIMir.LINU. 


193 


orflcers  8ont  sevoral  toams  to  carry  tlioni  to  tho  ('ii«toni- 
hoiise.  The  jjooiIh  wore  (iiiiotly  loadotl  ;  but  siuMonly. 
as  the  teams  wore  about  to  start,  a  larj^o  force  of  white 
men  dis'iuiscd  as  Indians  and  fantastically  arni"d,  rush- 
ed in,  sei/.ed  the  teams  and  <Irovc  them  to  the  American 
side  of  the  river.  This  was  a  «5ravc  crime,  and  for  a  few 
.hours  there  was  intense  excitement  and  imminent  dan- 
gler of  hard  i)Iows.  Hut  wise  counsel  [»revailed,  a  com- 
promise was  effected,  and  the  affair  was  settled  without 
any  violence,  arrests  or  permanent  ill  feelintr. 

A  few  years  later  a  somewhat  similar  occurrence 
took  place  in  Calais.  The  tributaries  of  the  St.  Croix 
flo^v  from  both  Maine  and  New  Brunswick;  and  lumber 
is  cut  and  logs  <lriven  from  nearly  all  of  them.  The 
ni!Il  men  of  Milltown  had  no  means  of  knowing  on 
which  side  of  the  State  line  the  trees  grew,  which  they 
were  manufacturing  into  boards,  hence  tliey  very  natur- 
ally fell  inio  the  lawless  habit  of  sending  the  sawed 
lumber  down  to  that  side  of  the  river  from  which  it  would 
be  shipped  to  tho  best  advantage.  But  every  now  and 
then  a  valuable  raft  of  lumber  that  happened  to  reach 
the  wrong  bank  of  the  river,  woid<l  be  seized  and  con- 
fiscated by  the  American  oflicers.  At  length  these  an- 
noying events  became  so  alarmingly  fre(|uent  that  it 
v/as  evident  that  some  unknown  and  unofficial  person 
was  acting  as  u  spy  an<l  informer.  This  angered  the 
lutjil)ermen,  and  after  vainly  trying  in  a  peaceable  way 
to  ascertain  the  name  of  the  informer,  some  foity  of 
them,  painted  and  disguised  as  Indians,  and  armed  with 
old  muskets,  war  clubs  and  tomahawks,  seized  two  U.  S. 
revenue  officers,  placed  them  in  wagons  and  drove  into 
St.  Stephen.  As  they  went,  some  of  them  sharpened 
their  bayonets  on  the  rapidly  rolling  wheels,  and  threat- 
ened violence  ;  thoujih  probal))y  without  any  murderous 
intention.  Arriving  at  a  secluded  spot,  a  long  consul- 
tation was  held,  and  the  name  of  tl.'cspy,  without  being 
told,  was  indicated  with  sufficient  clearness.  The  pris- 
oners were  then  rtieased.  But  in  the  meanwhile  the 
Calais  militia  had  been  called  out,  and  a  great  tumult  ex- 
cited.    However,  no  one  was  arrested   or  injured  ;    the 


I!M 


SMI'<i<iMN«i. 


I 


1.5 


Hiispcctod  informer  left  town  th:it  nij^lit  to  he  absent 
HJany  yoiira,  jind  the  honest  hinihernien  were  trouhU'd 
no  nioi'e. 

On  one  oe(!;ision,  a  pions  snin'^ghir  on  tlie  English 
side  of  the  river,  by  a  very  ionij,  fjiniily  prayer  detaine<l 
the  revenne  officer  until  the  eoiitrMhund  nuM'cii.indise 
\V!i8  removed  and  secreted.     A  strange  nseofpraver. 

In  1«4.'{,  :in  Kn^lish,  Custom  house  spy  was  cloth- 
ed with  a  coat  of  tar  and  feathers,  ufenerously  <^iven 
iiim  l»y  a  party  of  Caucassiaii  Ind'ans.  I'he  spy  aban- 
doned his  business.  an<l  none  of  the  Indians  were  ealh'd 
to  account. 

But  in  general,  the  ofllcers  are  faithful  and  the 
citizens  loyal  ;  and  all  that  .John  Hull  or  Brother  Jona- 
than, reall}'  reciuirc-',  is  circumspectly  done. 


NKW    (•III:K(HKS. 


lur. 


XXXII. 

NKW  CHURCHES. 

Faith  deals  in  tlio  jihstract  1111(1  iiivisihlo,  and  not 
nntrcquontly,  spccuhition  supplants  tlu' keen  oyed  scr- 
ai)h,  and  lills  our  minds  with  vain  ima<i;inini^s.  As  re- 
sults, schism  after  schism  rends  the  one  true  C'hureii. 
and  a  thousand  sects  and  schools  sprinjji:  to  life; — each 
one  positive  that  it  has  '"the  truth,  the  whole  truth,  and 
nothin<2;  but  tlie  truth."  In  every  comnninity,  there  is 
a  variety  of  reli<»ious  opinions  ;  an<l  as  soon  as  those  in 
agreement  become  sulllcicntly  numerou  ,,  a  new  Ciiurch 
is  instituted.  In  Calais  and  St.  Stephen  this  has  fre- 
quently been  do!ie,  and  as  the  towns  continue  to  increase 
in  population,  the  number  and  variety  of  their  religious 
sects  will  probably  also  increase.  Within  a  few  years, 
three  new  places  of  worship  have  been  erected,  and 
three  new  couiirreiiatioi.s  tjatliered.  As  yet  they  are  too 
youiiij;  to  have  a  history,  but  a  statement  of  their  birth 
seems  pro[)er.     The  first,  largest  and  strongest,    is    the 

BAPTIST  CIIUUCH, — ST.   STEPHEN. 

When  Rev.  Duncan  M'CoU  came  to  St.  Stephen, 
in  17><5,  he  found  a  Baptist  minister  there.  Neither 
his  name  nor  the  length  of  time  he  remained  in  the 
place,  is  now  known  ;  Init  he  was  without  (|uestion,  the 
first  clergyman  that  preache(l  in  the  vicinity.  For  some 
reason,  he  failed  to  make  any  lasting  impression,  and 
men  of  otlicr  sects  took  and  occuj)i(*d  the  field.  Still, 
probably  there  have  been  some  I>aptists  in  St.  Stephen, 
ever  since  that  early  date. 

Tlie  number  gradually  increasing,  and  it  being 
somewhat  inconvenient  for  them  to  attend  the  churches 


1<J0 


NKW    CimiU'IIKS. 


14 


i 


oftlHMr  faith  ill  Militown  hihI  ('uiuis,  it  was  at  loti^tli 
(I(?(miumI  a«lvisal)Ic  to  erect  a  ineetin<»;-liou8e  for  their  jihc, 
on  their  .side  of  the  river.  'V\w  work  began  in  18(57. 
The  leading  man  in  the  enterprise  was  V.  B.  Katon, 
Ksq.,  without  whose  wise  counsels  and  j^enerous  assist- 
ance, the  structure  could  uot  luivebeeii  completed.  The 
house  was  finished  near  the  close ol'lH')!),  and  dedicated 
in  Jainiary,  1870.  Tiie  cost  was  aho.'.t  S''0(K),  and  the 
edilice  is  luindsonie,  pU>asant  and  satis'V.ctory. 

Soon  al'ler,  a  Clnu'ch  was  organ, /<mi.  At  first  it 
contained  only  seventeen  members; — half  of  whom  had 
j)revi()usly  belonged  to  the  Bai>tist  Church  in  Calais. 
The  present  number,  .lanuary,  187;'),  is  seventy-six. 
The  d(!acons  are  (ieo.  S.  iMcKenzic  and  (ieorge 
I)e Wolfe.  The  (irst  pastor,  llev.  I.  K.  Hopper,  settled 
in  August,  1801),  and  retired  in  May,  1872.  The  pres- 
ent pastor  began  in  the  following  August.  The  Society 
is  healthy  and  prosperous,  and  hopes  by  the  continued 
generosity  of  Mr.  Eaton,  to  be  soon  free  from  debt. 

frp:k  will  baptist  church, — Calais. 

The  religious  sect  that  bears  this  name  originated 
about  a  century  ago,  in  New  Hampshire,  under  the  min- 
istry of  Rev.  lienjamin  Kandal,  a  convert  of  the  cele- 
brated (Ieorge  Whitetield.  It  insists  on  baptism  by 
immersion,  lioUls  the  Anninian  phase  of  laith,  and  is 
Congregational  in  policy.  In  181 "),  Rev.  .John  Colby, 
a  zealous  advocate  of  Freewillism,  visited  Eastport  and 
succceeded  in  converting  quite  a  numl»cr  of  people  to 
his  faith  and  feeling.  A  church  was  instituted  ;  and 
from  that  day  to  this,  the  citizens  of  Calais  have  often 
heard  of  the  Free  Will  liaptists.  Still,  no  societ>- of 
this  denomination  was  formed  here  until  six  or  eight 
yars  ago ;  when  a  small  meeting-house  was  built  by 
Wm.  Poole,  at  the  Union  village,  and  a  small  congre- 
gation gathered.  There  is  no  other  Society  in  the  vi- 
cinity, and  this  one  ought  to  })rosper,  but  it  has  not. 
In  1872-3, Rev.  Matthias  Ulmer  did  succeed  in  awaken- 
ing quite  an  interest;  and  Rev.  Mr.  Ilanling,  the  pres- 
ent pastor,  is  doing  all  that  can  be  done  ;  yet  the  Church 


NKW    (Jill  U('IIK». 


197 


only  lniif;ui«hos.  It  is  not  iinprolj.'ildc.  however,  (luU 
at  no  (lislant  (lay,  assistol  liy  the  I'actorii's  that  may  1k' 
cri'dcd  in  that  vicinity,  this  Church  may  become  as  a 
"city  set  on  a  hill. 

SKCON!)    ADVKNT    rUlUClf, MILI.TOWN. 

F^ver  since  the  flays  of  the  Apostles,  the  startlin<jj 
rumor  has  occasionally  ^ot  into  circulation,  that  the  end 
of  the  world  and  the  ^reat  day  of  judgment  were  at 
hand.  The  last  instance  ol' this  delusion  occurred  about 
thirty-five  years  ago;  when  \Vm.  Miller  of  New  York, 
prcilicted  and  tried  to  prove  by  Daniel  and  John  that 
the  great  event  would  transpire  April  2;J,  l^^l.'5.  It  was 
reported  that  at  one  time  there  were  a  thousand  preach- 
ers and  a  million  believers  of  Miller's  theory.  Hut  the 
dies  irac  (piietly  passed,  the  good  old  world  did  not  end, 
and  Millerism  exploded.  Vet  somehow  there  arose 
from  its  debris,  a  m'w  sect, — the  Second  Adventists, 
which  holds  that  the  end  of  the  existing  <lis[)ensation  is 
near,  and  when  it  arrives,  Christ  will  come  again,  and, 
having  aimihilat('(l  the  wicked,  will  establish  his  pure 
and  perfect  kingdom  on  the  earth  ; — "a  consummation 
devoutly  to  be  wished." 

To  promulgate  and  defend  this  pleasing  theory, 
some  of  the  more  zealous  Second  Advent  preachers, 
not  long  ago,  used  to  travel  around  the  country,  hohl- 
ing ''protracted  meetings"  beneath  the  roof  of  a  iuam- 
moth  tent.  In  their  peregrinations,  about  18(17  or  s, 
they  came  to  Calais  and  pitched  their  tent  in  Milltown. 
A  nmltitude  flocked  to  see  and  hear  the  novelty,  sjnait 
sermons  were  preached,  converts  were  made  and  a 
Church,  not  large  but  zealous,  was  soon  started.  The 
tent  having  been  removed,  the  Society  purchase«l  a  hall 
of  Hon.  J.  S.  Hall,  and  there  held  its  meetings  and 
prospered.  15ut  becoming  dissatisfied  with  the  hall,  in 
1871^,  it  built  and  paid  for,  a  substantial  and  comfort- 
able meeting-house,  on  the  very  spot  formerly  occupied 
by  the  sacred  tent.  The  inside  of  the  house  was  paint- 
ed by  the  ladies  of  the  Church.  Tlie  present  pastor  is 
Rev.  W.  M.  Corliss — a  zealous  and  faithful  minister. 


lOH 


CEMKTKHIKS. 


i 


xxxiir. 

CEMETERIES. 

Mnii  is  mortal,  (lo  wlicrc  lie  iimv,  doatli  finds 
liiin,  .'111(1  caiisos  liis  IkxIv  "'to  return  to  the  diist.  r.s  it 
was;"  and  then  foiiics  the  need  of  sonic  sacred  locality 
in  which  to  liurv  the  dead.  Very  soon  after  their  arrival 
liere,  the  early  settlcM's  felt  this  need,  and  were  coni- 
peiiod    to    select     suitable    places     lor    the     internient 


of  their  decease  d    frieiKb 


The   natural    desire  of  tho 


surxivors,  when  a  d(»ar  one  dies,  is  to  bury  the  precious 
remains  in  some  i)leasaii1  spot  within  si^ht  and  near 
home.  Obeyimr  an  impulse  of  this  kind,  many  New 
England  farmers,  a  generation  or  two  ag'o,  liad  small, 
family  <»rave-yards  on  their  own  land,  and  not  far  from 
their  houses;  and  (juite  })robably  some  of  the  Calais  and 
St.  Stephen  people  in  the  early  days,  in(lul<2;ed  in  this 
practice.  Sul)se(|uently  however,  as  the  population  in- 
creased, and  deaths  became  more  fre(juent,  it  seemed 
more  convenient  and  symi^'ithetic,  for  several  neighbors 
to  unite  in  locating  and  using  a  common  burial  ground. 
Among  those  in  Calais,  was  one  at  Ked  Beach, 
still  used  ;  another  at  liog  lirook,  still  used  :  another 
quite  large  one  on  the  land  south  of  1>.  M.  Flint's  resi- 
dences long  since  abandoned  and  the  site  occupied  by  a 
school-house  ;  and  anotiier  in  the  village  of  Milltown, 
also  long  ago  abandoned.  About  l-Sjo.  the  town  i>ur- 
chased  ten  acres  of  land  on  the   hill   near  South   INIill- 


towii  St..  and  consecrated  it  as    the    Calais    Ceine 


tery 


Kecently  more   land  adjoining  it   has  been    bought  an; 
devoted  to  the  same  purpose.     A   portion  of  it   is  set 


f 


CEMKTKHIKS. 


l!>i) 


Mpnrt  l(M-  i\w  use.  <>r  tl.o  Cnliiolics.  Tlu"  sito  cf  this 
('(Mnot.ry  is  so  olovatod  as  t.,  (.(.nnnan.l  a  vi.w  <,f  ' 
nroo  portu>,j  of  Calais  and  St.  SK-plH-n.  TIm.v  are  in 
It  n.any  <rr;uU,\  avonncs  and  |,atl,s.  and  n,.t  a  low  hnnd- 
sonic  nionnuM-nts  an.l  lus-.d  slcu's.  Tl.r  ..jtv  i^wrv 
year  appropriates  scvc^ral  hundred  dolhirs  lor"  its  ini- 
provement  ;  and  at  no  distant  davit  .vill  rank  an.on - 
the  most  ])oautirul  eenietorios  in  the  State.  " 

1        VH'  ^r:  '"^jJ'P'x'"   peoi'If  liMve,  until    reeentiv,    lol- 

mved  the  Enoiish  fashion  of  usin^^    land  adjaeent    t     a 

church  as  a  -rave-yard.      Henee  in  a.ldition    ,,  the  huri- 

itoMliV^'Y/"'"'''''''   ^»-  ^^-ter  road,   and    on 
the  Ol     Kidne.  th(M-e    nas    a    eenieterv  eonneeted    with 

each  ol  the  older  ehurehes.      IJut   it  llavino-   Ion  J  I     ! 

po.ve.ved  that  this   fashion  served  to   per,H.tuati;   ne" 

lectod    lorlorn  and    repulsive    looki„o' o-,ave-var,ls     \u 

N.  Maiksl.mothy  Crocker,  A.  II.  Thonipsou.  Dani'd 
I  annon.  R  II.  To.ld,    Z.    Chipman,    Daniel    SnllhL 
and  S.  (..  S tevons,  ],y  .,„  net  of  the    Provincial    Parlia- 
in(M.     nnit(.l  ,n  a  corporate  capacity  for  tlu^  purpose-    f 
p.ovid.nir    and    n.aintainin.n:  a    eenieterv    wothvofthe 


n 


and    its  thriftv   inhabitants 


bouirht  sixtv-li 


S 


ve  acres  o    land,  near  the   II 


oon    after,    thev 


and  laid  it  out  and  enclosed  it  for  a  '^Citv  ot'tl 
Much  o-o,k|  taste  is  displayed   in    the    se'l 


ii.ison   roa(|, 
leDead.' 


site  and  the  arrano-ement  of  tl 


ic  <rroun(l> 


ection   of  this 


of  avenue  and  patii  wind   throuoh    the  neatl 


T 


vvo   miles 


trees.     Skilfully  chiseled  marble 


y   trimmed 


the  d 

entrance  of"  the  enclosure,  the'visi'tor  '  m 


and  <rranite'tell  wl 


oar  departed  repose  ;    while   in  fVont  of  tl 


I  ere 


sweep  of  the  river  and  the  homes  ol"  the  1 
bank,     licquicscant  in  pace. 


le   main 
iiy   see  a  loniif 
ivinjr  on  eitiier 


200 


APPENDIX. 


APPENDIX. 

The  following:  items  of  incidents,  facts  and  penealop:y, 
seem  essential  for  the  completion  of  these  annals.  They 
relate  only  to  fan)ilies  that  came  liere  prior  to  1840,  and 
only  to  such  of  them  as  haye  occupied  somewhat  consfncn- 
ous  positions;  and  even  many  of  them  are  left  out  for  lack 
of  space.  If  errors  are  discovered  in  names  or  dates,  the 
writer  can  only  plead  tluit  he  reports  what  was  told  him  by 
those  who  seemed  to  be  best  informed. 

Baunaki), 

John,  of  Boston,  married  Anna  Kendall  of  Dorchester ; 
came  to  Calais  about  1818,  thoujrh  his  family  remained  in 
Massachusetts;  in  company  with  Amaziah  Nash,  turnpiked 
the  road  from  Calais  to  Robbinston,  about  1820;  built  the 
house  now  used  by  W.  II.  Younj^  as  a  hotel;  eno:af^ed 
in  trade  ;  in  1836,  returned  to  Boston ;  and  died  at  his  home 
in  Dorchester,  in  1859. 

His  son  Edward  A.  Barnard,  came  to  (^alais  in  1836: 
enjrajred  in  trade ;  has  been  a  successful  merchant;  mar- 
ried Mary  Ann  Shepherd  of  Jefferson.  Children : — Mrs. 
Anna  K.  Kummel  of  Milwaukee,  Wis. ;  Mrs.  Harriet  L. 
Porter,  G.  T.,  M.  I),;  P'rank  A.,  mortally  wounded  in  the 
U.  S.  army  at  Rappahannock  Station  ;  Henry  II. ;  ChiraE. 

BOAUDMAN, 

William,  was  born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  in  1789; 
married  Esther  W.  Tappan,  also  of  Newburyport;  was  for 
a  tim(!,  a  successful  lutu'chant  in  his  native  town;  in  1826, 
came  to  Calais  with  his  family;  nev*^r  after  enprajjed  in  any 
very  extensive  business;  was  (!ver  kind,  upri<;ht  and  gen- 
tlemanly. At  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  his  weddinjr,  in 
I865,when  e  ach  one  of  his  livin<r  children  and  fl^randchildren 
brou<?ht  to  him  and  his  wife  some  golden  token  of  esteem, 
he  became  over  excited  and  was  never  after  entirely  well. 
He  died  in  1867. 


I 


APPKNIUX. 


201 


the 


Ifor 


in- 

in 

fen 

ill. 


Willi.nu    Ilciiiy; 
of  East  port,    d.: 


Chililreii:— A.laline    Todd,    F.    II.; 
George  A.;  Caroline  M.  Ilayden,  C.    II  , 
Anna  L.  Eaton,  II.  F. ;  (lorhain,  of  New  York  cltv;  Charles 
E.;]Mary  E.  Dexter,  Kev.  II.  V.,1).  D.,  formerly  of  Calais; 
Emily  F.  Lowell,  Ehvell. 

1)emix(;, 

William,  son  of  Charles  and  Mehitabel,  came  to  Cal- 
ais from  Hri^hton  Mass., in  182t;  has  ever  since  been  a  suc- 
cessful merchant;  married  Sarah  Wilcox,  of  Dartmouth, 
Mass.  Children: — William,  d. ;  Mrs.  Sarah  J.  rurin<j:ton, 
Capt.  Isaac:  Mrs.  Emma  (Granger,  Gen.  G.  F. ;  Charles  L. ; 
Mrs.  Rebecca  Eaton,  C.  li. 

DUHEN, 

Hox.  William,  came  from  Waterville,  Me.,  about 
1827;  engaged  in  lumbering  and  trade;  has  served  as  rep- 
resentutiv*;  and  senator  in  tlie  L(;gislature  of  Maine,  and  as 
mayor  of  Calais:  b(Min  successful  in  busim^ss  ;  married  Mary 
Dutch;  and  has  two  childnai,  viz: — Mrs.  Adelaide  Saw- 
yer, Fj.  D.,  of  Cambridgeport,  Mass.;  Jed  F'lye. 

Dyeh, 

Jones,  came  from  Machias  with  his  family,  1784.  Ilis 
children  were,  flames,  .lones,  Jr.,  Nathan,  Mrs.  Thomas 
Hill,  Mrs.  .lackson,  Mrs.  Henry  Knight,  all  deceased. 

The  children  of  Jam(\s  were,  James,  Jr.,  Samuel,  Mrs. 
Chase,  d.,  Mrs.  Westbrook  Kniglit.  d. 

'  ^nes,  Jr.  marrii'd  Lydia  Knight,  and  their  children 
were,  .»Irs.  JNIaria  Sawyer,  Thomas;  Mrs.  Harriet  White, 
L.  C,  d. ;  Edward  S.,  of  Washington  Territory ; John  II.,  il. ; 
Harrison,  d. ;  Mrs.  Lydia  Kettelle  of  Boston  ;  Mrs.  Sophia 
Porter,  C.  C.  Dr.;  (ii'o.  W.  <.f  Washingtcm,  D.  C. ;  Mrs. 
Helen  lh'adl)urv,  A.  H.,  Dr.;  Mrs.  Josephim^  Dodgt;  Dr.; 
the  hist  two  of  Santa  Barb;ii-a,    California. 

Eaton, 

Joseph  Emekson,  a  native  of  Groton,  Mass. ;  born  in 
1809;  came  to  St.  Stephen  in  18;5(),  and  at  once  engag- 
eil  in  lumbering.  Soon  after,  the  death  of  his  brother-in- 
law,  David  Wright,  left  to  him  the  management  of  a  large 
business,  which  he  conducted  with  great  energy  and  abil- 
ity.  He  continued  in  the  lunibei-ing  business  until  the 
brief  illness  which  terminated  his  life  in  1809.  His  forluiu? 
at  ileath  amounted  to  nearly  §1,000,000.  His  children  are, 
Charles  H.,of  St.  Stephen;  Joseph  10.,  of  Calais:  Herbert; 
Albert;  Bradley,  of  Calais:  Elizabeth  Benton,  Philadelphia. 


202 


AIM'KNDIX. 


i>.i 


Eat<>v, 

IIknkv  FitANKiJX,  born  in  (Iroton,  Mass..  in  1812,  a 
brotliur  of  J.  EnKU.son  Eaton,  camc!  to  St.  Stephen  in  18.'}.'}. 
II<;  soon  becanio  a  partner  with  his  lirother  in  th(^  lu'ni  oC 
,J.  E.  Eaton  tfc  ('o.  In  1842,  the  name  <»f  tjje  (irni  was 
chanjj:e(l  to  II.  F.  Eaton  &;  Co.,  and  the  i);irtnershi|)  contin- 
ned  until  18(J4:.  Mr.  K.  is  still  enixajjed  in  })iisiness  and  is 
estecMiied  as  one  of  tiie  most  (nier<;<!tie,  r<  lial)le  and  w(faUhy 
men  on  th(;  river.  His  ehildi'en  aic,  (niorj^o :  Henrietta 
May;  Henry;  Airaie  K. ;  Fr.ink;  Wilfred. 

Emehson, 

Cai'I'.  Sr/ni,  came  to  Calais  from  liridLieton,  Me.,  in 
1825;  built  th(>  lower  liridije;  framful  the  (irst  ("onjrrejxa- 
tional  ehureh;  built  s(!veral  saw-mills,  and  a  <2;rist-mill 
which  he  ran  for  s(!V(U'al  y(^ars:  mai-ried  Mary  Knijjht; 
and  had  two  children,  viz:  Fdward  E. ;  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Lowell,  R.  ]}. 

Gatp:s, 

Salmon,  born  in  Hubbardston,  Mass.,  in  1783;  came  to 
Calais  and  en<ra^<ul  in  <i;ettin<^  out ''ton  timl)er,"  in  1808; 
bronjjfht  his  family  here  in  1821  ;  hauhul  the  lirst 
lo;i;s  into  Grand  Lake  Stream,  above  the  rapids;  was  a 
strong,  en(!rf>eti(^  man  and  skilful  in  usino^  all  kinds  <f 
tools;  married  Luc}^  Chun'h.  Children: — Mrs.  Emeliiie 
Kimball,  ,1.  S. ;  Harriet;  Martha;  Asa  (.'.,  of  Wt'vmouth,  N. 
S. ;  Ephriam  C. ;  Mrs.  Lucy  C.  Wentworth,  (j.  M. ;  Salmon  S. 

CwniMKU, 

Tfiomas,  of  l*hilad(dphia,  married  Lydia  Way  of  New 
York,  and  settle«l  in  St.  Stx^phen  in  1785.  Children: — 
Thomas,  d.;  Mrs.  lietsv  Gotchell,  Daniel:  Jolm ;  Mrs. 
Katie  Smith,  .lolin,  d. ;  Nirs.  Patty  Thomas,  ,Iolm ;  Mrs. 
Lydia  Ma\w<'ll,  David;  James,  d. ;  William,  d. ;  Mrs.  Amy 
Eraser,  Wm.;  flesse. 

Hall, 

John,  cam(»  to  CJalais  from  Howdoin,  Me.,  in  1821. 
('hildnm  : — Mrs.  Hachel  Harvey  and  GritVin;  Mrs.  Mcu'cy 
Enos,  (Jeo. ;  James  Sullivan,  who  stM'ved  the  town  as  r<>p- 
resentative  in  the  Le<;islature  of  Maint;,  ca[)tain  and  quar- 
ter-mast(;r  in  tJK'  army  ai>;ainst  the  Rebellion,  and  mayor  of 
the  city:  Mrs.  Jane  Tracy,  Wm.;  Mrs.  Mary  Smith,  Nat.; 
Dana  M.;  John  T. ;  James  Madison;  Jacob  V.;  Mrs.  Lu- 
cinda  Smith,  Alex.;  Velona. 


ArPI'.NDlX. 


2(i:{ 


IIll.L, 

J.Vi'UKT,  of  Macliias  had  tli<'  folhtwini;  cliiMrcii :  Sam- 
nol;  Abner;  Stcplicn;  Mrs,  Doiidcll:  Mrs.  Kcziah  McAllis- 
ter. Jdlin  :  Mrs.  Susan  (  hristic,  .Famos ;  Mrs.Prisi-ilhi  IMneo ; 
Mrs.  Stoiu! ;  Mrs.  Smith. 

Grandchildren: — hy  Sainiiol:  .\nios;  Mrs.  Kcljceca 
iJcadinji:,  IOi)cn('z<'r;  Mrs.  I.ydia  liurnhani,  and  Smith. 
John;  Mrs.  Uicc  ;  Stephen;  Jasper ;  Alvin  ;  James  r—hy  Ab- 
nei'  who  married  Polly  Whitney:  (i(M).  S.  Hon.:  Mrs.  Mai-\ 
Bixby,  flohn  :  Jotd  ;  Abtun-;  I)ani(d;  Mrs.  Clarissa  Todd. 
Wni.;.rohn;  Horatio  X: — by  Stephen:  (Jeore'e  ;  Stephen  : 
Mrs.  H(fLsey  Frost,  Oliver;  Samuel;  .loshua;  Ann.  d. 

HlTClIFNdS. 

JosiAii,  of  New  Rostoii,  \.  H..  came  with  the  Loyal- 
ists in  17Hi.  His  children  w<'re,  Josiah :  I >aA- id.  of  Cooper, 
Me.:  William  of  St.  David;  John  of  Hudson,  Wis.;  Rol)ei-t 
of  St.  Ste])hen  :  Mi's.  Hannah  Moore  ;  Mrs.  Stretclj;  Mrs. 
Uridj^es  of  Charlotte,  Me. 

I'obert  inarri«'d  Hachel  Willet  of  (rcu-mantown.  N.  J.. 
and  their  children  wei'e.  IJodney  :  Kachel :  Samutd:  Wil- 
liam; Stejjlw'n  H.    John;  .Vnn  I^. ;  Mai-\- Al.;  Kliza. 

Stephen  H. ;  married  Charlotte  Eaton  ofCin-ton,  ]^Iass.. 
and  their  childr(Mi  are,  Mrs.  Frances  Taylor,  Rev.,  LakeC>ity. 
Wis. ;  Henry;  I{o!)ert. 

Kf.i.i.f.v, 

Benjamin,  M.  I).,  of  (iihnanton,  N.  H.,  married  Mary, 
daujihter  of  MaJ.  (lile  of  lOppiiiLT,  N.  H.  Their  son  Samuel 
was  born  in  Xorthwood,  X.  il.,  Au^.  2.  17!>7;  at  the  a<jf(!  of 
tw<'nty  went  to  St.  (jie<jr«j:e,  X\  15  ;  came  in  1821,  to(Jalais; 
on«rau(Ml  in  trade  in  company  with  (Jorham  and  Sti^arns 
Kimball ;  two  years  :ift<'r,  bou^rht  a  farm  embracing  the 
land  now  oi-cupied  by  the  southern  half  of  the  villaire  :  set- 
tU.'d  for  life,  and  enij;a;i.('d  in  farminjif,  t»"adlnn'  in  land  and 
hiinberina:;  in  1.S21.  marricul  Mary  Danford  of  Wiscasset. 
by  whom  li«^  had  ten  childi-en.  viz:  — Charles  H.  d.;  Mrs. 
IMary  Dyer,  Ceorjxe,  <1.;  Mrs.  Kmelim^  Kiiiir,  (Ject.  (}.; 
Benjamin  F. ;  Susan,  d. ;  Mrs.  Ann  M.  Wadsworth,  I>.  L.. 
of  Boston;  Sauund  ;  Frederic;  P.  d. ;  EmmaS. ;  Hannah  D.  <1. 

KlF.NE, 

Jaiuis.  born  in  Duxburv.  Mas^..  in  1770;  was  a  ship 
l)uilder;  came  to  Calais  in  1S(K);  built  the  lirst  vesstd  in 
Calais;  married  Lucy  lvni<j;ht  and  had  lifleen  childi-en  ;  viz  : 
— Jarins,  d. ;  Isaac,  d.;  Truxton,  d. ;  Mrs.  ]\Iarv  Ann  Hink- 
ley ;  William  ;  Elzim,  »l. ;  Harrison ;  Atkins ;  Uobert ;  Georj^e  ; 


201 


APPKNDIX. 


i 


Sullivan,  d.;  Loronzo,  d, ;  FrctU'ric ;  Mrs.  I>U(!vThirz.'i  Ellis 
and  Vandino,  lloiilton;  Edward. 

Lhp:, 

JosKi'H  A.,  came  to  Calais  from  Bnckspoil  in  1H.'53; 
cntori'd  tin*  (-alais  Bank  in  18;](;;  was  Clerk  until  1839; 
tlu^n  Cashier  imtil  lS(;i);tlien  President  to  the  present  time  ; 
niarrie(l  Miiry  Sawyer,  and  after  her  deeease,  Isabella 
'i'heohald  of  Wiseasset.  Children: — Mrs.  Thehe  Kin*;,  W. 
R.  d;Mrs.  Eliznheth  Newton,  C.II. ;  Mrs.  Marv  E.  Ladd,  C. 
L. :  Josei)h  W.,  Hector  of  Christ's  Chureh,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ; 
William  il.,  of  Ahsxander,  Me.;  Clara, Jane;  Ernst. 

EixnsAY, 

NiNiAN,  came  from  Ireland;  settled  in  St.  Stephen 
about  17H();  owned  l;md  on  ^V!lter  St.,  just  below  tin;  brid<:;(^ ; 
married  Ibmnah  M:irks.  Children  :—Bobert:  Ninian  ;  Mrs. 
ElizM  Ann  Todd,  Robert  M.;  Mrs.  ElizMbeth  Andrews, 
Wm.;  Andi'ew;  (reorjr*' ;  '"ind  Caroline;.  Mrs.  Andrews  is 
the  only  one  now  living,  but  the  grandchildren  are  nu- 
merous. 

Lowell, 

Levi  L.,  of  Wiseasset,  came  to  Calais  in  1828,  as  a  r(%'il 
estat«.>  agent  for  the  proi)rietors ;  has  sold  more  than  half 
the  land  in  town  ;  'las  also  been  a  merchant;  is  an  insurance 
agent;  married  Emeline  M.  Danford,  of  Wiseasset.  (./hil- 
dren : — Mrs.  Charlotte  C.  Kennedy,  F.  A.,  of  CJambridge, 
Mass.;  Mrs.  Alice  li.  Skilhngs  of  Wincln^ster,  Mass. 

LoWKLL, 

Hei'BEN,  of  Rucklield,  Me.,  married  Sarah  Smith  of 
Litchlield,  Me. ;  canu!  to  Calais  in  1825;  was  a  successful 
merchant;  died  in  \H'.]7.  Children: — Mrs.  MincM'va  Hamil- 
ton, and  Chast;,  1).  K.  d. ;  Reuben  R. ;  Frederic  II.  d.; 
George  A.;  Mrs.  Sarah  Copeland,  II.  CsonofT.  J.  C'ope- 
land. 

McAllistek, 

Daniel,  married  Mary  Patterson,  l)oth  of  New  Boston, 
N.  II. ,  and  cann^  to  St.  Stephen  with  the  -'Cape  Ann  Asso- 
ciation," in  178,");  was  a  faruKM' and  lumberman.  Children: 
— ,Iohn ;  William;  Alexander;  Retsy;  Mis.  Polly  Harmon, 
W. ;  Mrs.  Lydia  Harmon,  Nat.;  Mrs.  Sally  Perkins,  James, 
of  St.  David. 

John  married  Keziah  Hill.  Children: — Japhet  H.  d. 
Daniel,  of  Rol)binston  :Mrs.  Elizabeth  Watson,  Thomas,  d. 
John,  of  Calais;  William  E.  d. ;  Stephen,  d. ;  George  C.  d. 


APPKNDIX. 


205 


Henry  S.  d. ;    Mrs.  Louisa  Porter,   Jolin,  il. ;    Ilanisoii,  il. ; 
Abner. 

^fAXAVKT.!-, 

Jamks,  a  nntive  of  Irclaiul  :  settled  in  St.  Stephen  in 
178."):  married  Hetsy  Hill.  C'liildren: — William;  l);mi(d; 
Mrs.  H(ftsey  (Iiimmer,  .Folin;  James;  David,  d.;  .Joseph 
II.;  Mrs.  lV»lly  Haldwin,  John,  d. :  Thomas;  (leorjj^e;  Sam- 
lud,  th(?  yoiui;^ost,  now,  187."),  aijed  sixty-live. 

MlI.I'.F.IJKY, 

Sami'EL,  came  from  MnehiMs  and  settled  in  St.  Stephen 
17s<>:  h:id  three  wives  and  nineteen    children;    the    last 


m 


wife  was  Tolly  Hill.  Children: — .lames;  John,  d.;  Oliver; 
Hannah;  Thomas,  d.;Mrs.  Jennette  Xeshit.  W. ;  Mrs. 
Lydia  M:ixw(dl,  I);ivid;  Mrs.  X:d)l)y  Mitchell,  James ;  Mrs. 
>i(dindaMa\well,  John;  rloseph;  Mrs.  Charlotte  Mitdudl, 
Asa,  d, ;  Mrs.  Polly  T:ite,  Thomas. 

MOOHK. 

Wii.i.iAAi,  came  from  New  Poston,  N.  IT.:  settled  in 
St.  I):ivid  in  1784.  Children  :—Kol)ert;  William;  John; 
Georirc ;  Tristnm;  Mrs.  Petsy  Pnntin/j:;  Mi's.  Hannah  Con- 
niek:  Mrs.  Robert  Hitchinus;  Mrs.  Ann.-i  Whitn<'V.  (Jrand- 
ehildren: — by  liobert:  Jesse;  Robert;  Hem'v  ;  .lones ;  and 
William: — by  William:  (Jilman:  'I'homas;  Ste])hen;  .1. 
Alexand(!r.  Airs.  Ilitchinirs;  Mrs.  Prown  ; — by  .lohn  :  Whit- 
tier  D. ;  Josephns  ;  (Jeorfj^t; ;  Willi:im;  .losiah ;  Ann;  Mrs. 
mary  (Jarecdon;  Asceni^th;  Mrs.  Caroline  Piichanan ;  Mrs. 
Mary  Ann  Thompson;  Mrs.  M.  Cainpbidl :— by  Trist.-im  : 
Mrs.  Eliza  Peaks:  Nelson  ;  ('yrns  :  Mrs.  Myra  NicAllister; 
J.  Warren:  Mrs.  Alice  Wharf;  .lustin:  Simon  C. ;  Horatio 
N. ;  Mrs.  Emily  Williams;  Mrs.  Hannah  Mooro ;  Mrs. 
Mar}'  Earle. 

Ml  itriiiE, 

AxDHF.w,  came  from  Paisley,  Scotland,  pnndons  to 
1789:  settled  on  the  Old  Ri<l<i:e,  St.  Stejihen.  His  two  sons, 
John  and  I)ani(d  came    with    him.      .John    dietl    childless. 

Daniel  married  Miss Campbcdl  of  Castine.      Tlieir 

children  W(ire,  . lohn ;  William;  Andrew;  James;  Colin; 
Mrs.  Jane  Ann  McAdam;  Mrs.  Mar^ji^aret  Grimmer;  Mary; 
Daniel ;  John,  now  of  Nevada  City,  Cal. 

PiCKINS, 

Leonard,  was  born  in  Taunton,  Mass.,  and  was 
by  trade  a  house  carpenter.  Came  to  Calais  in  18;^2;  built 
the  Methodist  church  in  Milltown.  N.  B. ;    was  successful 


•iOO 


AIM'KMUX. 


in  l)UsiiH'ss  :in«l  ropiitaltk;  in  society.  II<'  (lied  in  Mav,  \M:\. 
Childivn:-  Mrs.  Vasliti  H.  CJatcs,  "K.  (".:  Mrs.  lA-dia  W. 
L.'inil):  I^cojiard;  Adoiiiram  .fudsoii,  of  lioston. 

William,  ofPoitland;  was  si  nieivhant  in  Wist-asset; 
iiiarrit'd  lili/ahcLh  ('lni,4o|)li('r,  and  aflci' her  dcniisr,  Han- 
nah Slicppard  :  In  ISOt  ciinic  to  Calais,  <'niia<j:<'(i  in  trade; 
iniincdiatcly  took  tlic  rank  of  a  leading::  citizen,  in  business, 
politics  and  ridiiz;ioiis  alVairs;  died  in  \H]H.  ("Iiildren: — 
William,  d.;  Mrs.  Klizaheth  Chandler.  IIoji.  A.  (I. .  Kd- 
jjar,  d. ;  James  S..  of  IJohhinston  :  ('harles  K.  !]s(|.,  of  l»os- 
ton;Mary  Caroline,  d. ;  Fred  A.,  Hon.,  <'X.  M.  C. 

PoUTKH, 

JosKi'H,  tlu!  son  of  J)r.  Jonathan  Porter  <>f  Hraintree, 
IMass.,  w.is  l)oin  in  Maiden,  Mass.,  where  his  father  then 
resided.  In  17H(»,  he  came  to  Kohhinston  in  the  emj)lov  of 
Gov.  Kohbins.  Two  yisars  after  lu;  came  to  Calais  and 
opened  a  store  on  Ferry  I'oint, — the  th'st  store  in  the  ))lace ; 
in  171>.>  niarri(Ml  lUitsey,  a  daughter  of  (Japt.  N.  Marks; 
Api'il  171);"),  moved  to  St.  Stei)hen,  where  for  many  years, 
he  was  ail  acti\(!  and  hi;j:hlv  respected  citiz<Mi;  died  in 
lH-22.  (Mnldren:— William;  Mrs.  Flizabeth  A.  Hixby, 
James ;  Mrs.  Hannah  ^V'illiams,  .ronathan;  .John;  (ieor<re 
M. ;  Mrs.  Mary  Hixby,  of  I.itchlield,  X.  H. ;  Mrs.  Eliza 
Stuart;  Mrs.  .Joanna  B.  Upton;  fJoseph  N.;  James. 

Ri>:ai)IX(^ 

Ma.t.  Ei5KNF.zf.I{,  came  from  th(»  western  part  of  the 
St.-ite  to  ('alais  in  ISO;');  mai-ried  Kebecca  Hill.  Children: 
At  wood ;  Mrs.  Harriet  Crosby  and  l.c^avilt;  Joseph;  Kben- 
(;zer;  (Jtis. 


Sawyeu, 


Ar.xrif,  of  Phillipston.  ^lass.,  came  to  Calais  in  1818 
went  into  bnsiness  as  merchant  and    amassed  a    larire  for- 

as    town    treasurer    many 


\\ 


tune;    mari-ied    Phebe   Cole 

years;  diecl  in  1852.     Children: — ]Mrs.   Almeda   S.  Towns- 
end,   M.    H.,   lawyer,    of    Alexander,     Me.;    Mrs.     Mary 


J 


AH! 


fJ.   A.,  d. 


Smith, 


Hon.  Noah,  jr.,  son  of  Ca{)t.  Noah,  and  INIary  Sweet- 
ser;  born  in  So.  l{eadin<»:,  now  Wakeflfdd,  ]\Iass.,  iji  1800; 
came  to  Calais  in  IS.'l'i;  served  as  a  deacon  of  the  Baptist 
Church,  siH'aker  of  the  Maine  House  of  Representatives, 
Secretary  of  the    State    of  Maine,   Socretar}'  of  the  U.    S. 


A  IT  KM » I. \ 


207 


ri 


S<'!i!it<'.  <'t('. ;  niMi-ricd  IlMimali  Wln»ii!.»!i  of  Pi-ovitlciuM', 
1{.  I.;  tlitMl  in  i'liiladclpliiM.  in  ISCS,  Cliildicn:  Klirn  S. 
'rii|»|)('r.  Alien,  of  Iowa,  famous  as  an  apiarist;  .laint'S  W., 
1).  I)..  Haptist  of  riiilad.'Iphia:  Mila  K.  Wlii.M.-n.  (*.  IJ.: 
S.-th  \V.;  riiarl.'s  11.,   of   Maltiinoiv    Md. ;    IJol.cit    X.    d .; 


Walt 


»M' 


ol  Iowa.. 


'I'lloMI'Snx, 


Alkxamu'jj,  came  to  St.  St«pli»'n  from  Lilcldlidd,  N. 
If.-  married  Cliailotl.-  Hill.  Cliildn'ii :— William  ;  Mrs. 
Ann  Lindsay;  Alrxandi'r;  Mrs.  Klizahcth  Holmes,  .James 
A.;  Hmily;  Klisha;  Au^^nstiis  H. ;  C'yriis  A.;  Tlu-'odorc. 

T«)i>i), 

Wii.i.iAM,  of  GofVstown.  X.  II.;  married  Mis>  Wortliley 
of  Xortli  YarmoMtli.  Mc.  where  lie  located  and  eii^a<!:ed  in 
business  as  a  mei'cliaiil  ;  in  isil,  settled  in  St.  Stephen,  as 
a  toaeher,  and  afterwards  a  m«!reliant  anil  innktuqxjr.  Kvv. 
Mr.  M'Coll  speaks  of  his  school  as  "very  exetdlent.'"  II«i 
dietl,  April  .'Jrd.  ISKJ,  and  his  wife,  four  years  later;  leav- 
in;:;  the  rich  legacy  of  eluldren  that  honor  and  a«lorn  so- 
ciety. Children  :—Ivol>ert  M.  d  ;  .Mary  J.  Hill,  Joel,  d. ; 
Ja?ie  M.  Mei-ry.  Alfred;  William,  d.  ;  Laura  McAllister, 
John;  Seih  M. ;  Freeman  II.;  Loui-a  W.  Townsend,  Seth; 
John  W. ;  and  Haimah  A.  Hill,  San..'/jl. 

Townsend, 

SivriF,  came  from  Sidney,  Me.,  to  Calais  in  IH'J.'l;  an 
jictive  and  honest  businessman;  marrietl  Louisa  W.  Todd. 
Children: — Hdu:ar,  who  died  of  discjastj  contracted  in  the 
army  ajj^ainst  the  llelxdlion;  Louisa  M.  d. ;  Laura;  Airs. 
Mary  II.  Harris,  Wm.  II. 

IJl'TON, 

Aauon,  came  from  New  Boston,  N.  II.,  toSt.  Stejihen, 
about  ISOO;  was  a  very  active  and  successful  shipbuilder 
and  nnn'chant.  Children: — .Mrs.  Sarah  Hill ;  David;  Mar- 
garet; Mrs.  Louisa  Mc.Vllister,  Marcus;  .\chsah. 

Waite. 

Benjamin  F..  (a  ji^reat-jrnmdson  of  Nathaniel,  who 
came  from  Leiccsster,  En;i;land  to  Maiden,  Mass.,  in  1096,) 
born  in  Ilubbardston,  Mass.,  in  l.SOl  ;  cani(»  to  Calais  about 
1821;  en<:;a<>:(;d  in  lumberin<>;  and  commen-e;  married  Han- 
nah T.  Todd  of  Eastport;  ilied  in  lH7o.  Children: — 
Charles;  Mrs.  Mary  E.  J)emin<2^,  Wm ;  Lieut.  Henry  W. 
mortally  wounded  in  the  Tnion  army  at  Happahannock 
Station;  Benjamin  F. ;  .John  T. ;  Frederic  T. ;  Mrs.  Helen 
M.  Kelley,  Sam.;  George  F2, ;  Horace. 


208 


AI'I'KNDIX. 


AVatsox, 

Hni'.KKT,  (•:inu'  from  Ay«M'sliin',  Scotland;  ,s«!ttl(Ml  in  St. 
St<'|>h»'ii  iil)oiil  17J)0;  cii^rMiJcd  in  comnicrco;  j^Jivc  ji  liotur 
to  lion.  tJanics  Hfown  in  Iiis  hoyliood;  was  a  warm  friend 
of  I'arson  M'Coll;  married  Marv  Scelv  of  St.  .lohn;  died  in 
1817.  Cliildren: -William;  Mrs.  EJizalx'th  Atlierton; 
Mary  Ann;  Xan<;y;  Mis.  Maria  Mowatt,  Ilobiirt,  liarri.stor; 
Rolx'rt,  the  oidy  one  now  livinjr. 

Wkntwoktfi, 

Hon.  f}.  M.,  (•.•imc  frcjin  Parsonsfudd  to  ( 'jiljiis  in  18;}.'): 
{'n<r!i'J:<*d  in  teachinjir  and  aft<'rwards  in  Inndu'rin^j^;  is  an 
active  and  successful  man;  marrietl  Lucy  (■•  fJates;  tlieir 
dau<j:liter,  Mrs.  Elizalnith  (iilmorc,  Kobcirt,  resides  in  I'rov- 
vidtmeo.  It.  I. 

Wiih>i>i;n, 

Rent>oi„  horn  in  Now  Marki't,  \.  IT.  in  170o:  was 
hrou^lht  to  lloUantl.  Mc,  hy  his  parents,  in  171)7:  was  u 
volunteer  soldier  stationed  at  Wiscasset,  in  1814  :  soon  after, 
mov(;d  to  St.CJeorn^e,  N.  H.,  wluvnihe  resi<led  scvcM'al  years: 
canie  to  C'iilais  in  18;]1  :  was  a  rejM'esentative  in  the  Maine 
Le^isl:itiu«'  in  18;$!),  and  the  same  year,  was  apj^ointed 
qu:irtorm:istor  of  tho  militia  stationed  in  Calais:  elected 
Maj.  Gener:il  in  1814:  was  a  State  sen:itor  in  18;>4:  assisted 
in  raisin<r  the  first  company  of  volunteers  in  Calais  in  18()1, 
and  afterwards  enlistecl  iinotlu'r  i-ompany  :  is  a  life  member 
of  the  Tract,  and  Home  Missionary  Societies;  married  Mrs. 
Sarah  Heed,  <lau<rhter  of  ('apt.  Teter  Clinch  of  Fort  Howe, 
St.  John,  N.  H.,  by  whom  he  has  four  children,  viz: — 
Charles  H. ;  Edo^-ir ;  Mrs,  Amy  E.  Hobart,  I).  K. ;  Maria  C. 
H<^  is  still  hale  and  active. 

Whitney, 

Joel,  lived  anddiedin  Jonesboro.  Children  :  Mrs.  Hannali 
Kni<;ht,  Paul ;  Mrs.  Mary  Hill,  Abner ;  Daniel ;  Joel ;  Joseph ; 
Ephriam  ;  Paul.  (Jrandchildren  : — by  Daniel:  Harlow,  d.; 
Mrs.  Sarah  Tyhu',  L. ;  John;  Mrs.  Ann  Vounj^,  .John;  Eph- 
raim  ;  Daniel ;  Robert;  Doufjlas  : — by  Joel,  who  manicnl 
Anna  Moore:  AVashinii;ton,  d.;  Mrs.  Jane  Todd,  Seth  M. ; 
Mrs.  H;inii;ih  H;irmon,  Daniel;  Joseph;  Mrs.  Haycock, 
Warren;  Eliz:i: — liv  Ephriam:  Mrs.  Beisv  Hill,  Abner; 
Mrs  Pheb.'  Hill,  H.^N.;  Mrs.  Nancy  McEarlane,  M.;  Mrs. 
AiMi  Porter,  John,  d. ;  Mrs.  Sophia  (vlark,  Rev.  W,  S,,  d. ; 
Beri:ih  : — by  Paul :  Mrs.  Cordelia  Peabody,  Charles  Eliz- 
abeth; Reuben;  John;  Harrison. 

Finis. 


M 


Srt> 


.'^'ttlcd  in  Sf. 
Jive  ji  lionu* 
^Viinii  fiicnd 
olin ;  (lied  in 
I  Atlicrton; 
"t,  Kanlsfer; 


il.'iis  in  IS;?,"): 

Hn<r;     is     Mil 

;<'it<'s;    their 
ides  ill  I'rov- 


1 79o :    wiiH 
707 :    was   u 
:  soon  aftor, 
roral  y(;ars : 
1  tile  Maino 
>    aj)|K)in((Ml 
is:    i!l(H;t<!(i 
'04 :  assisted 
laisin  IHOl, 
iff  nn'inbcr 
allied  Mrs. 
E^'ort  Howe, 
ron,    viz : — 
. ;  Maiiji  C. 


rs.  Hannah 

d ;  Jos(»|)h; 

larlow,  d. ; 

^oliii;  Eph- 

o   married 

Seth  M. ; 

Ila^'cock, 

U,    Abner; 

M.;   Mrs, 

N.  S.,     d.  ; 

rles   Eliz- 


